This is a descriptive study of Tersons syndrome among patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage at the Philippine General Hospital. The incidence of Tersons syndrome was 13.4 percent. There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes among patients with and without Tersons syndrome. (Author)
Human ; EYE DISEASES ; EYE HEMORRHAGE ; RETINAL HEMORRHAGE ; VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE ; VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE/ETIOLOGY ; PROGNOSIS ; ANEURYSM ; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE

Terson's syndrome has been implicated by previous studies as a strong predictor of poor outcome of patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. There was even a recommendation to place patients with the syndrome in the next less favorable category. Hence this study was designed to provide a general profile of patients with Terson's syndrome and investigate whether the syndrome correlates with poor outcome. This study was done using a prospective cohort of patients seen at the Philippine General Hospital pay and charity wards from July 1, 1999 to June 30, 2000 diagnosed to have aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Detailed ophthalmological examination was done and data were collected using a standard database. Patients were then followed up at 2 weeks, 1 month and 3 months to determine outcome (using Glasgow Outcome Score). Data collected were subjected to univariate analysis using chi square and/or Fisher test to determine significant correlation of variables with Terson's syndrome and to determine significance of Terson's syndrome as a predictor of poor outcome. A total of 52 patients were included in the study. The general demographic profile of patients with Terson's syndrome was comparable to that of the study population. The frequency of Terson's syndrome was 13.4 percent. There were no statistically significant differences in outcomes among patients with and without Terson's syndrome. However, positive correlation between laterality of Terson's syndrome with the side of aneurysm was shown. Although results were not significant, funduscopic examination remains to be warranted as an important part of diagnostic work-up of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients. When present, the laterality of Terson's syndrome may give a clue to the presence and side of the aneurysm.

PURPOSE: To evaluate various types and; characteristics of non-retinal lesions associated with ultra-wide field scanning laser ophthalmoscope images. METHODS: This retrospective study included 139 eyes of 139 patients with non-retinal lesions observed on color images obtained using Optomap 200Tx (Optos PLC, Dunfermline, Scotland, UK). The non-retinal lesion is a hyperreflective or hyporeflective shadow due to anterior segment of the eye or vitreous except the retina. Types and characteristics of red laser separation, green laser separation and autofluorescence images of non-retinal lesions were evaluated. RESULTS: All non-retinal lesions in images were categorized into 2 groups according to the location of non-retinal lesions. The anterior non-retinal lesions group included corneal opacity, cataract and posterior capsular opacity. The posterior non-retinal lesions group included asteroid hyalosis, posterior vitreous detachment, vitreous opacity and vitreous hemorrhage. Anterior non-retinal lesions were more often hyporeflective in red and green laser separation images (p < 0.001). Posterior non-retinal lesions were more often hyperreflective in green laser separation images and hyporeflective in red laser separation images (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Ultra-wide field scanning laser ophthalmoscope images can frequently have various shadows from anterior or posterior lesions of the eye. These shadows show a difference in reflectivity depending on their origins. To understand the difference helps in the interpretation of the fundus images.
Cataract ; Corneal Opacity ; Humans ; Ophthalmoscopes* ; Retina ; Retrospective Studies ; Scotland ; Vitreous Detachment ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Congenital arteriovenous(AV) communications of retinal circulation are rare developmental anomalies, exsisting alone or in association with ipsilateral vascular anomalies of the mid brain, cranial sinuses and skin. These are usually unilateral. We report a case of bilateral congenital arteriovenous communication. The right eye showed group III arteriovenous communication of retina with vitreous hemorrhage. The left eye showed group II arteriovenous communication combined with group I.
Brain ; Cranial Sinuses ; Retina ; Retinaldehyde ; Skin ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

PURPOSE: To investigate the prognostic factors for neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy in eyes with proliferative diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: In the present study we retrospectively reviewed intraindividual and interocular differences in 14 patients (28 eyes) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy for proliferative retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage and having only 1 eye neovascular glaucoma. The patients underwent vitrectomy between March 2008 and July 2014 at Maryknoll Hospital. The patient clinical data on preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative factors were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using the Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank (Mann-Whitney) test and chi-square test to evaluate the significance of differences within the patient groups. RESULTS: The decrease of photopic b-wave amplitudes on the preoperative electroretinogram significantly correlated with the development of neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy for proliferative retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results from the present study, decreased photopic b-wave amplitudes on preoperative electroretinogram is an effective prognostic factor for the development of neovascular glaucoma after vitrectomy for proliferative retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage.
Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Congenital microphthalmia is a rare anomaly of the fetal orbit resulting from developmental defects of the primary optic vesicle. Chromosomal anomalies, genetic defect, infection, and prenatal drug exposure are the most common causes. Congenital microphthalmia is usually associated with other abnormalities, and cases of isolated microphthalmia are rarely reported. Congenital microphthalmia can be diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound by measuring the axial diameter of the eye ball, but the accuracy depends on fetal position and associated anomalies. We report a case of an isolated unilateral microphthalmia which was not diagnosed by prenatal ultrasound, because the only abnormal prenatal ultrasound finding was a small hyperechoic mass lesion in the eye ball and the subsequent scan of the orbits was limited due to fetal prone position. The hyperechoic mass lesion in the eye ball was finally diagnosed as a persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous with hemorrhage by neonatal magnetic resonance image.
Hemorrhage* ; Microphthalmos* ; Orbit* ; Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous ; Prone Position ; Ultrasonography*

