To study the ultrastructural pathological characteristics of vascular and connective tissues in primary syphilis. The histomorphological changes in the dermis were examined with transmission electron microscopy. Capillaries with a thickened multilayered basement membrane,occluded lumen, and proliferation of endothelial cells were found. The spirochetes entered the capillary vessel through the basal membrane and endothelial cells, and were separated or attached to red blood cells.Large numbers of inflammatory cells were found around the blood vessels.There were T.pallidum in the cytoplasm.The pathological changes in the capillaryies and connective tissue were morphological basis for the study of pathogenetic mechanism of primary syphilis.

to establish the human malignant lymphoma model in nude mice, orthotopic transplantation of histologically intact gastric lymphoma tissue from 11 patients was implanted into gastric submucosa of nude mice. Tumorgenicity, invasion, metastasis and morphological characteristics of the transplanted tumors were studied by light microscopy, electronic microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Two strains screened from 11 cases of human gastric lymphoma were the high metastasis model (HGL HMN 1)and the in situ model of human gastric lymphoma (HGL HMN 2) passaged in vivo for the 36th and 27th generations respectively. 329 nude mice were transplanted. Since the 3rd generation, the tumor transplantation growth rate and the resuscitation rate from liquid nitrogen were 100% .Lymph node metastasis, blood metastasis, and seeding metastasis were present. The transplanted tumors were similar to the original human malignant lymphoma in histopathological, ultrastructure features, DNA content and chromosomal karyatype. Its spontaneous growth occurred in the stomach of the nude mice,accompanied by destructive infiltration of every tissue layer of the stomach wall. Its invasion and metastasis simulated integrally the clinic process of human malignant lymphoma. These models can be used to study the etiology, invasion, metastasis and experimental treatment of human malignant lymphoma.

Objective To investigate the expression of PPAR-γ in rectal carcinoma and the relationship between the expression of PPAR-γ and apoptosis in rectal carcinoma. Methods Tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression of PPAR-γ gene, bcl-2 and bax in 16 cases of the normal rectal tissue, 16 cases of rectal adenoma and 80 cases of the rectal carcinoma. TUNEL was used to detect of the AI in 80 cases of the rectal carcinoma. Results The positive rate of PPAR-γ expression in normal rectal tissue, rectal adenoma and adenocarcinoma were 6.3%, 25.0% and 71.3% respectively. Clinicopathological analysis showed that the in-crease of PPAR-γ expression were not associated with age, sex and histological classification (P > 0.05), but associated with differentiation grades, pathological stages, lymph nodes metastases and 3-year survival rate (P < 0.05). The expression of PPAR-γwas positively correla-ted with bcl - 2 and bax. AI was negative related with PPAR-γ (r = -0.51, P < 0.05). Conclusions PPAR-γ gene may play a role in the oncogenesis and progression of rectal carcinoma. The abnormal regulation of apoptosis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of rectal carcinoma. Detection of PPAR-γ is of great value for diagnosing colorectal carcinoma, and evaluating malignancy extent and prognosis.

Objective To analyze the occurrence and prognosis of congenital heart disease interventional therapy related arrhythmias, and to discuss the prevention and treatment. Methods We retrospectively analyzed the occurrence and prognosis of congenital heart disease interventional therapy related arrhythmias among a total of 223 cases admitted for in terventional therapy between February 2014 to January 2015. Resu1ts 8 cases developed different degree and nature of arrhythmias after the interventional therapy. Among these cases, 3 of them had arrhythmias after ASD occlusion, including one was frequent atrial contraction, one was paroxysmal atrial tachycardia, and one was sinus bradycardia with accelerated junctional rhythm. All of them converted back to sinus rhythmm spontaneously from 2-3 hours to maximum 1 week after operation. 4 cases had arrhythmias after VSD occlusion, including one case of ventricular tachycardia, one case of Ⅰ° degree atrioventricular block who recovered spontaneously after surgery, one case of Ⅲ° degree atrioventricular block and one case of intermittent complete left bundle branch block who retruned to sinus rhythmn after 1 week of symptomatic treatment. One case had ventricular fibrillation after pulmonary valve balloon dilatation and was treated by defibrillation and temperany pacing to convent to sinus. Conc1usions Arrhythmias is a common complication of congenital heart disease after interventional therapy, and most of them are temporary and transient changes. However, once serious arrhythmias happened, the success rate of surgery and postoperative curative effect can be directly effected, or may even lead to mortality.

