An 18-year-old Malay gentleman was noted to have profound bilateral blurred vision for one month duration, associated with loss of weight, appetite, low grade fever and abdominal distension. Visual acuity on presentation was 6/60 on the right, counting finger on the left with no afferent pupillary defect. Anterior segments were unremarkable. Vitreous cells were occasional bilaterally. Fundus revealed multiple choroidal and sub-retinal Roth spots with areas of pre-retinal and intra-retinal haemorrhages, involving the macula in the left eye. Vessels were dilated and tortuous in all quadrants of the right eye. Many areas of capillary fall out at peripheral retina were demonstrated in fundus fluorescein angiogram. Further systemic and laboratory review confirmed the diagnosis of CML and chemotherapy was initiated. Both eye ischaemic retinopathy secondary to CML was confirmed and scatter pan retinal photocoagulation was performed bilaterally. Good improvement in vision noted during subsequent follow up to 6/24 on the right, 6/60 on the left. High levels of suspicion and accurate early recognition of fundus changes are vital in these types of cases to ensure the institution of prompt treatment.
Vision Disorders

No abstract available.
Aged* ; Humans ; Vision Disorders

No abstract available.
Stroke ; Vision Disorders

Visual loss is one of the ocular symptoms resulting from a carotid cavernous fistula (CCF), but has rarely been reported as the sole manifestation in CCF. Visual impairment is known to be associated with a poor outcome unless timely intervention is employed. Herein, the authors report a patient with bilateral rapid progressing visual loss as a sole manifestation in CCF. Vision was successfully restored by transarterial embolization. The authors discuss the necessity of urgent fistula obliteration in patients with visual loss.
Caves ; Fistula ; Humans ; Vision Disorders ; Vision, Ocular

Objective: The primary goal of this study was to determine the effect of visual impairment (VI) on the quality of life (QoL) in children aged 3-7 years. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study involving 138 parents or caregivers of children aged 3-7 years from Pediatric Ophthalmology and General Ophthalmology Clinics of a tertiary government hospital. The Filipino version of the Children’s Visual Function Questionnaire (CVFQ3plus), an instrument that measures the impact of visual impairment on the QoL of children aged 3-7 years and their families, was used. It has 6 subscales: general health, general vision, competence, personality, family impact, and treatment. T-test was used to compare the total index QoL score and subscale scores between children with VI (n=69) and the control group (n=69). The multivariate regression model based on the total index QoL score in children with VI was used to assess the effect of other demographic factors. Results: Children with VI had significantly lower total index QoL score (p=0.02), general vision (p=0.04), competence (p=0.00), and personality (p=0.02) subscale scores than the control group. The visual acuity of children with VI had a significant effect on the total index QoL score (p=0.04). Demographic factors like patient’s age and sex, and parental age, sex and educational attainment had no effect on total index QoL score. Conclusion Visual impairment has a negative effect on the quality of life of Filipino children aged 3-7 years as shown by the use of the CVFQ3plus.
Vision Disorders ; Quality of Life ; Vision, Low

A rare case of sphenoid sinus mucopyocele with visual impairment and opthalmoplegia is presented. Clinical presentations including headache, opthalmoplegia, visual disturbance and ptosis are caused by local extension of the mucopyocele of the sphenoid sinus. The authors report a mucrpyocele involving the sphenoid sinus with a brief review of the literature.
Headache ; Sphenoid Sinus* ; Vision Disorders

Background: Vision impairment impacts children’s physical well-being, psychological state, and productivity. The Impact of Vision Impairment for Children (IVI_C) is a vision-specific pediatric instrument designed to assess the effects of visual impairment on the quality of life (QoL) in children aged 8 to 18 years who have no additional disabilities. It measures quality of life to assess the needs of children with low vision and outcomes of interventions by deriving answers from both children and their caregivers. Objectives: The primary objective of the study was to determine the effect of visual impairment on the quality of life of children aged 8 to 18 years. Methods: This was an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study conducted at the Outpatient Department of the University of the Philippines-Philippine General Hospital, Sentro Oftalmologico Jose Rizal (SOJR), General and Pediatric Ophthalmology Clinics. We included children 8 to 18 years of age with best corrected visual acuity of less than or equal to 20/40 in the better-seeing eye for the visually impaired (VI) group. The control group included children aged 8 to 18 years with best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 to 20/30 in both eyes. Participants underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination, including the determination of visual acuity using the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study( ETDRS ) chart prior to administration of the Filipino version of IVI_C questionnaire. After the ophthalmologic examination and prior to end of the medical consultation, the investigator administered the questionnaire to the children and their parents. Results: A total of 133 participants were included in the study, 67 in the visually impaired group and 66 in the control group. Participants had a median age of 10 years (range, 8 to 18), and 54% were female. Overall QoL scores and sub-scores across domains were significantly lower in the visually impaired group compared to the control group. The mean total and domain IVI_C scores progressively declined with increasing severity of visual impairment. The mean (±SD) total score ranged from 56 ± 6 in the mildly impaired to 42 ± 8 in the severe bilateral impairment group. On multivariate analysis, the significant predictors of quality of life were visual impairment and age. Quality of life of children with visual impairment is lower by 33.59 points (95% CI -35.82 to -31.36) than those in the control group. The QoL score increased by 0.579 per one unit increase in age. This model explained 87.05% of the variance in the IVI_C scores (p < 0.01). Conclusion Children with visual impairment have significantly decreased IVI_C and quality of life scores, overall and across domains. Lower scores are associated with increased severity of visual impairment.
Vision Disorders ; Quality of Life ; Child

Sclerosing pseudotumor of the orbit is a unique clinico-pathological entity which is characterized by an insidious, chronic and progressive fibrosing process damaging orbital structures.As this entity forms immunologically mediated fibrosis even in early phase and frequently involves orbital apex and adjacent intracranial structures, it can cause severe ocular symptoms, visual impairments and even can threaten the life. We report clinical characteristics of nine biopsy-proven cases of sclerosing pseudotumor of the orbit.Five cases out of them have shown clinical improvement with combined therapeutic approach of surgical debulking, systemic steroids therapy, radiation therapy, and immunosuppressive therapy. We believe that prompt diagnosis through biopsy, early introduction of radiation therapy and immunosuppressive therapy are the most rational, currently available treatment for sclerosing pseudotumor of the orbit.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Fibrosis ; Orbit* ; Steroids ; Vision Disorders

Humans ; Vision Disorders/etiology* ; Visual Acuity

Background and Objectives: The study determined the prevalence and causes of childhood blindness and visual impairment (VI) in the hospital and determined the association between risk factors and dimensions affecting eye care utilization and VI severity. Methodology This is a retrospective cross-sectional study which included 318 records of pediatric patients who consulted at the Baguio General Hospital and Medical Center (BGHMC) in 2018.
Vision Disorders ; Blindness ; Cataract ; Refractive Errors