The authors reviewed the charts of 128 patients(160 eyes) who underwent vitrectomy for the proliferative diabetic retinopathy from January 1993 to December 1995 and the results were analyzed in terms of visual efficiency. At the conclusion of the study, visual acuity improved in 96 eyes(60%), unchanged in 33 eyes(21%) and in 31 eyes(19%) became worse. Visual efficiency was increased from 11.9% preoperatively to 37.2% postoperatively in all patients. Patients under the age of 40 showed better results than the patients above the age of 40. The factors which affected the change in visual efficiency were age and preoperative intraocular conditions. The patients who had non-clearing vitreous hemorrhage without proliferative membrane revealed better prognostic results than the other patients. In 50 eyes (31.3%) of cases, maximal postoperative visual acuity was achieved in 4 weeks to 3 months after operation.
Diabetic Retinopathy* ; Humans ; Membranes ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Epiretinal membrane is occurred on the inner retinal surface, and its causes are numerous ocular condition and disease, including ocular inflammatory conditions, proliferative retinopathy, nonproliferative retinal vascular disorders, blunt or penetrating injuries, vitreous hemorrhages. Also it is appeared not only after the surgery for retinal detachment or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but after the cryopexy and ocular photocoagulation and sometimes it is idiopathically appeared without any special reason. Recently the vitreous surgery makes the removing of the epiretinal membrane from the inner retinal surface easy. In this study, removed the epiretinal membrane during the partial vitrectomy occurred with idiopathic and that occurred after the surgery for retinal detachment. we electromicroscopically compared and analyzed them.
Epiretinal Membrane* ; Light Coagulation ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Epiretinal membrane is occurred on the inner retinal surface, and its causes are numerous ocular condition and disease, including ocular inflammatory conditions, proliferative retinopathy, nonproliferative retinal vascular disorders, blunt or penetrating injuries, vitreous hemorrhages. Also it is appeared not only after the surgery for retinal detachment or rhegmatogenous retinal detachment but after the cryopexy and ocular photocoagulation and sometimes it is idiopathically appeared without any special reason. Recently the vitreous surgery makes the removing of the epiretinal membrane from the inner retinal surface easy. In this study, removed the epiretinal membrane during the partial vitrectomy occurred with idiopathic and that occurred after the surgery for retinal detachment. we electromicroscopically compared and analyzed them.
Epiretinal Membrane* ; Light Coagulation ; Retinal Detachment ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitrectomy ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

In the process of closing a scleral wound caused by various conditions, incarceration af the conjunctiva, Tenon's capsule or vitreous in the wound can occur unexpectedly. We created such conditions experimentally to determine their intraocular complications. The experimental, materials were 12 albino rabhits(24 eyes) and the rabbits were divided into two groups(I and II). Group I rabbits(12 eyes) received no vinectormy and group II rabbits(12 eyes) received a vitrectormy. After the conjunctiva and Tenon's capsule flap was made, the tissue flap was inserted into the vitreous cavity through the sclerotomy site- Fundus examination with an indirect ophthalmoscope and enucleation for histology were performed at 3 days, 1 week, 3 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months after the experiment. The results were as follows: 1, Intraocular fibrovascular proliferation developed in all experimental rabbit eyes. 2. The more vitreous hemorrhage developed, the greater was the fibrovascular proliferation and the degree of fibrovascular proliferation was more marked in group II than group I. 3. The fibrovascular proliferation developed to a band in 3 weeks, then regressed gradually. 4. The fibrovascular band was composed of fibroblasts, stromal matrix and few vessels.
Conjunctiva ; Fibroblasts ; Ophthalmoscopes ; Rabbits ; Tenon Capsule ; Vitreous Hemorrhage ; Wounds and Injuries*