Objective:To study the effect of physical therapy and heel sound feedback on lower limbs motor function, mobility and activities of daily living (ADL) for stroke patients based on International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) core set. Methods:From April, 2018 to May, 2020, 113 stroke patients with motor dysfunction were divided into ischemia group (n = 67) and hemorrhagia group (n = 46) according to the cause of stroke. They received physical therapy for lower limbs and heel sound feedback for eight weeks, and assessed with ICF core set for stroke-gait, Fugl-Meyer Assessment-Lower Extremities (FMA-LE), Timed 'Up and Go' Test (TUGT), and modified Barthel index (MBI) before and after intervention. Results:The main effect of time was significant for qualifiers of ICF core set for stroke-gait, the scores of FMA-LE and MBI, and TUGT time (F > 100.59, P < 0.001), and it improved time by time as Post Hoc test. The main effect of groups was not significant (F < 2.29, P > 0.05), nor as Post Hoc test. The interactive effect between time and groups was significant for TUGT time (F = 6.45, P < 0.01), perhaps improved more in the hemorrhagia group, however, the interactive effect was not significant for the others. Conclusion:Physical therapy and heel sound feedback can improve motor function of lower limb, mobility and ADL for stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE To establish the fing erprint of Temurin- 5 powder，conduct chemical pattern recognition analysis ，and determine the contents of 4 components simultaneously. METHODS The fingerprints of 10 batches of Temurin- 5 powder were established and similarity evaluation was performed by using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）combined with the Similarity Evaluation System of Chromatographic Fingerprints of Traditional Chinese Medicine （2012 edition）；common peaks were identified by comparing with mixed substance control. The common peaks were analyzed by systematic cluster analysis and principal component analysis with SPSS 26.0 software. The HPLC method was used to determine the contents of gallic acid ， geniposide，chlorogenic acid and ellagic acid in 10 batches of samples. RESULTS A total of 15 common peaks were identified from the fingerprints of 10 batches of Temurin-5 powder，and the similarity was 0.997-0.999. It was identified that peak 1 was gallic acid ，peak 3 was geniposide ，peak 5 was chlorogenic acid and peak 12 was ellagic acid. Among the 10 batches of samples ， S4 and S 9 were grouped into one category ，S6-S8 were grouped into one category ，and the other batches of samples were grouped into one category. The accumulative variance contribution rate of first three principal components was 89.245％. The linear ranges of gallic acid ，geniposide，chlorogenic acid and ellagic acid were 5.55-177.5，15.98-511.5，2.56-82.0 and 13.48-431.5 μg/mL， respectively. RSDs of precision ，stability（24 h）and repeatability tests were all less than 2％（n＝6 or n＝7）. The average recoveries were 101.56％，102.21％，98.60％ and 96.62％，respectively，RSDs were 1.90％，1.61％，1.58％ and 1.73％（n＝6）. Average contents of above components were 5.03-5.64，10.38-12.16，1.40-1.69，6.47-7.11 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS The established fingerprint is stable and feasible ，and the content determination method meets the relevant regulations. Combined with chemical pattern recognition analysis ，it can be used for the quality control of Temurin- 5 powder.

BackgroundThe incidence of autism spectrum disorders （ASD） is showing an upward trend， and the treatment and training process for children with ASD is lengthy， placing a heavy burden on their families. Such fact results in parents being prone to feelings of stigma. However， there exists a lack of research studying on the stigma among parents of children with ASD. ObjectiveTo explore the relationship between stigma and coping styles and social support of parents with ASD， and to provide references for practices of reducing stigma level and taking targeted interventions in this group. MethodsThis study involved parents of children diagnosed with ASD and admitted to the children's health clinic of a tertiary hospital in Urumqi between January 2021 and May 2022. General information questionnaire， Affiliate Stigma Scale （ASS）， Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire （SCSQ） and Social Support Rating Scale （SSRS） were employed to conduct investigation. Pearson correlation analysis was used analyze the correlation between stigma， coping styles and social support. ResultsThe ASS total score of parents of children with ASD was （52.40±11.22）. Correlation analysis results showed that the ASS total score of parents was positively correlated with the score of negative coping dimension in SCSQ （r=0.787， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with the score of positive coping dimension in SCSQ and SSRS total score （r=-0.565， -0.795， P<0.01）. The result of regression analysis suggested that stigma among parents of children with ASD was affected by coping style and social support （∆R²=0.768， F=114.931， P<0.01）. These two factors could explain 76.80% of the total variance. ConclusionParents of children with ASD have stigma of moderate to high level， and coping styles and social support are two important factors influencing the stigma. ［Funded by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Science and Technology Program Resource Sharing Platform Construction Project （number， PT2215）］

