Objective : To establish a microwave-assisted digestion-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) with an octopole reaction system for simultaneous determination of six heavy metals in peanuts, including Cr, Ni, As, Cd, Pb, Hg. Methods : Peanut samples were shelled and crushed evenly, and 0.350 0 g was accurately weighed and digested with 5 mL nitric acid and 1 mL hydrogen peroxide in a digestion tank. Following microwave-assisted digestion, pure water was used to quantify the samples, and internal standards and an octopole reaction system were used to remove the interference. Then, the contents of six heavy metals were determined in peanuts by ICP-MS. The accuracy and precision of ICP-MS were evaluated using national criteria ( GBW 10013 and GBW 10044 ) and spike-and-recovery testing. Results : The six heavy metals showed good linearity at the selected linear range ( r≥0.999 8 ). The detection limits of ICP-MS ranged from 0.001 4 to 0.023 8 ng/mL, and the spike-and-recovery rates ranged from 94.7% to 98.8%, with the relative standard deviations ranging from 0.7% to 3.6%. In addition, the determination results of the standard reference materials were all within the normal reference range. The detection of six heavy metals was 100.0% in 60 peanut samples, and the contents of six heavy metals were all low. Conclusion The established ICP-MS assay is feasible for simultaneous determination of multiple heavy metals in peanuts.

Objective To investigate plasma level of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1)and soluble E-slectin (sES) in patients with Keshan disease (KD) accompanied by hypertension,and to further their relation to systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and ejection fraction (EF) of left ventricle.Methods Patients with Keshan disease investigated in 2007 in Fuyu County,Heilongjiang Province were divided into two groups according to whether they were accompanied by hypertension or not:KDP group (n =17),the patients were diagnosed as Keshan disease accompanied by hypertension;KDN group (n =14),the patients were only diagnosed as Keshan disease.Healthy volunteers lived in the same area as the patients were included in the control group (CON group,n =10).The clinical data (such as age,sex and past medical history),SBP and DBP were recorded.EF was detected by echocardiography.Plasma sICAM-1 and sES concentrations were measured by ABC-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique.Results Plasma level of sICAM-1 in the subjects was significantly elevated in KDP group as compared with that in CON group and KDN group [(399.84 ± 99.06) vs (323.06 ± 61.27) μg/L,P ＜0.05;(399.84 ± 99.06) vs (268.27 ± 72.88) μg/L,P ＜ 0.01].However,there was no statistical significance in plasma sICAM-1 between the KDN group and control group (P ＞ 0.05).The difference of plasma sES between the control group,KDN group and KDP group did not reach statistical significance [(76.31 ± 23.17),(72.26 ± 20.15) and (90.21 ± 19.21) μg/L,F =3.236,P ＞ 0.05].As compared with the KDN group,SBP and DBP were obviously higher in KDP group [(169 ± 27) and (121 ± 10) mmHg,(102 ± 17) and (81 ± 6) mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa,F =6.376,4.300,all P ＜ 0.01],and EF was not significantly increased [(58 ± 14)％ and (55 ± 14)％,F =0.789,P ＞ 0.05].Furthermore,correlation analysis showed plasma sICAM-1 was positively correlated with SBP (r =0.540 6,P ＜ 0.01)and DBP (r =0.461 2,P ＜ 0.01),but not with EF of left ventricle in subjects whir Keshan disease (r =0.073 4,P ＞0.05).Conclusion These data shows slCAM-1 may play a role in the development of Keshan disease accompanied by hypertension,providing an potential index for its risk assessment.

Objective:To analyze the clinical and genetic characteristics of five patients with familial male-limited precocious puberty(FMPP).Methods:The clinical data, laboratory and imaging results of the five patients with FMPP were collected. Whole exome sequencing was carried out to identify the potential variants. Suspected variants were verified by Sanger sequencing of family numbers.Results:Of the five patients, four were children and one was an adult. All the four children presented to hospital with premature sexual development at age less than 4 years. Serum testosterone was elevated, luteinizing hormone(LH) and follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) basal values were at prepubertal levels, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH) stimulation test suggested peripheral precocious puberty. Genetic analysis revealed the mutations of LHCGR genes in all the five patients. Patients 1, 2, 3, and 4 carried the same heterozygous mutation c. 1713G>C(p.M571I), and the patient 5 carried the c. 1741T>C(p.C581R)variation. The four children were treated with anti-androgen preparations and the third-generation aromatase inhibitors, all of which were effective.Conclusion:The c. 1713G>C mutation of LHCGR gene is a novel one which expands the mutation spectrum of LHCGR gene. Combined treatment with bicaluamide and the third generation aromatase inhibitors can improve clinical symptoms and delay epiphyseal closure in children with FMPP.

