Cancer prevention by vegetable diet has received considerable attention in recent years. In the past these attributes of vegetables were based more on beliefs than on scientific evidences. But over the past few decades many studies have been performed about that. Cancer preventive components of many vegetables have been studied in experimental carcinogenesis models. These studies have reported on these components influence carcinogenesis during initiation and promotion phases of cancer development. Also, epidemiological studies and clinical trials have reported cancer preventive effects of vegetables. However, there is no comprehensive summary of cancer preventive effects with the types of vegetables. In this review, we classified the vegetables and described the mechanism of action of active components of vegetables, experimental studies, and clinical trials. Results revealed a negative correlation between consumption of vegetables and cancer risk. But we can't still conclude the effects of vegetables yet, so further studies would be necessary for final conclusion.
Diet ; Vegetables

Vegetable samples collected in Vu Phuc commune (Thai Binh province) were investigated for worm egg contamination. A 50% cumulative contamination rate was found among the investigated samples, of which Ascaris was 48.8%, Trichuris 42.2%, hookworm 17.8%. The intensity of contamination per 100gr of vegetable was 14+/-7.2 with Ascaris, 10.2+/- 5.6 with Trichuris, 4.4+/-1.8 with hookworm. The contamination rate was 60% in the samples of leaf-eating and raw-eating and 50% in root-eating vegetable. Dead eggs were found in 12.2% and developing eggs were found in 44.4% of samples.
Helminths ; Vegetables

The cross-sectional study with interviews people who exposed to chemicals for plant protection at 528 households in vegetable areas in Thai Nguyen city showed that: the rate of people directly exposing to pesticides in study group is very high (34.8%). 55.3% of people exposing to pesticides are women, 20% out of them under 18 and over 60 years old. Knowledge and practice on safety in using pesticides are even low. Common manifestations: tiredness, headache, dizziness, numbness account for 3.1-48.1%. The rate of nerve and dermal diseases is relatively high
Agrochemicals ; Vegetables

From July 2001 to Jan 2002, in 5 various locations along the Set River and KimNguu River in ThanhTri rural district in Hanoi, 120 samples of vegetable irrigated with waste water from these rivers were studied on. The 3,33% of samples had got positive reaction to Asc mousearis egg ;36,7% to Cryptosporidium and 45% to Cyclospora
Parasites ; Intestinal Diseases ; Vegetables

Genus Oxalis L. belonging to the Oxalidaceae R. Br. family. Another species belonging to the Genus Oxalis L. known as “Khe dat”, an annual medicinal plant has recently been found in Tien Phuoc district, Quang Nam province in 2002. This plant has scientific name Oxalis barrelieri L., its origin comes from the South American, it also grows in Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and etc. The juice of the fresh leave is used for sunstroke, influenza and headache. The fresh leaves and young branches are also used as vegetables.
Plants ; Plants, Medicinal ; Vegetables

Research on farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practice of safety vegetable production process showed that: the incident of farmers had knowledge of safety vegetable production was 50.98%, in which 37.19% was aware of IPM, 57.10% was aware of safety vegetable criterion. 83.74% of the farmer used dried and powdered night soil, 100% used nitrogen fertilizer and 2.95% applied fertilizer-water for vegetables. The incident of farmers using covered fertilizer was rather high (97.06%). However, the time for covering the fertilizer from 3 to 6 months was 95.17% in Van Xuan, and 63.14% in Vu Phuc. 85.0% of the farmers used dried and powdered night soil for leaf-eating vegetables, 61.17% used this kind of fertilizer for tuber-eating vegetables. The amount of nitrogen fertilizer was at normal level < 100 kg/ha/crop. Many poisonous chemicals were forbidden such as Moniter, Wofatox are still being used by Vu Phuc farmers. The time isolating the chemical was 10 days in Van Xuan (100%), in Vu Phuc (58.86%)
Vegetables ; Safety ; Knowledge ; Attitude

Investigaition was conducted in the year 2002 on 322 households of vegetable cultivator in Tuc Duyen commune, Thai Nguyen city. Vegetable samples were collected randomly to determine residues of pesticide using gaz-chromatography. In 3 kinds of common vegetable, pesticide residues were detected (bean 60%, bindweed 70%, cabbage 80%). In an average of 70% of samples, residues were detected. Soaking and washing reduced the chemical concentration in vegetable from 27.1% to 50%, depending on the kind of chemical and vegetable. In bindweed 71.4% of samples were contaminated with at least 2 kinds of chemicals. The awareness and practice of cultivators and users were very restricted, lacking of protective means
Pesticides ; Vegetables ; Pesticide Residues

