Objective To investigate the association between the genetic variant in the promoter region of miR-34b/c and cancer risk.Methods Databases such as PubMed、EMBase、Wanfang、VIP、CNKI and so on were searched comprehensively.Based on the including and excluding criteria,literatures that were eligible were screened and data were retrieved.Meta analysis was performed by RevMan 5.1 software.Results Through searching and manually searching relevant references,a total of 9 articles with 10 independent studies were included.No significant associations were detected in C vs T,CC vs TT,CC + CT vs TT and CC vs CT + TT comparison models.However,in the CT vs TT comparison model,the result showed a significant association (Z =2.33,P =0.02).Meanwhile,subgroup analysis of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer both showed significant associations with the polymorphism,with C vs T (OR =1.11,Z =2.10,P =0.04),CT vs TT (Z=2.40,P =0.02),CC +CT vs TT (Z=2.45,P=0.01) and CC vs TT (OR =0.66,Z=2.43,P=0.02),CC vs CT + TT (OR =0.67,Z =2.40,P =0.02) respectively.The C allele increased significantly the susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma,and the CC genotype reduced significantly the susceptibility of colorectal cancer.Conclusion The genetic variant in the promoter region of miR-34b/c rs4938723 T ＞ C is significantly associated with the susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma and colorectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the association between a genetic variant in Dicer and cancer risk .Methods Both English and Chi-nese databases were carefully searched comprehensively .Based on the including and excluding criteria ,literatures that were eligible were carefully screened and data were retrieved .Meta analysis was performed by RevMan 5 .1 software .Pooled odds ratios(OR) and 95% confi-dential interval(CI)were used for analysis .Results Ten eligible literatures were included in the meta analysis .Meta analysis showed that the mutant allele C in 3′untranslated region polymorphism loci rs1057035 of Dicer gene might reduce the cancer risk(OR=0 .92 ,95% CI=0 .87-0 .97 ,P=0 .003) .Conclusion The variant rs1057035 T>C in Dicer gene could be related to cancer susceptibility .

BACKGROUND:Massive blood loss was caused by an over-reactive fibrinolytic system, as a sequence of tourniquet usage and surgery trauma in total knee arthroplasty. As an antifibrinolytic drug, tranexamic acid has been proven to decrease not only the obvious and total blood loss, but also the ratio of alograft blood transfusion in total knee arthroplasty. Nevertheless, the effect of tranexamic acid on hidden blood loss in total knee arthroplasty had not been clarified yet. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid on hidden blood loss in primary total knee arthroplasty. METHODS:Clinical data of 54 patients who received primary unilateral total knee arthroplasty in the Third Hospital, Peking University from June to December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups according to the use of tranexamic acid. 22 patients in the tranexamic acid group were given 2 g tranexamic acid by intravenous infusion during surgery. 32 patients in the control group were given an equal volume of physiological saline. Patients in both groups were oraly given anticoagulant rivaroxaban after replacement. Hemoglobin level and blood hematocrit were recorded before and after surgery for 5 consecutive days. The total amount of blood loss and hidden blood loss were calculated by using Cross equation. The difference in the amount of blood loss was compared between the two groups. Lower extremity venous ultrasound examination was conducted at 1 week after replacement to determine deep venous thrombosis in the lower limb. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant difference in general data and perioperative conditions was detected between the two groups (P > 0.05). Postoperative drainage, dominant blood loss, total blood volume, the amount of autologous blood transfusion and the amount of alogeneic blood transfusion were significantly less in the tranexamic acid group than in the control group (P < 0.05). According to Gross formula, the difference of hidden blood loss was statisticaly significant between the tranexamic acid group (302.9±189.9) mL and the control group (596.8±271.4) mL (P < 0.05). Deep vein thrombosis appeared in one case between the two groups after replacement. Results indicate that intravenous infusion of tranexamic acid dramaticaly decreased the hidden blood loss in unilateral total knee arthroplasty, reduced alogeneic blood transfusion, and simultaneously did not increase the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the lower limb.

