Objective To analyze retrospectively the application of hormone biochemical test in the diagnosis of adrenal diseases,to provide theoretical guidance for the clinical diagnosis of adrenal diseases.Methods The clinical data of 110 cases of patients with adrenal diseases were analyzed retrospectively,the conventional inspection group and the hormone biochemiscal test group were divided according to the different testing methods.The efficiency in test results was compared between two groups.Results A total of 41 cases were effective,14 cases were ineffective,the efficiency was 74.5％(41/55) in the conventional inspection group,53 cases were effective,2 cases were invahd,the efficiency was 96.4％(53/55) in the hormone biochemical test group,the efficiency in the hormone biochemical test group was significantly better than that in the conventional inspection group by statistical analysis (P ＜ 0.05).Conchsions Compared with conventional inspection test,the hormone biochemical test group in the diagnosis of adrenal diseases result is more accurate,which can be used as an important supplementary mean of adrenal diseases diagnosis.

Gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy is considered as the standared operation to treat gastric cancer by the major of experts at home and abroad.Laparoscopic gastrectomy with D2 lymphadeneetomy is safe,feasible, minimally invasive and can achieve the same result of abdominal opening.This article is a review to summarize the overview,necessity and feasibility,the indication,the points for attention in operation,preoperative evaluation, complication,the result and the perspect about lapamscopie gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy.

Although quinolone resistance results mostly from chromosomal mutations in Enterobacteriaceae,it may also be mediated by plasmid-encoded Qnr determinants.Qnr proteins protect DNA from quinolone action and compromise the effect of quinolones,such as nalidixic acid.Qnr proteins including QnrA,QnrB and QnrS,have been identified worldwide with a quite high prevalence among Asian isolates with a frequent association with clavulanic acid-inhibited expanded-spectrum b-lactamases and plasmid-mediated cephalosporinases.The QnrA genes are embedded in complex sul1-type integrons.A close relative and likely progenitor of the QnrA have been found in the water-borne species Shewanella algae.It may help to determine the location of in vivo transfer of the QnrA genes.Further analyses of the role of quinolones,if any,in enhancing this gene transfer may prevent the spreading of the drug resistance and possibly lead to the finding of a novel mechanism of antibiotic resistance.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress will be happened when cells suffer from severe adverse stimulation.Endoplasmic reticulum stress can induce autophagy.Autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress can protect cell for survival, however, they can trigger cell death.In tumor cells, the mutual regulation of autophagy and endoplasmic reticulum stress leads to the imbalance between cell survival and death, which is one of the important factors in determining the efficacy of some antitumor drugs.This paper reviews the progress on autophagy induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress in tumor and the effect of autophagic inhibitors on chemosensitivity.

The ampC ?-lactamases gene in Escherichia coli(E.coli) is different from other Gram-negative bacteria.E.coli contains a chromosomal ampC gene which has a weak promoter as well as a transcriptional attenuator.The promoter of the ampC gene in E.coli is part of the preceding frd operon,the attenuator of the ampC gene is a transcription terminator for the frd operon.The ampC regulatory gene,ampR,is absent.Strains carrying the wild-type gene produce a low basal amount of AmpC.Studies on the molecular basis of AmpC overproduction in E.coli have shown that some hyperproducers contain mutation in the promoter region and/or attenautor and/or ampC-coding region of ampC,while others contain more than one copy of ampC.Acquisition of a stronger promoter or insertion of an insertion element containing promoter sequences or regulatory gene ampR has also been proposed as the molecular basis of hyperproduction of AmpC in some E.coli strains.Plasmid-mediated AmpC ?-lactamases have been discovered frequently in E.coli strains.This is another reason for hyperproduction of AmpC ?-lactamases.

LASS gene family is a group of highly conserved and longevous gene LASS protein has a ceramide synthase activity,which can synthesize different types of ceramides.Ceramide is a key intermediate in tumor cells growth,signal transduction and other aspects.Thus it is inferred that the expression of LASS gene can suppress the occurrence and development of tumor within a certain range.