This study aims at investigating the psychosocial factors that influence on the intake of fruits and vegetables according to stage of change in rural children. Total 256 elementary school children, located in Yeongi-Gun, Chungnam-Do were surveyed from May 14 2007 to May 30 2007. Stage of change on the intake of fruits and vegetables of the students was categorized into three stages: precontemplation (PC), contemplation & preparation (CO&PR) and action (AC). Psychosocial factors consist of decisional balance based on pros and cons, process of change of cognitive and behavioral processes, and self-efficacy. The recognition of cons out of decisional balance showed the highest score in the subjects at the stage of PC and lowest score in those action stage. While, no difference was shown in the score of recognition of pros among the stages. Both levels of cognitive and behavioral process of change showed no difference between two pre-action stages, PC and CO&PR. However, the subjects of action stages got higher scores in more number of the variables in both of cognitive and behavioral process of change compared to those of pre-action stages with more remarkable in results vegetables than in fruits. The results of self-efficacy on fruits and vegetables intake showed that the higher stages of change, the higher the self-efficacy score. From the result, it is suggested that the items and level of psychosocial factors are different according to the stage of change and between fruits and vegetables in rural children.
Child ; Fruit ; Humans ; Vegetables

Background: The 2019 Expanded National Nutrition Survey results showed that the contribution of fruits and vegetables (FV) in the one-day food intake of adolescents only accounted for 2.6% and 5.9%, respectively. Numerous literatures also stated that insufficient intake of FV is associated with the development of most non-communicable diseases. Objectives: This study was undertaken to compare the knowledge and consumption of FV between selected respondents from public and private SHS in Imus City. Methods: The study used a descriptive research design, and convenience sampling was done to gather respondents. A self-administered questionnaire was developed and the level of knowledge on FV was classified into low, fair, and good. In the evaluation of FV amount consumption, the Daily Nutrition Guide Pyramid for Teens was used. The data were reported in mean, mode, and percentages. Results: More public SHS (49%) obtained a good level of knowledge on nutrient contents of FV, and consumed fruits (61%) more than the recommended daily serving. While more private SHS (96%) had a good level of knowledge of its health benefits but consumed vegetables (67%) less than the recommended daily serving. Their most consumed vegetables were dahon ng sili and garlic. The most consumed fruits were Indian mango and pear. Squash (47%) was the most liked vegetable by both groups. The majority of public SHS identified banana (37%) as their most liked fruit while it was mango (22%) for the majority of private SHS. Public SHS respondents were also recorded to have a lower average estimated family expenditure on FV. Conclusion The study concluded that both public and private SHS do not consume adequate amounts of FV despite their good level of knowledge of its nutrients and health benefits.
Knowledge ; Economics ; Fruit ; Vegetables

To determine the salinity of packaged Kimchi, bulk Kimchi and other common foods, we collected samples of foods from the Gyeonggi province area in October 2006 and determined the salinity levels in one serving portion. The average salinity of all foods was 0.226+/-0.212%. The average salinity of all Kimchi samples was 0.401+/-0.260%. The average salinities of soups, stews, protein containing side dishes, vegetable side dishes and drinks were 0.153+/-0.085%, 0.691+/-0.213%, 0.157+/-0.102%, 0.209+/-0.127% and 0.080+/-0.076%, respectively. The average salt intake of one serving of Kimchi was 0.125+/-0.041 g, while the average salt intakes of one serving of the soups, stews, protein containing side dishes, vegetable side dishes and drinks were 0.306+/-0.170 g, 1.382+/-0.426 g, 0.094+/-0.061 g, 0.146+/-0.089 g, and 0.159+/-0.152 g, respectively. The salinity of packaged Kimchi was significantly higher than the salinity of the bulk Kimchi (p<0.01). In addition, the salinity of the liquid and solid stem portions of the packaged Kimchi was significantly higher than the salinity of the same sized portions of the bulk Kimchi (p<0.01). Furthermore, the salinity in the liquid and solid stem portions of the packaged mustard leaf Kimchi were significantly higher than the salinities of other types of Kimchi (p<0.0001). The salinity of all Kimchi is higher than that of soup, protein containing side dishes, vegetable side dishes or drinks, but the salt content of one serving of Kimchi is lower than those of the soups or stews or vegetable side dishes or drinks (because one serving size of Kimchi is usually smaller than that of the other foods).
Korea ; Mustard Plant ; Salinity ; Vegetables