Objective To study the regulatory effect of triptolide(TP)on the angiogenesis of coll-agen-induced arthritis(CIA) rats.The effect of TP on arthritis is also explored.Methods After the model of CIA was established,the articular volume was measured and the synovium was examined with regular HE stainand the inflammation and pathological changes were evaluated.In addition,the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF),basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)and endostatin protein expressions in synovium and serum were tested.The micro-vessel density (MVD) of synovium was also measured by caulating CD34 level.Results The expressions of VEGF,bFGF and MVD in CIA rats'synovium and serum were evidently higher than the control group(X2=65.3,31.6,q=9.2,P＜O.01,respectively),while the expression of endostatin showed no statistical difference with controls (X2=0.8,P＞0.05).After treated with TP,the expressions of VEGF,bFGFand MVD decreased markedly(X2=19.7,6.0,q=6.5,P＜O.01,respectively),but the pmtein expression of endostatin significantly increased (X2=3.9,P＜O.05).However,only the expression of endostatin increased significantly after treated with MTX (X2=17.9,P＜0.01).Conclusion Imbalance in growth factors prnduction may play an important role in the process of arthritis development.Re-establishing the balance of growth factors maybe one of the mechanisms of TP in the treatment of arthritis.

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance may be a risk factor for hypertension,but the relationship between insulin resistance and hypertension are quite different from different race or nationalities. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between insulin resistance and hypertension in Chinese Mongolian population.DESIGN: Prevalent investigation.SETTING: Staff Room of Epidemiology, Public Health College of Harbin Medical University. PARTICIPANTS: Totally 232 patients with primary hypertension and persons with normal blood pressure, aged from 30-60 years from Kezuohouqi of Tongliao city in June 2001 based on the prevalent survey, and they all Mongoloid population. Examination was performed and blood pressure was measured. They were involved in this investigation after signing the consent. Other cardiovascular disease patients were excluded.METHODS: A total of 115 patients with primary hypertension and 117normotensives were selected with cluster sampling method. Height, body mass, waistline, hip line and waist-to hip ratio (WHR), I.e. Waist line/ hip line were standardization method. Body mass index (BMI) ＜ 24 kg/m2 or waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) ＜ 0.9, body mass or somatotype was partial to normal. Blood glucose was detected with glucose meter. Radio-immunoassay (RIA) were utilized to measure insulin and C-peptide. Degree of insulin resistance was determined by means of insulin sensitivity index (ISI), ISI =-ln [glucose (mmol/L) × insulin (Mu/L)]. After considering the effect of BMI and WHR as well as the stratification of BMI (≥24 kg/m2 and ＜ 24 kg/m2) and WHR (≥ 0.9 and ＜ 0.9), statistical analysis was performed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ISI of the investigational subjects of the two groups. RESULTS: Totally 232 included investigational subjects were involved in the result analysis, without drop out. ①Comparison of ISI of the investigational subjects of the two groups: The ISI of the hypertension group was slightly lower than that of the normotensive group, but the difference was not significant [-3.56±0.27,-3.50±0.20(P ＞ 0.05)]. ②Comparison of ISI of the investigational subjects of the two groups after delamination according to BMI and WHR: When the BMI was less than 24, the ISI in the hypertension group was lower distinctly than that in the normotensive group [-3.56+0.27,-3.48±0.17(F=5.037, P ＜ 0.05)]. When the WHR was less than 0.9, the ISI of the hypertension group was lower dramatically than that in the normotensive group [-3.57+0.27,-3.49+0.20(F=4.537, P ＜ 0.05 )].CONCLUSION: The insulin resistance may be related to primary hypertension in non-obese Chinese Mongolian population.