The purpose of this article is to systematically review the effectiveness of pivotal response training （PRT） for children with autism spectrum disorder （ASD）， so as to provide evidence-based guidance for the implementation of effective PRT for children with ASD. Randomized controlled trials （RCTs） investigating the effectiveness of PRT for children with ASD were collected， and the methodological quality of the trails was evaluated using the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for risk of bias assessment. A total of 6 RCTs were included in this review. Then the empirical findings including the implementation of PRT and the role of PRT in improving general social skills and verbal communication skills of children with ASD were elaborated. And its limitations and possible future research directions were also summarized. ［Funded by Special Project for Construction of Innovation Environment in Autonomous Region： Construction of Science and Technology Innovation Base （number， PT2306）］

ObjectiveTo explore the correlation between skeletal muscle mass and metabolic syndrome （MS） disease risk among middle-aged and elderly community residents in Urumqi， and to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and MS among middle-aged and elderly community residents in China. MethodsA total of 1 438 community residents ≥ 50 years old were selected as the research subjects from July 2018 to January 2019 in Urumqi. They were selected from a multi-ethnic natural population cohort in Xinjiang. Data were collected through questionnaires， physical examination， bioelectrical impedance analysis （BIA）， laboratory tests， etc. Skeletal muscle mass was evaluated using the limb skeletal muscle mass index （SMI） corrected for body weight； MS was defined as it at least includes three of the following： abdominal obesity， hypertension， hyperglycemia， high triglycerides and low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. SMI was divided into four quantile arrays of Q₁‒Q₄. Trend χ² test was applied to explore whether there was a correlation between SMI changes and MS. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze whether there is a difference in the risk of MS between the higher SMI group （Q₂， Q₃， Q₄） and the reference group Q₁. ResultA total of 560 MS patients were detected in this study， with a prevalence rate of 38.94%. Among them， the prevalence rate of MS was 39.16% in males and 38.80% in females. The increase in male SMI grading level is not correlated with the prevalence of MS （trend P>0.05）； After adjusting for confounding factors （model 4）， the increase in SMI was still not related to the prevalence of MS （P_trend=0.995）. There was no statistical difference in the risk of MS between the lowest quartile group Q₁ and the highest quartile group Q₄ （OR=1.01， 95%CI： 0.69‒1.78）. The prevalence of MS in women gradually decreased with the increase of SMI grading level （P_trend<0.001）； After adjusting for confounding factors （model 4）， there was still a correlation between the increase of SMI and the prevalence of MS （P_trend=0.005）. With the lowest quartile of SMI Q₁ as the reference group， the risk of MS in Q₂ （OR=0.63， 95%CI： 0.40‒1.00）， Q₃ （OR=0.56， 95%CI： 0.34‒0.94）， Q₄ （OR=0.42， 95%CI： 0.23‒0.76） decreased. ConclusionAn increase in skeletal muscle mass may be beneficial for preventing MS， especially among middle-aged and elderly female residents. Considering the intensification of aging in China and the close relationship between MS and related comorbidities， managing skeletal muscle mass may contribute to potential MS prevention.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Wnk1 gene and ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population.

METHODSA hospital-based case-control study was carried out. The ischemic stroke group included 294 Chinese Han subjects, who were admitted with non-fatal ischemic stroke in departments of neurology of 5 hospitals in Xinjiang during January 2008 through December 2009. Control group included 314 age and sex-matched Han subjects without an inquired history of stroke, hospitalized in departments of surgery of these 5 hospitals. Ten tagging SNPs (tSNPs) of the Wnk1 gene were genotyped, and the association between these tSNPs and ischemic stroke were evaluated. The tSNPs (rs3858703, rs11611246, rs7305065, rs1990021, rs34408667, rs12309274, rs1012729, rs956868, rs12828016 and rs953361) were determined by the Multiplex SNaPshot platform. The data were analyzed by using t-test, Ξ2-test and logistic regression. Linkage disequilibrium and haplotype were analyzed by Haploview software.

