No abstract available.
Vascular Malformations*

Vascular malformations of the uterus are rare, but could be a cause of life-threatening profuse abnormal uterine bleeding. Most reported cases in the literature are the arteriovenous malformations (AVM’s), arterio-venous (AV) fistulas or pseudoaneurysms. The true incidence is not yet known though they represent about 1-2% of all the genital and intraperitoneal hemorrhages. AVM is an abnormal connection between uterine arteries and veins while pseudoaneurysm or false aneurysm is an extraluminal collection of blood with turbulent flow that communicates with the parent vessel through a defect in the arterial wall. Both conditions could cause profuse or torrential abnormal uterine bleeding after uterine surgery, manipulation, or cesarean section or any procedures that could cause injury to the uterus. Treatment options or modalities are similar for both. The treatment of choice whether conservatively or surgically depends on the symptoms, age, desire for future fertility, location and size of the lesion. Pelvic angiography is the gold standard diagnostic modality, though transvaginal ultrasound with color Doppler provides a valuable, non- invasive and readily accessible initial diagnostic procedure. Uterine artery embolization is the treatment of choice in symptomatic patients desirous of future fertility. We report a case of AVM after dilatation and curettage (D&C) for missed abortion and pseodoaneurysm after cesarean section(CS) which were initially diagnosed with transvaginal color Doppler ultrasound – as vascular malformation (AVM versus AV-fistula vs. Pseudoaneurysm), prior to angiography and successfully treated by uterine artery embolization.
Vascular Malformations

No abstract available.
Vascular Malformations

The main causes of pineal apoplexy are hemorrhage associated with pineal region tumors, vascular malformations, and pineal cysts. Cavernous malformations rarely occur in the pineal region, with only fifteen cases reported previously. Hemorrhage associated with cavernous malformation causes apoplectic event in the pineal region. We report two surgically treated cases of pineal hemorrhage associated with cavernous malformation and discuss the consideration in management of the pineal apoplexy.
Hemorrhage ; Stroke ; Vascular Malformations

The main causes of pineal apoplexy are hemorrhage associated with pineal region tumors, vascular malformations, and pineal cysts. Cavernous malformations rarely occur in the pineal region, with only fifteen cases reported previously. Hemorrhage associated with cavernous malformation causes apoplectic event in the pineal region. We report two surgically treated cases of pineal hemorrhage associated with cavernous malformation and discuss the consideration in management of the pineal apoplexy.
Hemorrhage ; Stroke ; Vascular Malformations

This is a case of a fetus with a complex cystic structure on the mid-thorax to the lumbar area detected by ultrasonography at 23 weeks age of gestation. There were no other structural abnormalities noted. The fetal Doppler of the middle cerebral and umbilical arteries were normal. The increase in size of the cystic mass, diagnosed as lymphangioma, and the appearance of pleural effusion at 27 weeks age of gestation prompted further surveillance with magnetic resonance imaging. It showed an extensive subcutaneous mass involving the right thoraco- lumbar region, to consider hemangioma. Expectant management, bringing the pregnancy close to term as possible, was planned. However, the progression of the effusion to the bilateral hemithorax and presence of fetal ascites led to the cesarean delivery of a live preterm male with a birthweight of 1,885 grams (4 lbs 1 oz), maturity index of 29 weeks and an Apgar score of 4, 7, 8 at the first, fifth and tenth minute of life. There was a 15 x 13 cm hemangiolymphangioma on the right thoraco-lumbar area. An ultrasound-guided thoracentesis was done to help alleviate fetal distress. The infant was observed in the neonatal intensive care unit and was sent home stable. Presently, the hemangiolymphangioma is gradually resolving.
Vascular Malformations ; Lymphangioma ; Hemangioma

Hemangioma ; Humans ; Vascular Malformations

OBJECTIVE: To present a case of arteriovenous malformation of the mandible in a young postpartum woman and discuss the diagnostic and therapeutic dilemmas involved.

METHODS:

          Design: Case Report

          Setting: Tertiary Private Teaching Hospital

          Participant: One (1)

RESULT: A 27-year-old woman with left mandibular swelling two weeks after tooth extraction was diagnosed and managed as a case of arteriovenous malformation. The extent of the lesion prevented surgical intervention and bleeding recurred despite three embolization attempts. Ultimately, the left external carotid artery and contralateral dorsal contributory vessel were sacrificed causing necrosis of the anterior tongue and its eventual detachment. Three sessions of stereotactic radiosurgery eventually controlled the bleeding with no recurrence to date.

CONCLUSION: On her second month following stereotactic radiosurgery, there appeared to be no complete resolution of the AVM but there was also no recanalization or regrowth of the lesion. Uncertain about whether her arteriovenous malformation will revascularize and how we may be able to help her in the event that it does, the waiting game continues for our patient.

Stereotactic radiosurgery is an effective and widely used surgical procedure for the management of cerebral vascular malformations. Long-term analysis of results has led to an evolution in technique and patient selection, a better understanding of the safe and effective dose reponse, and of the risks to surrounding normal tissue. Radiosurgery is a minimally invasive technique but is not risk-free. Successful AVM obliteration depends on proper stereotactic nidus definition and delivery of an adequate radiosurgery dose.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Patient Selection ; Radiosurgery* ; Vascular Malformations

Developmental venous anomalies (DVAs) are hemodynamically low flow, low resistance vascular malformations without clinical significance. Although most DVAs are asymptomatic and are found incidentally, sometimes they can be symptomatic with intracerebral hemorrhage, many of which are usually caused by associated cavernous malformations (CMs) rather than the DVAs themselves. Only a few cases have been reported in the literature where an intracerebral hemorrhage has been caused by a DVA alone. This report describes a case of an intracerebral hemorrhage due to DVA alone with review of the literature.
Caves ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Vascular Malformations