Background: \r\n', u'Chicken embryo cell was the most effective fibroblast cell line for producing the attenuated measles vaccines. Many countries as Japan, in Kitasato, an attenuated virus derived from the Edmonston virulent strain adapted in chick embryo cells, it was call AIK- C strain, and used for measles vaccine production. In Vietnam, the POLYVAC have applied the Kitasato institute\u2019s technology into measles vaccines production. The Valo SPF egg (Lohmann-Germany) was used in the chick embryo culture \r\n', u'Objectives: \r\n', u'To study the inoculation, and clone of the human AIK-C strain in the chick embryo in order to achieve a high yield of virus for measles vaccine production \r\n', u'Subjects and method:\r\n', u'Suitablecells (AIK- C Strain, an attenuated virus derived from the Edmonston virulent strain, chicken embryo cell cultured from SPF egg Valo Germany) are selected. Then methods as inoculating and culturinglive viruses on the chicken embryo cell are applied.\r\n', u'Results:\r\n', u'After 9 days for infection, viruses which were observed via microscope, propagated and in infectious clone by the measles virus.\r\n', u'Conclusion: \r\n', u'Many tests for propagation of AIK measles virus in chicken embryo cell cuture derived from Valo SPF egg (Germany) showed that chicken embryo cell culture from Valo SPF egg (Germany) is appropriated fro AIK- C measles vaccine production in Vietnam.\r\n', u'
Measles virus ;

Noabstract available.
Hantaan virus*

Zika virus (ZIKV) has re-emerged to cause explosive epidemics in the Pacific and Latin America, and appears to be associated with severe neurological complications including microcephaly in babies. ZIKV is transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes, principally Ae. aegypti, and there is historical evidence of ZIKV circulation in Southeast Asia. It is therefore clear that Malaysia is at risk of similar outbreaks. Local and international guidelines are available for surveillance, diagnostics, and management of exposed and infected individuals. ZIKV is the latest arbovirus to have spread globally beyond its initial restricted niche, and is unlikely to be the last. Innovative new methods for surveillance and control of vectors are needed to target mosquito-borne diseases as a whole.
Zika Virus

Rabies virus

Eighteen (18) cases of Chikungunya (or a very close related virus) infection, a newly observed clinical entity in the Philippines, are presented. Diagnosis was established by serological studies consisting of hemagglutination- inhibition (HI) and complement fixation (CF) tests. The clinical picture is characterized by a symptom-complex consisting essentially of fever, severe, incapacitating, recurrent joint pains and a rash. There is no involvement of the respiratory system and no bleeding tendencies were observed. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate was elevated, more so towards the later part of the illness. The platelet counts were normal. No residual joint deformity morbidity or mortality was encountered.
Chikungunya virus

No Abstract Available.
Korea* ; Mumps virus* ; Mumps*

No abstract available.
Infectious bursal disease virus*

No absract available.
Torque teno virus*

Background Nha Trang Institute of Vaccines Medical Biologicals has produced successfully vaccine for human influenza A/H5N1 in embryonic chicken eggs. Effectiveness of the vaccine immune response is highly dependent on the type of adjuvant used.\r\n', u'Objective: To study adjuvants for preparing A/H5N1 influenza vaccine.\r\n', u'Subjects and methods: The study used a comparative approach on capacity to increase the immune response of various adjuvants AIPO4, Chitosan and Freund tested in mice. Experiment of erythrocyte agglutination reaction is used to measure levels of antibody response in mice blood. The process of weight gain in mice after injection of vaccine adjuvant mixture is monitored.\r\n', u'Results: HA antibody level of the vaccine adjuvant mixture is higher than of the vaccine without adjuvant. Capacity of stimulating immune response of Chitosan adjuvant is higher than AlPO4. Repeat injection on day 20th is suitable for vaccine with AlPO4or vaccine without adjuvant. Repeat injection is after day 20th for vaccine with Chitosan or Freund depending on the amount of residual antibody in the blood. \r\n', u'Capacity of stimulating immune response of Freund adjuvant is the best in the 3 adjuvants but the safety of this adjuvant is low\r\n', u' Freund adjuvant should be used only for animals. When using Freund adjuvant to induce immunity to animals it should determine the amount of antibodies causing immune before repeating.\r\n', u'Conclusion: Freund adjuvant should be used only for animals. \r\n', u'\r\n', u'
Influenza A Virus ; H5N1 Subtype

Fracture of the shaft of femur and tibia in children aged from 4 to 17 sometimes caused the problem in reduction and immobilization and needed an osteosynthesis. Among the internal fixation procedures, intramedullary nailing by using Metaizeau’s flexible wire under C-arm control showed the best way and the best choice. 30 fractures of the shaft of femur and tibia failed in conservative treatment have been operated by above methods with successful results since Jan-1996 to February-2000 in Saint-Paul hospital. The advantages of the method were noted as no opening fracture focus, no bleeding, no risk of infection, short stay in hospital and no need of cast immobilization. So patients will come back soon to theirs activities and school.
Hepatitis A virus ; Serologic Tests