1.A Pilot trial of penile glans augmentation in 6 volunteers.
Sea Hoon CHIN ; Choong Hyun LEE
Journal of the Korean Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery 2000;6(2):162-164
No Abstract Available.
Volunteers*
2.Lived experiences of Filipino Red Cross volunteer nursing students in COVID-19 vaccination programs.
Ysabela Gabrielle D. Granado ; Anika Camille S. Oasan ; Nicole Rose G. Oyos ; Ma. Wyrona G. Quiambao ; Seth Matthew C. Reyes ; Ma. Denise Christine F. Riñ ; osa ; Arlly Mae M. Sanchez ; Janelle P. Castro ; Tricia Kaye F. Palola
Health Sciences Journal 2022;11(2):112-118
INTRODUCTION:
Student volunteers in COVID-19 vaccination activities help augment the health care workforce. However, there is a lack of literature that explores student volunteerism in the Philippines. This paper analyses the shared meanings of the lived experiences of volunteer nursing students during a pandemic.
METHODS:
Student nurses who had joined Red Cross vaccination activities were recruited by purposive sampling and interviewed online using a pilot-tested interview guide with open-ended questions. Participants were recruited until data saturation. The data collected was analyzed using Colaizzi’s Seven-Step Method.
RESULTS:
The study has identified two main themes that describe the phenomenon of student- nurse volunteerism during COVID-19 vaccination programs: 1) personal motivation and 2) perceived benefits and outcomes. There were four sub-themes under personal motivation - desire for personal growth, intrinsic altruism, past experiences and involvement in volunteer work, and opportunity for advocating against vaccine hesitancy. Perceived benefits and outcomes had two sub-themes - sense of fulfillment in the act of volunteering and opportunity for actual nurse-patient interaction.
CONCLUSION
The findings from the study suggest that, despite the lack of experience of working as frontliners during the COVID-19 vaccination programs, nursing students volunteered due to personal motivations and perceived benefits and outcomes.
Volunteers
3.Magnetization Transfer on T2-weighted Image: Magnetization Transfer Ratios in Normal Brain and CerebralLesions.
Myung Kwan LIM ; Hong Gee ROH ; Chang Hae SUH ; Young Kook CHO ; Hyung Jin KIM ; Jin Hee KIM ; Sung Tae KIM ; Sung Kyu CHOI
Journal of the Korean Radiological Society 1998;39(1):15-19
PURPOSE: To evaluate the magnetization transfer ratio(MTR) of various normal structures and pathologiclesions, as seen on magnetization transfer T2-weighted images (MT+T2WI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In ten normalvolunteers, T2-weighted images without MT (MT-T2WI) and with MT(MT+T2WI) were obtained. Off-set pulses used inMT+T2WI were 400, 600, 1000, 1500, and 2000Hz. In 60 clinical cases infarction(n=10), brain tumors(n=5), traumatichematomas(n=5), other hematomas(n=3) vascular malformation(n=2) white matter disease(n=2) normal(n=31) andothers(n=2), both MT-T2WI and MT+T2WI images were obtained using an off-set pulse of 600 Hz. In all volunteers andpatients, MTR in various normal brain parenchyma and abnormal areas was measured. RESULT: The MTRs of white andgray matter were 48% and 45% respectively at 400 Hz, 26% and 22% at 600Hz, 12% and 11% of 1000Hz, 10% and 9% 1500HZ, and 9% and 8% at 2000Hz of RF. The MTR of CSF was 43% at 400 Hz of off-resonance RF, while the contrastresolution of T2WI was poor. An off-resonance of 600Hz appeared to be the optimal frequency. In diseased areas,MTRs varied but were usually similar to or lower than those of brain parenchyma. CONCLUSION: The optimaloff-resonance RF on MT+T2WI appears to be 600 Hz for relatively high MTR of brain parenchyma and low MTR of CSF,in which MTRs of white and gray matter were 26% and 22%, respectively, of 600Hz off-set pulse. The MTRs ofcerebral lesions varied and further studies of various cerebral lesions are needed.
Brain*
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Volunteers
4.Use of autonomous maximal smile to evaluate dental and gingival exposure.