Objective To observe the effect of triamcinolone acetonide(TA) on activation and barrier function of human retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Methods ARPE-19 cells were cultured in 96-well tissue culture plate. Four weeks later, TA with different concentration (0.02 and 0.05 mg/ml)was added to the cells and culture for 3 or 7 days. The activation of ARPE-19 cells was assessed by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT). ARPE-19 cells were cultured on polyester microporous filters for 4 weeks, and the transepithelial resistance (TER) was recorded. TA (0.02 and 0.05 mg/ml) was added to the culture fluid respectively, and after cultured for 1 week TER was measured again. The RPE permeability was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with horse radish peroxidase as the tracer. [WTHZ]Results In the culture fluid with 0.02 mg/ml TA cultured for 3 or 7 days, the average survival rate of ARPE-19 cells was 93.70% and 90.63% respectively, without statistic difference compared with the control (P=0.147, 0.091). While in the 0.05 mg/ml TA group after cultured for the same duration, the activation of ARPE-19 cells decreased significantly compared with the control (with the average survival rate of 87.75% and 88.98%; P=0.025, 0.043). One week after cultured with TA, TER decreased significantly while permeability improved obviously in the 2 TA groups compared to the control (P

Objective·To observe changes of exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) level in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) before and after inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) therapy and to explore the correlation of FeNO level with inflammation and pulmonary function indexes. Methods·Seventy COPD patients at stable stage who underwent ICS therapy (the COPD group) were enrolled. Levels of peripheral blood eosinophil (Eos) and neutrophil (N), FeNO, PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/pred before and after treatment were measured. Fifty healthy volunteers who received physical examination at the same time served as controls (the control group). The relationship between these indexes and clinical efficacy and the correlation between FeNO level and inflammation or pulmonary function indexes were analyzed. Results·The COPD group had significantly higher FeNO, Eos, and N levels before treatment, significantly lower PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/pred after treatment (P<0.05), and remarkably better indexes after treatment (P<0.05) compared with the control group. Indexes of the effective group and the improved group were significantly better than that of the ineffective group after treatment. Results of correlation analysis showed that before treatment, the FeNO level was positively correlated with peripheral blood Eos and N levels (P<0.05) and negatively correlated with PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/pred (P<0.05). After treatment, the FeNO level was positively correlated with peripheral blood Eos and N levels (P<0.05) and the correlation of the FeNO level with PEF, FEV1 and FEV1/pred was not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion·The FeNO level increased significantly in patients with COPD at stable stage and is a sensitive index of airway inflammation. Combined with lung function test, it's useful for evaluating the efficacy of ICS and guiding treatment.

RNA interference (RNAi), as a new technology of gene therapy, has been used in the studies of many diseases in vitro, however, targeting delivery of small interference RNA (siRNA) is still a bottleneck for clinical therapy of siRNA agents. Aptamer is a group of oligonucleotides with high affinity and targeting, and is becoming another important means of delivery for siRNA. In this review, we summarized siRNA delivery obstacles in vivo and recent attractive developments increatively using cell-internalizing aptamers to deliver siRNAs to target cells.

Objective To compare the effects of different surgical time for the recovery of elderly patients with acute cholecystitis and provide reference for its clinical treatment. Methods Clinic data of 79 elderly patients with acute cholecystitis from January 2008 to September 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Patients were divided into two groups according to different surgical time, 42 cases having surgery within 72 h as early surgery group, and 37 cases having surgery later than 72h as delayed surgery group then the curative effects of two groups were compared and analyzed. Results The success rate of early surgery group reached 97.6%, and that of delayed surgery group 91.9%, which showed no statistically significant difference (P > 0.05); with shorter operative time, less blood loss, shorter length of hospital stay and less medical cost, patients recovered better in early surgery group than those in delayed surgery group and there were statistically significant differences between two groups (P<0.05), while the postoperative discharge time of two groups had no significant difference (P>0.05).The complication rate of early surgery group was 2.4%, and that of delayed surgery group 18.9%, which indicated statistically significant difference (P<0.05). Conclusions Early surgical treatment for elderly patients with acute cholecystitis has a good therapeutic effect and is beneficial to the early rehabilitation of patients.