RESULTSThe rates of alcohol drinking, hypertension ,diabetes and hyperlipidemia in ischemic stroke group were higher than those in control group (37.1% vs 21.0%, 62.9% vs 36.6%, 18.0% vs 6.1% and 36.4% vs 17.5%, respectively, all P<0.01). No significant difference in smoking rate was found between two groups. The genotyping loss rates of all sites were less than 1%. All the tSNPs were examined by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium test except rs34408667. tSNP rs11611246 in the 4th intron of the Wnk1 gene was significantly associated with ischemic stroke. The distribution frequency of T allele in cases was significantly lower than that in male controls (30.3% vs 35.7%, P =0.046). When the samples were further stratified according to gender, rs11611246 was found to be associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke in male cases than in controls. GT and TT genotype frequencies were 43.3% and 7.2% in male cases, 43.1% and 15.2% in male controls, respectively (P=0.038). The T allele was associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke, with a per-allele OR of 0.702(95%CI:0.517-0.953, P=0.023) in male cases than in male controls. The significance remained after adjusting the covariates of age (P=0.022), or the covariates of age, BMI, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia (P=0.008). No association between other 9 tSNPs and ischemic stroke was noted in Chinese Han subjects.

CONCLUSIONThe polymorphism of rs11611246 on the 4th intron of Wnk1 gene is associated with a reduced risk of ischemic stroke in Chinese Han population and the T allele might be a protective factor for ischemic stroke in male Chinese Hans.

Aged ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; Brain Ischemia ; genetics ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minor Histocompatibility Antigens ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Stroke ; genetics ; WNK Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1

【Objective】 To investigate the risk factors and clinical significance of incidental prostate cancer (IPCa) in patients undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy (PCR). 【Methods】 The clinicopathological data of 260 patients undergoing RCP in our hospital during Jan. 2010 and Jan. 2022 were retrospectively analyzed, including 39 cases of IPCa detected with postoperative pathology, and 221 non-IPCa cases. 【Results】 The detection rate of IPCa was 15%. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed age (P<0.001), smoking (P<0.05), T stage (P<0.05), number of tumors (P<0.05), involvement of trigone (P<0.05), prostate volume (P<0.05), and preoperative total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) (P<0.05) were influencing factors of prostate cancer. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=1.061, 95%CI: 1.021-1.107, P=0.004), smoking (OR=2.852, 95%CI: 1.296-6.677, P=0.012), involvement of trigone(OR=2.967, 95%CI: 2.365-3.657, P=0.019) and preoperative tPSA (OR=1.109, 95%CI: 1.011-1.223, P=0.030) were independent risk factors of IPCa. 【Conclusion】 Advanced age, smoking, bladder tumor in trigone and preoperative PSA abnormality are risk factors for incidental prostate cancer in bladder cancer patients.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the prevalence of Candida albicans and early childhood caries(ECC) among 3-5 years old children of Uygur and Han nationalities in Kashi city, Xinjiang province.

METHODSTotally 397 generally healthy children(Uyghurs 256, Hans141) aged 3-5 years were recruited randomly in Kashi city using the stratified cluster random method. Dental plaque samples were collected from carious tooth tissues of children with ECC and from supragingival tooth sites of caries free(CF) children, respectively. Plaque samples were cultured and Candida albicans were isolated selectively by using CHROM agar candida medium. The isolates were further identified using methods of germ tubes test, Gram stain and PCR molecular biology. The data were analyzed using Pearson χ(2) test and Spearman analysis.

RESULTSThe prevalenses of Candida albicans were 44.5% (114/256) in Han children and 31.2%(44/141) in Urgur children, respectively(P=0.009). Candida albicans could be isolated from 48.8% (124/254) of ECC children, while 23.8% (34/143) of CF ones(P=0.000). The frequencies of Candida albicans acquisition of boys and girls of Uygur children were 51.2%(66/129) and 37.8%(48/127), respectively (P=0.031). The frequencies of Candida albicans acquisition increased with the decayed missing filled tooth (dmft) scores. For both Uygur and Hanchildren, the detection rates of Candida albicans were correlated with dmft scores(Uygur r=0.350, P=0.001; Han r=0.276, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONSThe oral Candida albicans distributions were different in Uygur and Han ethnic groups. There were significant correlations between the presence of Candida albicans and ECC severityas well as score of dmft. There was a difference of the Candida albicans distributions between boys and girls among Uygur children. Candida albicans might be one of the important cariogenic microorganisms in ECC.

