Cochlear Implantation ; Humans ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiology

Cognition ; Humans ; Vestibular Diseases ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

OBJECTIVETo explore the normal values of vestibular autorotation test (VAT) in young people.

METHODSVAT was performed in 31 young people aged 20-30 years. The measured value were analyzed and compared with the reference normal value.

RESULTSThe measured values of VAT in healthy young people are almost within the normal range of the general population. Compared with the reference normal values, the horizontal gains at 2.0, 2.3, 2.7, 5.5, and 5.9 Hz, the vertical gains at 2.0 and 5.9 Hz, and the vertical phases at 2.0, 2.3, 2.7, 3.1, 3.5, and 3.9 Hz were significantly different (P < 0. 05). No significant difference was shown in the horizontal phases and asymmetry.

CONCLUSIONSThe normal values of VAT in young people is within the reference normal range of the general population. The vestibular function of young people may be more sensitive in lower frequency range (2-3Hz).

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reference Values ; Vestibular Function Tests ; standards ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; chemistry ; physiology ; Young Adult

This review focuses on our effort in addressing the development and lesion-induced plasticity of the gravity sensing system. After severance of sensory input from one inner ear, there is a bilateral imbalance in response dynamics and spatial coding behavior between neuronal subpopulations on the two sides. These data provide the basis for deranged spatial coding and motor deficits accompanying unilateral labyrinthectomy. Recent studies have also confirmed that both glutamate receptors and neurotrophin receptors within the bilateral vestibular nuclei are implicated in the plasticity during vestibular compensation and development. Changes in plasticity not only provide insight into the formation of a spatial map and recovery of vestibular function but also on the design of drugs for therapeutic strategies applicable to infants or vestibular disorders such as vertigo and dizziness.
Animals ; Humans ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neurons ; physiology ; Otolithic Membrane ; innervation ; physiology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; innervation ; physiology

BACKGROUND: Bohmer and Straumann have proposed that downbeat nystagmus is due to an asymmetry of the geometry of the vertical semicircular canals of the vestibular labyrinth. This hypothesis does not predict any sustained change in vertical nystagmus when subjects are placed in a head-upside-down position. METHODS: Using the magnetic search coil technique, I measured vertical eye movements in darkness in three normal human subjects while they maintained head-erect or head-upside-down positions. RESULTS: Two subjects had upbeat nystagmus and one downbeat nystagmus with their heads erect (slow-phase velocity < 1 deg/sec). All developed sustained nystagmus with quick phases directed towards their chins while in the head-upside-down position. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that factors other than canal imbalance - otolithic or ocular - may also cause downbeat nystagmus.
Cerebellum ; Chin ; Darkness* ; Eye Movements ; Head ; Humans ; Nystagmus, Pathologic ; Otolithic Membrane ; Semicircular Canals ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

Hearing loss caused by cochlear damage is the main symptom of sudden deafness (SD). Some patients also suffer from vestibular symptoms. In recent years, more attention has been paid to the vestibular dysfunction in patients with SD. The lesions could involve the whole inner ear in SD patients with and without vertigo. Comprehensive evaluation of vestibular function may help us understand the extent of lesions in sudden deafness and analyze the pathogenesis of disease. A less involvement of inner ear lesion may indicate a better hearing recovery.
Cochlea ; injuries ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Vertigo ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of the vestibular diagnosis and treatment system (SRM-IV ) in diagnosis and treatment of patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). METHOD: Patients who were diagnosed as BPPV by SRM-TV in the clinic of our hospital from November 2013 to October 2014 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. RESULT: Among 425 suspected cases, 230 BPPV-positive patients were diagnosed including 131 cases of posterior SC (57.0%), 95 cases of horizontal SC (41.3%) and 4 cases of more than two SC (1.7%). The cure rate by SRM-V was 94.6% and the effective rate was 100.0%. The relapsed occurred in 10 patients (4.8%), which contained 4 men and 6 women. CONCLUSION SRM-V can realize 360° reasonable repositioning procedure while Canalish reposition procedure cannot. SRM-V can improve both the corrective rate of diagnosis and the cure rate, especially for the patients who suffered from complex BPPV.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Patient Positioning ; Retrospective Studies ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Partial resection of vestibular labyrinth has a great interest to all otologists and neurotologists. Various materials have been applied for occlusion of semicircular canals with different postoperative hearing results. However, the most suitable material for occlusion has not determined yet. Authors tried to compare the occlusion materials through a histologic study in experimental animals. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The lateral semicircular canal (LSCC) was transected, and the canal lumens were occluded with bone dust, muscle or bone wax in chinchillas. Thresholds for the auditory brainstem response (ABR) were measured after occlusion for two months, and histologic changes of LSCC were observed. RESULTS: Periosteal osteogenesis at the surgical defects of LSCC and perilymphatic fibrosis in the canal lumen were remarkable in the bone dust and muscle groups. The bone wax group showed minimal osteoneogenesis and some degree of perilymphatic inflammation (serous labyrinthitis). CONCLUSION: This study showed complications of each occlusion material. The proper selection of an occlusion material based on its characteristics seems to be important for a successful partial labyrinthectomy.
Animals ; Chinchilla* ; Dust ; Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem ; Fibrosis ; Hearing ; Inflammation ; Osteogenesis ; Semicircular Canals* ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

Intracranial lipomas are unfrequent tumors developed from mesenchymatous cells. The corpus callosum is the most frequent location (50%) in the intracranial regions, and these tumors are rarely present in the cerebellopontine angle, the internal acoustic meatus, or intravestibular lesions. With a review of literature, authors report a rare case of the left-sided intravestibular lipoma presented as sudden hearing loss in 17-year-old female. Furthermore, differential diagnostic magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of lipomas are discussed in detail.
Acoustics ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; Corpus Callosum ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; Humans ; Lipoma ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Vestibule, Labyrinth

Aged ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; pathology ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; Larynx ; pathology ; Vestibule, Labyrinth