Shuai WANG ; Hengzhe LIN ; Yan YANG ; Xin ZHAO ; Li MEI ; Wei ZHENG ; Yu LI ; Zhihe ZHAO
The Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2018;48(3):182-188
OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to validate the autonomous maximal smile (AMS) as a new reference for evaluating dental and gingival exposure. METHODS: Digital video clips of 100 volunteers showing posed smiles and AMS at different verbal directives were recorded for evaluation a total of three times at 1-week intervals. Lip-teeth relationship width (LTRW) and buccal corridor width (BCW) were measured. LTRW represented the vertical distance between the inferior border of the upper vermilion and the edge of the maxillary central incisors. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for reproducibility, and the m-value (minimum number of repeated measurements required for an ICC level over 0.75), were calculated. RESULTS: LTRW and BCW of the AMS were 1.41 and 2.04 mm, respectively, greater than those of the posed smile (p < 0.05), indicating significantly larger dental and gingival exposure in the AMS. The reproducibility of the AMS (0.74 to 0.77) was excellent, and higher than that of the posed smile (0.62 to 0.65), which had fair-to-good reproducibility. Moreover, the m-value of the AMS (0.88 to 1.05) was lower than that of the posed smile (1.59 to 1.85). CONCLUSIONS: Compared to the posed smile, the AMS shows significantly larger LTRW and BCW, with significantly higher reproducibility. The AMS might serve as an adjunctive reference, in addition to the posed smile, in orthodontic and other dentomaxillofacial treatments.
Incisor
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Volunteers
5.Impact of Dim Artificial Light at Night (dALAN) Exposure during Sleep on Human Fatigue.
Ah Reum CHO ; Chul Hyun CHO ; Ho Kyoung YOON ; Joung Ho MOON ; Heon Jeong LEE ; Leen KIM
Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology 2016;23(2):53-60
OBJECTIVES: Exposure to light at night has become pervasive in modern society. The impact of dim artificial light at night (dALAN) exposure on sleep and fatigue is not well recognized. We aim to study the impact of dALAN exposure during sleep on human fatigue. METHODS: 30 healthy young male volunteers from 21 to 29 years old were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into two groups depending on light intensity (Group A : 5 lux and Group B : 10 lux). Data were gathered from each participant after each night with no light (Night 1) followed by the next night (Night 2) with two different dim light conditions (5 or 10 lux) by means of self-reported fatigue scale. RESULTS: Exposure to dALAN during sleep was significantly associated with increased overall fatigue (F = 19.556, p < 0.001) and ocular discomfort (F = 5.671, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: We found that dALAN during sleep likely affects human fatigue in some aspects. These findings indicate that dALAN during sleep exerts a negative effect on human fatigue.
Fatigue*
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Humans*
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Male
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Volunteers
6.Establishment of an open data policy for Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, appreciation for invited reviewers, and acknowledgement of volunteers who made audio recordings.
Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 2017;14(1):37-
No abstract available.
Health Occupations*
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Volunteers*
7.Comparison of shade changes according to dry/wet condition of teeth using intra-oral colorimeter.
Dong Hwan LEE ; Jung Suk HAN ; Jae Ho YANG ; Jai Bong LEE
The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics 2005;43(3):314-321
OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to compare the shade changes in wet and dry conditions of natural teeth using two different intra-oral colorimeters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty volunteer subjects have no restorations and fillings in the maxillary central incisors were involved in this clinical study. The color of tooth was measured by two different instruments that were a Shade Scan(TM) System and a VITA Easyshade(R), Five times consecutive measurements were done for each subject with both instruments. Groups of measurement are an initial wet condition as control, dry in 5 minutes, 15 seconds after re-wetting with saliva, re-wetting after 5minutes and re-wetting after 30 minutes. Using ShadeScan System(TM), tooth image was captured and converted to the mapping image of Vitapan 3D master. Three main shades were chosen from each subject and calculated the area in Global Lab Image software. Data were analyzed using paired T-Test and Wilcoxon Signed Ranked Test. Using VITA Easyshade(R), color differences(deltaE) between measurements were analyzed with one sample T-test. RESULTS: Using ShadeScan System(TM), there were significant differences between control group and dry(P=.023), dry and re-wetting 15 seconds, 5 minutes, 30 minutes as well(P=.021, P=.017, P=.030) in comparison of primary shade. However, comparing three main shades, there was no significant difference between control and dry(P=.105). Using VITA Easyshade(R), color differences(deltaE) between control and dry, dry and re-wetting 30 minutes were statistically different(P=.002, P=.022). CONCLUSION: Primary shade could be changed in dry and wetting procedure in time, however there was no significant shade changes in overall.