Candida albicans ; isolation & purification ; Candidiasis ; epidemiology ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Dental Care ; Dental Caries ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Dental Plaque ; epidemiology ; microbiology ; Ethnic Groups ; statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To explore the impact of early pregnancy body mass index(BMI)and weight gain during pregnancy(GWG)on adverse pregnancy outcome in mothers and children.METHODS: The clinical data of 890 primiparas of childbearing age who underwent regular antenatal examination and delivered in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from March to August 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The cases were divided into low body bass group(BMI<18.5),normal body mass group(18.5≤BMI<25),overweight group(25≤BMI<30),and obesity group(BMI≥30);low GWG group,normal GWG group,excessive GWG group(regardless of early pregnancy BMI grouping,those with GWG below the IOM recommended range were included in the low GWG group,within the recommended range in the normal GWG group,and higher than the recommended range in the excessive GWG group)according to early pregnancy BMI and GWG guideline revised by American Institute of Medicine(IOM)in 2009 based on early pregnancy BMI and GWG;analyze the impacts of early pregnancy BMI and GWG on cesarean section rate,gestational complications and adverse neonatal outcomes.RESULTS: Low body mass group accounted for 15.1%(134 cases),normal body mass group represented 73.0%(650 cases),overweight group occupied 9.9%(88 cases),and obesity group accounted for 2.0%(18 cases).Early pregnancy BMI overweight and obesity increased the risk of cesarean section(OR 2.46,5.20),gestational diabetes(OR 1.86,1.33),gestational hypertensive diseases(OR 4.07,4.53),fetal macrosomia(OR 5.72,2.87)and premature delivery(OR 2.15,9.19). Regardless of early pregnancy BMI,GWG exceeding the IOM recommended weight gain range increased the risk of cesarean section(OR=2.93),gestational diabetes(OR=1.10),gestational hypertensive diseases(OR=1.50)and fetal macrosomia(OR=1.15). Advanced age(>35-40 years old)also increased the risk of cesarean section(OR=6.42),gestational diabetes(OR=4.89),gestational hypertensive diseases(OR=3.98),and premature rupture of fetal membranes(OR=2.48).CONCLUSION: Early pregnancy overweight or obesity,excessive GWG and advanced age will increase cesarean section rate,leading to adverse outcomes in mothers and children. Therefore,it is of great importance to control the weight in the preparation of pregnancy and to increase the weight reasonably during pregnancy.

Objective: The ICU scale for teachers of clinical nursing teachers was compiled, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested to improve the quality of clinical nursing teachers, to guide the reference frame for clinical teacher. Methods: Face-to-face interviews with clinical nursing students and clinical nursing staff to understand their essential qualities and needs for ICU teachers, and to form the first draft of the scale on the basis of extensive literature review and reference to domestic and foreign related questionnaires or scales. A total of 8 experts were invited to inquisition about the content and structure of the scale for two times. In September 2017, 130 nurses with clinical teaching qualifications in 10 ICU of a third-class hospital in Urumqi, Xinjiang, were preinvestigated and the items were examined by t test, correlation coefficient method and factor analysis. Screening. The reliability and validity of content validity, Cronbach′s alpha coefficient, split half reliability and test-retest reliability scale were adopted. Results: The CVI coefficient of each dimension and total scale was more than 0.88, and the Cronbach′s alpha coefficient of the rest of the dimensions and the total scale was > 0.810 except the Cronbach′s alpha coefficient of the clinical nursing level, and the correlation coefficient of the semi reliability of the dimensions and the total scale was > 0.760; the retest reliability test for each dimension and the aggregate table was tested. The results of the two tests showed that the results were statistically significant (r=0.449-0.836, P <0.01). Conclusion This research completed the preliminary compilation of the ICU nursing teacher evaluation scale. The reliability and validity of the scale were good, and met the requirements of metrology.