To establish an HPLC-MS/MS method for the analysis of quercetin, kaempferid and isorhamnetin in rats plasma and study its pharmamacokinetics after an intragastrical administration of Hippophae rhamnoides extracts. Five healthy male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were given single doses of H. rhamnoides extracts (quercetin 26.35 mg x kg(-1), kaempferid 4.040 mg x kg(-1), isorhamnetin 31.37 mg x kg(-1)), and then their orbital sinus blood samples were collected at different time points. The drug plasma concentration of the three flavonoids was determined by HPLC-MS/MS method. After that, the main pharmacokinetics parameters were calculated by using Kinetica 5. 0. 11 software. The methodological test showed that the linear concentration ranges of quercetin, kaempferid and isorhamnetin were 7.500-600.0 μg x L(-1) (R2 = 0.998 5), 1.000-80.00 μg x L(-1) (R2 = 0.998 5 ) and 10.00-800.0 μg x L(-1) (R2 = 0.998 0), respectively. The inner and inter-days precisions were both less than 14.0%. The plasma samples showed a good stability and consistency with the requirement of biological sample analysis after the samples were frozen once and placed at - 20 degrees C for 15 d and room temperature for 6 h and the treated analytes were placed at -20 degrees C for 24 h. For quercetin, the pharmacokinetic parameter t(½β), AUC(0-∞), MRT(0.∞), C.(max) and T(max) were (113.3 ± 19.37) min, (12 542.14 ± 3 504.05) μg x h x L(-1), (119.6 ± 13.29) h, (164.6 ± 27.33) μg x L(-1) and (5.199 ± 0.840 3) h, respectively. For kaempferid, the pharmacokinetic parameters t(½β), AUC(0-t), MRT(0-∞), C(max) and T(max) were (79.85 ± 17.15) min, (934.51 ± 94.59) μg x h x L(-1), (81.50 ± 13.75) h, (80.15 ± 14.24) μg x L(-1) and (3.827 ± 0.902 7) h, respectively. For isorhamnetin, the pharmacokinetic parameters t1,2,, AUC(0-t), MRT(0-∞), C(max) and T(max) were (118.3 ± 20.73) min, (26 067.77 ± 4 124.60) μg x h x L(-1), (129.0 ± 16.30) h, (269.6 ± 29.32) μg x L(-1) and (6.513 ± 1.450) h, respectively. The HPLC-MS/MS analysis method established in this study was proved to be sensitive and accurate and could be applied in the pharmacokinetic study of quercetin, kaempferid and isorhamnetin in rat plasma.
Animals ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; pharmacokinetics ; Hippophae ; chemistry ; Kaempferols ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Quercetin ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; methods

BACKGROUND:Ultrasonic therapy is one of several physical therapy modalities suggested for the management of pain and loss of function due to osteoarthritis. However, its effectiveness stil remains controversial in the previous studies.
OBJECTIVE:To analyze the effect of ultrasonic therapy for the treatment of relieving knee osteoarthritis pain.
METHODS:A retrieval of Pubmed, Ovid/Medline, Ovid/EMBASE, and Cochranee database was performed. The relevant literatures were manual y retrieved. The retrieval deadline was set on March 31, 2014. Randomized control ed trials on ultrasonic therapy of knee osteoarthritis were col ected.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of eight studies of meta-analysis were accumulated. Among them, six studies adopted visual analog scale and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index, one study adopted visual analog scale only, and one study adopted Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index. Then the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index scores were transformed into visual analog scale scores for data analysis. There was a statistical difference between the groups in the visual analog scale pain score (standardized standard deviation:-0.51;95%confidence interval:-0.68,-0.33;P=0.05). Ultrasonic therapy is an effective method for knee osteoarthritis pain.

BACKGROUND:Osteoarthritis and osteoporosis are two aging-related degenerative diseases. There are a lot of studies on their correlation, but no consensus has been reached yet. OBJECTIVE: To examine the cross-sectional association between phalangeal bone mineral density and radiographic knee osteoarthritis. METHODS:A total of 2 855 participants were included in this study. Phalangeal bone mineral density and anteroposterior films of the bilateral knees were detected. A multivariable logistic analysis model was applied to test the relationship between phalangeal bone mineral density and radiographic knee osteoarthritis after adjusting a number of potential confounding factors. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A positive association was observed between phalangeal bone mineral density and radiographic knee osteoarthritis in the model that was adjusted for sex, age, bone mass index, smoking status, alcohol drinking status, total energy intake, mean calcium intake, as wel as vitamin and Ca supplementation. This association existed in the total sample and the female subgroup, but not in the male. These findings suggest a positive relationship between phalangeal bone mineral density and radiographic knee osteoarthritis in the female subgroup, which means that bone mineral density is a protective factor to knee osteoarthritis.