Objective:To investigate the improvement of radiation-induced cognitive dysfunction and its preliminary mechanism by Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensis.Methods:SPF grade male Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group(Control),Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensis(IP),radiation group(Rad)and radiation+Ilex pubescens var.kwangsiensiss group(Rad+IP),with 10 mice in each group.Morris water maze test and dark avoidance test were used to detect the changes in cognitive function of mice before and after drug intervention.Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the changes of brain histopathology and ultrastructure in the hip-pocampus of mice.The expressions of nuclear factor E2-associated factor 2(Nrf2),heme oxygenase 1(HO-1),man-ganese superoxide dismutase(MnSOD),B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2(Bcl-2)and Bcl-2 associated X protein(Bax)were detected by immunohistochemical assay.Results:The expressions of MnSOD and Bcl-2 in hippocampal tissue of mice in Rad group were significantly decreased,the expressions of Nrf2,Bax and HO-1 were significantly increased,and the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was also significantly increased.After intervention,he expressions of MnSOD,Nrf2 and HO-1 were significantly increased,and the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased.Conclusion:Ilex pu-bescens var.kwangsiensis improved cognitive dysfunction in mice after radiation,and the mechanism may be related to Nrf2 activation and regulation of HO-1 transcription and expression,reducing oxidative stress damage.

OBJECTIVETo detect FOXL2 gene mutation in a Chinese pedigree affected with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) type I, and to explore its genotype-phenotype correlation.

METHODSPeripheral blood samples were obtained from 3 patients and 19 healthy members from the pedigree for the isolation of genomic DNA. All exons and flanking sequences of the FOXL2 gene were amplified by PCR with 7 pairs of overlapping primers and sequenced.

RESULTSDNA sequencing indicated that the BPES phenotype in this pedigree was caused by a hotspot c.843_859dup17 mutation. The same mutation was not found among the healthy members of the pedigree.

CONCLUSIONThe c.843_859dup17 frameshift mutation probably underlies the BPES type I in this Chinese pedigree, which may manifest as either BEPS type I or type II.

Objective To evaluate the value of sperm acrosomal arginine enzyme activity in the diagnosis and treatment of male infertility by studying its relationship with sperm motility and morphology.Methods The sperm acrosomal arginine enzyme activity was detected by chemical colorimetric method,and the routine parameters of sperm and sperm morphology were detected by computer-aided analysis.Results There were significant differences on sperm concentration,motility and progressive motility between normal sperm acroso-mal arginine enzyme activity group and abnormal sperm acrosomal arginine enzyme activity group(P<0.05). The percentage of deformities in head,neck and middle segment were significant different between normal sperm acrosomal arginine enzyme activity group and abnormal sperm acrosomal arginine enzyme activity group (P<0.05).Conclusion T he activity of sperm acrosin is a very efficient marker in sperm quality,and an effec-tive indicator of the evaluation of sperm fertilization potential and the diagnosis of male infertility.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a cell-based system for the diagnosis of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency 1 (VKCFD1). METHODS: In HEK293 cells stably expressing the reporter gene FIX-Gla-PC, the gamma-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX) gene was knocked out by using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), DNA sequencing and Western blotting were used to identify the GGCX gene knockout cells. A quickchange point variant method was used to construct the GGCX variant. ELISA was used to assess the influence of GGCX variant on the activity of reporter gene. RESULTS: Two monoclonal cell lines with no reporter activity by ELISA was identified. Edition and knockout of the GGCX gene was confirmed by DNA sequencing and Western blotting. The activity of the reporter gene was recovered by transfection of the wild-type GGCX gene. Thereby two monoclonal cells with GGCX knockout were obtained. By comparing the wild-type and pathogenic GGCX variants, the reporter activity was decreased in the pathogenic variants significantly. CONCLUSION A cell-based system for the detection of GGCX activity was successfully developed, which can be used for the diagnosis of VKCFD1 caused by GGCX variants.