Incisor
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Saliva
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Tooth*
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Volunteers
8.Saccadic Velocity in Normal Eyes.
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 1988;29(3):369-372
Saccadic velocity was measured using Life-Tech's Visulab apparatus(saccadic velocity measuring module) in 37 healthy males aged from 24 to 25 yrs. Interfixational amplitude was 30 degrees(15 degrees left from the center and 15degree right from the center) and each fixation lamp was on for one second alternately and volunteers were instructed to fix left target for one second and then right target for one second alternately. Saccadic velocities were measured three times and these results were averaged. The mean saccadic velocity toward right and left was 578 degrees +/- 84/sec and mean saccadic velocity from right to left was 576 degrees +/- 88/sec and that from left to right was 580 degrees +/- 81/sec. There was no statisiticaly significant velocity difference between leftward and rightward velicities.
Humans
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Male
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Volunteers
9.Saccadic Velocity in Normal Eyes.
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 1988;29(3):369-372
Saccadic velocity was measured using Life-Tech's Visulab apparatus(saccadic velocity measuring module) in 37 healthy males aged from 24 to 25 yrs. Interfixational amplitude was 30 degrees(15 degrees left from the center and 15degree right from the center) and each fixation lamp was on for one second alternately and volunteers were instructed to fix left target for one second and then right target for one second alternately. Saccadic velocities were measured three times and these results were averaged. The mean saccadic velocity toward right and left was 578 degrees +/- 84/sec and mean saccadic velocity from right to left was 576 degrees +/- 88/sec and that from left to right was 580 degrees +/- 81/sec. There was no statisiticaly significant velocity difference between leftward and rightward velicities.
Humans
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Male
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Volunteers
10.Sperm Morphology Analysis Using Strict Criteria in Assessing Normal and Amorphus Sperm.
Hae Won LEE ; Soo Woond KIM ; Won Jin YI ; Kwang Suk PARK ; Jae Seung PAICK
Korean Journal of Andrology 1998;16(1):71-77
PURPOSE: We evaluated the validity and reproducibility of sperm morphology analysis using strict criteria to compare the difference in the percentages of normal and amorphous morphology as seen by two staining methods (Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou)with the eventual goal of developing a computer-assisted sperm morphology assessment system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen samples were obtained from 10 volunteers and stained by the Diff-Quik and Papanicolaou staining methods. Under 1000-fold oil-immersion magnification, the slides were examined by two experienced observers, and the screens were transferred to the monitor using a CCD camera. A calibrated transparent overlay was used to distinguish between normal and abnormal morphology according to strict criteria. One hundred spermatozoa for each sample were analyzed by two experienced observers. RESULTS: In Diff-Quik staining, intraobserver and interobserver correlation coefficients for normal and amorphous sperm were 0.862 (p<0.05), 0.916 (p<0.05) and 0.857 (p<0.05), 0.890 (p<0.05), respectively. In Papanicolaou staining, intraobserver correlation coefficients for normal and amorphous sperm were 0.832 (p<.05), 0.877 (p<0.05) and 0.846 (p<0.05) and 0.865 (p<0.05), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Assessing normal and abnormal spem abnormal sperm morphology using strict criteria produces reproducible results between and within observers. Also, there were good correlations between the two staining methods in assessing normal and amorphous morphology. This study presents the basic data for the development of computer-assisted sperm morphology assessment system. New techniques should be developed to analyze amorphous sperm.
Semen
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Spermatozoa*
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Volunteers