Objective To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of autophagy inhibitor chloroquine on the calcium oxalate crystals formation in rats.Methods From September 2016 to October 2016,Thirty healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into 3 groups:control group,model group and chloroquine intervention group.The method to establish calcium oxalate stone model was drinking water with 1％ ethylene and 1％ ammonium chloride freely.The rats of chloroquine intervention group were treat with chloroquine (40mg/kg · d) by intraperitoneal injection.Modeling was finished after 28 days.The amounts of renalcalcium oxalate crystals were detected by polarizing microscope.For all groups,the amounts of autophagosome were detected by transmission electron microscope.Twenty four hour urine compositions for stone risk factors were detected.The expressions of oxidative stress injury related molecular markers (SOD,MCP-1 and 8-OHdG) and the expressions of autophagy markers (LC3 and P62) were detected by immunohistochemistry.The RNA expressions of SLC26A6 in kidney were detected by Real-time PCR.Results Compared to the model group,the amounts of renal calcium oxalate crystals were significantly reduced in chloroquine intervention group (32.37 ± 5.14 vs.4.18 ± 0.25,P ＜ 0.05).Compared to the control group,the level of autophagy was increased in the model group.Compared to the model group,the level of autophagy was inhibited in the chloroquine intervention group.For control group,model group and chloroquine intervention group,the excretion of urinary oxalate were (3.1 ± 1.5) mmol,(22.5 ± 8.1) mmol,(2.8 ± 1.2) mmol,respectively;the excretion of urinary citrate were (63.4 ± 7.4) mmol,(45.9 ± 9.5)mmol,(15.6 ± 8.2) mmol,respectively.Compared to the control group,the amounts of urinary oxalate weresignificantly elevated in model group (P ＜ 0.05),but citrate were significantly reduced in the chloroquineintervention group(P ＜ 0.05).For control group,model group and chloroquine intervention group,theexpressions of SOD were 42.24 ±4.16,19.21 ± 2.25,39.08 3.53,respectively;the expressions of MCP-1 were 4.02 0.51,8.45 ± 0.55,5.52 ± 0.34,respectively;the expressions of 8-OHdG were 7.16 ± 0.54,11.21 ± 1.12,8.67 ±0.34,respectively;the RNA expressions of SLC26A6 were 0.35 ±0.07,1.02 ±0.17,0.70 ± 0.06,respectively.Compared to the control group,the expressions of SOD were significantly reduced in the model group,but the expressions of MCP-1,8-OHdG and SLC26A6 were significantly elevated(P ＜0.05).Compared to the model group,the expressions of SOD were significantly elevated chloroquine intervention group (P ＜ 0.05),but the expressions of MCP-1,8-OHdG and SLC26A6 were significantly elevated(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The autophagy inhibitor chloroquine could inhibit the formation of calcium oxalate crystals induced by ethylene in rat kidney via inhibit the renal autophagy level and expressions of the SLC26A6,reducing the renal oxidative stress injury and urinary oxalate excretion.

Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) can effectively reduce portal hypertension, prevent recurrent esophagogastric variceal bleeding, and relieve intractable ascites. TIPS involves vessel puncture, expansion of puncture tract within the liver parenchyma, and stent implantation, and may cause various complications. The effective prevention and treatment of TIPS-related complications have become a new direction for research in TIPS. This article reviews the intraoperative and postoperative complications of TIPS and related preventive and treatment strategies.

Objective To evaluate left ventricular systolic function with two-dimensional speckle tracking imaging (2D-STI) in rats with simple obesity.Methods A total of 16 healthy male rats were fed with normal diet (NF group,n=6)and rich fat diet (group HFD,n=10) for 12 weeks.The parameters of conventional echocardiography were recorded,and the strain and strain rate of left ventricular myocardium were analyzed with 2D-STI.The degree of myocardial fibrosis,mast cell infiltration and the expression level of light chain 3 (LC3) protein were observed.Results Compared with NF group,in HFD group,the weight,abdominal circumference,abdominal fat content,fasting blood glucose and triglyceride increased (all P＜0.05),while the radial strain rate of anterior septum,the radial strain of anterior septum and anterior wall in left ventricular decreased (all P＜0.05),so did the longitudinal strain and strain rate in posterior septal basal segment,middle segment,apical segment and lateral wall basal segments in left ventricle (all P＜0.01).In HFD group,the arrangement of cardiac muscle cells was disordered,and the fat vacuoles was found;the myocardial collagen fiber deposition and the infiltration of mast cells obviously increased,while the expression of LC3 protein decreased.Conclusion The left ventricular function of early stage obese rats has been damaged in varying degrees when no obvious changes of heart structure could be observed.

At present, the most effective therapeutic method for end-stage liver fibrosis is liver transplantation. However, the application of liver transplantation is limited by a shortage of liver donors, a high incidence rate of surgical complications, graft-versus-host disease, and high medical costs. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UC-MSC) transplantation may become a promising method for the treatment of liver diseases. UC-MSCs are adult stem cells which exhibit multipotential differentiation and can differentiate into hepatic parenchymal cells. Due to their functions including immune regulation and secretion of trophic factors, UC-MSCs can inhibit immune response, promote hepatocyte regeneration, alleviate the progression of liver fibrosis, and improve liver function. In addition, compared with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, UC-MSCs have abundant sources, noninvasive collection, and high safety and thus they are attracting more and more attention. This article reviews the characteristics of UC-MSCs and their mechanism of action in the treatment of liver fibrosis, as well as risks of UC-MSCs therapy.