Objective: To analyze the chemical constituents of Morchella esculenta, and to determine the main activeingredient of it, so as to better control the quality of Morchella esculenta and promote the development and utilization of Morchella. Methods: The compounds were extracted and percolated by ethanol. The samples were separated using silicagel and identified by13C-NMR data. HPLC was used to assay the contents of 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol. Results: A totalof 5 compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as 11, 15, 19-trimethyl-5, 9-eicosadienoic acid, cis-13-Docosenoic acid&Erucic acid, 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol, Ergosta-5, 7, 22-triene-3β-ol and Mannitol. Conclusion: 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was first isolated from the Morchella esculenta fruiting body, and HPLC method for thedetermination of 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol was established. The content of 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol were no less than0.40％. The determination method can be used for quality control of Morchella esculenta.

Objective:To explore the clinical and molecular genetic characteristics of patients with maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 2(MODY2).Methods:Clinical data and laboratory results were collected from five MODY2 patients and their family members diagnosed in the Department of Endocrinology, Genetics, and Metabolism of Xi ′an Children′s Hospital in the recent two years. Whole exome sequencing was carried out on every proband to identify potential variants, then the suspected variants were verified with Sanger sequencing in family numbers.Results:Among the 5 probands, except for proband 4 who presented with polydipsia and polyuria, hyperglycemia in the rest of the children was accidentally identified. Urine routine, urinary protein, and blood lipid of the five probands were all normal, and HbA 1C was between 5.96% and 8.15%. Moreover, an important discovery in this study was that proband 5 had insulin resistance(IRS), which was different from previous studies. It was confirmed by genetic analysis that a glucokinase(GCK) gene variant existed in every MODY2 pedigree. There were four GCK variants in this study, including c. 146C>T(p.T49I), c. 1237T>G(p.Y413D), c. 683C>T(p.T228M) and c. 952G>T(p.G318W), among which the C. 1237T>G(P.y413d) and C. 952G>T(P.G318W) had not been reported till now. All probands received lifestyle intervention, and the blood glucose control was relatively stable. Conclusion:There is MODY2 patient complicated with IRS. MODY2 patients can be controlled well by lifestyle interventions. In addition, we discovered two novel variants of GCK, which extend the mutation spectrum of this gene.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of pig-tail catheter-assisted 6.5 F guiding catheter and 6 F guiding catheter in transradial interventional treatment of coronary artery lesions.Methods A total of 390 patients with coronary artery lesions,who received percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)at the Xijing Hospital of Air Force Medical University of China between January 2021 and June 2022,were enrolled in this study.By using the random number table method the patients were divided into pig-tail catheter-assistance group(n=130),6.5 F sheath group(n=130)and 6 F sheath group(n=130).The success rate of the guiding catheter being inserted in place,radial artery spasm,forearm pain or discomfort,forearm hematoma,radial artery wound compression time,hemostasis success rate,postoperative radial artery diameter,resolution time of distal swelling,pseudoaneurysm,and incidence of radial artery occlusion were compared between each other among the three groups.Results The differences in the time of guiding catheter being inserted in place,radial artery wound compression time,forearm hematoma,hemostasis success rate,postoperative radial artery diameter and incidence of radial artery occlusion between each other among the three groups were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).The differences in the intraoperative radial artery spasm and forearm pain or discomfort between 6.5 F sheath group and 6 F sheath group were not statistically significant(both P＞0.05).The degrees of radial artery spasm and forearm pain or discomfort in the pig-tail catheter-assistance group were remarkably lower than those in the 6.5 F sheath group and 6 F sheath group(both P＜0.05).Conclusion In transradial PCI,the use of 6.5 F guiding catheter carries the same safety and effectiveness as the use of 6 F guiding catheter,while the use of pig-tail catheter-assisted 6.5 F guiding catheter can improve radial artery spasm and reduce forearm pain.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1174-1177)