Objective To assess dietary glycemic load (GL) in young adult males with acne vulgaris and to evaluate its association with severity of skin lesions,in hope to provide evidences for comprehensive treatment of acne vulgaris.Methods The Global Acne Grading System (GAGS) was used to evaluate the severity of acne,and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24-hour dietary recall (24-HDR) to assess GL.Differences in GL and body mass index (BMI) were assessed by t test and analysis of variance,and Logistic regression analysis was conducted to analyze the factors influencing BMI and GL.Results This study included 99 young adult males with acne vulgaris who were 19-24 years old.Logistic regression analysis revealed that GL was the risk factor of BMI,and higher GL was always associated with increased BMI (β3 =1.119,P ＜ 0.05,OR =3.062,95％ confidence intervals:1.044-8.986).No factors were found to have influences on GL.The patients with a disease duration of ＞ 6 months showed a higher GL (t =2.947,P ＜ 0.01),but similar BMI (t =0.798,P ＞0.05) compared with those with a disease duration of ≤6 months.Significant differences were observed in GL (F =76.296,P ＜ 0.01),but not in BMI (F =3.142,P ＞ 0.05),among the three groups of patients with different GAGS score.GL was higher in patients with GAGS score of ≥39 than those with GAGS score of 1-18 (P ＜0.01) and GAGS score of 19-30 (P ＜ 0.01),and higher in patients with GAGS score of 19-30 than in those with GAGS score of 1-18 (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion GL is positively correlated with the severity of lesions and disease duration in young adult males with acne vulgaris.

Objective To investigate the cellular fragments and particle image changes of inventory aleucocytic suspending RBC produced by the storage time extension ,RBC damage or hemolysis in order to provide the revelatory experimental basis for the transfusion safety .Methods The supernatant was prepared from different stored days (3 ,7 ,14 ,21 d) of stock aleukocytic suspen‐ding RBC .The particles in supernatant were observed and morphologically analyzed by using the microscopic static image analytic technology .Results There were a small amounts of visible particles in the sample supernatant preserved for 3 ,7 d and the parti‐cles′sizes are similar to cells′;the number of particles began to significantly increase from 14 d and the diameter became smaller . The particles filled the entire field until 21 d ,showing fragmentary status .Conclusion The cellular fragments and particles in the supernatants of stock aleukocytic suspending RBC with the storage period exceeding 14 d are significantly increased and have signif‐icant difference compared with those stored for less than 14 d .These exogenous fragments and particles may become antigens and induce the body immune response ,lead to transfusion adverse reactions .It is recommended that the patients should be transfused with stock aleukocytic suspending RBC within a storage period of 14 d .

OBJECTIVE: To characterize morphology and drug release kinetics of protein-loaded poly(?-caprolactone)/poly(ethylene glycol)/poly(?-caprolactone) amphiphilic block copolymeric (PCE) microspheres, and elucidate the mechanistic details regarding protein release. METHODS: BSA-loaded PCE microspheres were prepared using a water-in-oil-in-water, followed by solvent evaporation. Morphology of the polymer microspheres was observed using scanning electron microscopy. Protein loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency were determined by extracting the proteins from the microspheres and measured using MicroBCA method. Protein release kinetics was characterized by cumulative release against the date of release incubation. RESULTS: The protein-loaded PCE microspheres were spherical and possess smooth surface under SEM. Protein loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency in the microspheres were independent of PCE molecular weight. However, the kinetic features of the protein release varied significantly with PCE molecular weight, suggesting a diffusion-degradation combined release mechanism. For the microspheres made of larger molecular weight PCE 4000, the portion of protein release attributed to diffusion from the polymer matrix was remarkably less than that from microspheres of small molecular weight PCE. In vitro release profile can be simulated using a diffusion-degradation model(Q=k1t1/2+k2t+k3t2+k4t3)(r=0.997). CONCLUSION: PCE microsphere formulation can offer sustainedrelease of proteins with initial burst and incomplete release reduced to acceptable level.

Objective To study the therapeutic effects of Xileisan Pessary on rats with cervicitis based on the idea of treating different diseases with the same therapy. Methods Vagina perfusion of hydroxybenzene mucilage was used to establish rat cervicitis models. Rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, positive medicine group, low-, medium-, and high-dose Xileisan Pessary groups. Rats with cervicitis were treated with Xileisan Pessary from the next day after modeling for 10 days. The amount of neutrophilic granulocytes and leukocytes were detected by blood routine analysis meter; cervial histopathologic examination was conducted by HE staining. Results Compared with normal group, the numbers of granulocyte and leucocyte increased significantly in the model group (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, the numbers of granulocyte and leucocyte in the low-dose Xileisan Pessary group showed a decreasing trend (P<0.05, P<0.01); cervical inflammation mucosal epithelium and tissue necrosis were signally alleviated; granulocyte in the medium-dose Xileisan Pessary group showed a decreasing trend (P>0.05);the content of leucocyte hardly changed;granulocyte in the high-dose Xileisan Pessary group increased observably (P<0.01); the number of leucocyte showed an increasing trend (P>0.05), and the numbers of granulocyte and leucocyte in positive medicine group decreased observably (P<0.01), and cervical inflammation mucosal epithelium and tissue necrosis were also signally alleviated. Conclusion Xileisan Perssary can relieve the inflammation of cervix and repair injured mucosa. It has the function of treating different diseases with the same therapy.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) in the treatment of achalasia of cardia. Methods Clinical data of 27 cases who were diagnosed with achalasia of cardia recived POEM from May 2014 to March 2016 were collected retrospectively. The surgical results, before and after POEM, parameters measured by esophageal manometry and complications after POEM and during follow-up were analyzed. Results POEM were successful 100.0% in the 27 patients. There was 1 case of subcutaneous emphysema, 1 case of aeropleura symptoms were significantly improved in all patients who had successful POEM; parameters measured by esophageal manometry were also improved obviously (P < 0.05). Conclusion POEM has appreciable short-term effects in the treatment for achalasia of cardia, and it can be relieve dysphagia and other adverse symptoms in postoperation, but the long-term efficacy and complications need further follow-up observations.

To sieve a new type of polyether polyurethane as an injectable prosthetic nucleus pulpous through testing the cytotoxicity in vitro.Methods Five experimental groups were set as following:that samples 1,2,3 groups were polyether-polyurethane polymerized of different ratio of soft and hard segment with different catalysts; group 4 was polyether polyurethane polymerized slowly at 37 ℃ without catalyst; group 5was polyether polyurethane that toxic monomer responded completely.Additionally,a control group of culture medium was set without material extracts.Get 0.6 mg from each sample product and make into material extracts after disinfection,then dilution them by 50% and culture the mouse fibroblasts(cell L929)until 3 d,4d,5 d,by Adopting 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide(MTT)colorimetric method to compare the 490 nm OD between the materials and control groups obtained by enzyme linked immune analysis,calculate the RGR of cells,and then evaluating the cytotoxicity of the materials.Results The RGR of L929 cell in group 4 and group 5 have no significant difference compared to the control group.Cytotoxic levels were 0 to 1; difference of the RGR of L929 cell between group 1-3 and control group were statistically significant.Cytotoxic levels were 1 to 2,but the cell morphology was normal.Conclusion The material polymerized without catalyst does not show cytotoxicity,and has great potential to be used as a substitute for nucleus pulposus.The cytotoxicity of the materials polymerized with catalyst needs to be tested more.