Objective: To explore the effects of combined application of culture supernatant of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) and ciprofloxacin on Staphylococcus aureus (SA) in vitro. Methods: hUCMSCs were isolated from umbilical cord tissue of full-term healthy fetus after cesarean section and cultured. Cells in the third passage were used in the experiments after identification. SA strains isolated from wounds of burn patients in our burn wards were used in the experiments. Cells were divided into 0, 10, 100, and 1 000 ng/mL lipopolysaccharide (LPS) groups according to the random number table (the same dividing method below). Cells were cultured with culture medium of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after being treated with medium containing the corresponding mass concentrations of LPS for 12 h. At post culture hour (PCH) 6, 12, and 24, 6 wells of culture supernatant of cells in each group were obtained to measure the content of LL-37 with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Ninety blood agar plates were divided into ciprofloxacin control group (CC), ciprofloxacin+ supernatant group (CS), and ciprofloxacin+ supernatant+ LL-37 antibody group (CSL), with 30 blood agar plates in each group. Blood agar plates in group CC were coated with 1.5×10⁸ colony forming unit (CFU)/mL bacteria solution prepared with normal saline. Blood agar plates in group CS were coated with 1.5×10⁸ CFU/mL bacteria solution prepared with normal saline and culture supernatant of hUCMSCs (cultured by culture medium of MSCs, the same below) in double volume of normal saline. Blood agar plates in group CSL were coated with 1.5×10⁸ CFU/mL bacteria solution prepared with normal saline, culture supernatant of hUCMSCs in double volume of normal saline, and 2.6 μL LL-37 antibody in the concentration of 2 μg/mL. At PCH 12, 24, and 48, 10 blood agar plates of each group were harvested to observe the distribution of SA colony on blood agar plate and to measure the diameter of bacterial inhibition ring of ciprofloxacin. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin against SA of each group was recorded. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) indexes of ciprofloxacin in groups CS and CSL at PCH 12, 24, and 48 were calculated, and the effect of synergy was evaluated. Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, LSD-t test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mann-Whitney U test. Results: (1) At each PCH, the content of LL-37 in culture supernatant of cells in 10, 100, and 1 000 ng/mL LPS groups was higher than that in 0 ng/mL LPS group (with t values from 11.22 to 33.36, P values below 0.01); the content of LL-37 in culture supernatant of cells in 100 and 1 000 ng/mL LPS groups was higher than that in 10 ng/mL LPS group (with t values from 2.24 to 18.73, P<0.05 or P<0.01); the content of LL-37 in culture supernatant of cells in 1 000 ng/mL LPS group was higher than that in 100 ng/mL LPS group (with t values from 12.46 to 14.70, P values below 0.01). (2) At PCH 12, 24, and 48, the bacterial colonies in groups CC, CS, and CSL began to integrate over time. At PCH 12, 24, and 48, the diameters of bacterial inhibition ring of ciprofloxacin in group CC were 26, 24, and 23 mm, respectively, with no obvious change. At PCH 12, 24, and 48, the diameters of bacterial inhibition ring of ciprofloxacin in groups CS and CSL were 82, 71, 68 mm, and 74, 59, 56 mm, respectively, significantly longer than those of group CC. (3) At each PCH, the MIC of ciprofloxacin against SA was significantly higher in group CC than in groups CS and CSL (with Z values from 6.22 to 6.71, P values below 0.01); the MIC of ciprofloxacin against SA was significantly higher in group CSL than in group CS (with Z values all equal to 6.72, P values below 0.01). (4) FIC indexes of ciprofloxacin in groups CS and CSL at PCH 12, 24, and 48 were 0.011, 0.032, 0.032, and 0.122, 0.350, 0.350, respectively. The results indicated that culture supernatant of hUCMSCs had synergistically antibacterial effect on ciprofloxacin. Conclusions hUCMSCs can secrete LL-37, and the secretion level is increased with increase of LPS concentration. Combination of culture supernatant of hUCMSCs and ciprofloxacin can decrease the dosage of ciprofloxacin in resisting SA. Once LL-37 is neutralized, the synergistically antibacterial effect of culture supernatant of hUCMSCs is decreased.

Objective To study the overweight and obesity situation among Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents in the last 25 years and to provide a basis on related prevention and control measures.Methods A cross-sectional study was used,with 18 366 aged 7 to 18 Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents involved.Surveys on their physical health,in 1985,2000 and 2010 were carried out.Comparison on the mean of BMI and the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in different years,genders,location of residence (urban or rural) was also made.Results Over the past 25 years,among the aged 7 to 18 Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents,the overall trend on their means of BMI was increasing.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents were 2.1％,0.5％ in 1985,and 6.3％,2.4％ in 2000,with an increase of 2 to 4 times during the last 15 years.The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were substantially increasing in the year 2010,to have reached 9.1％ and 6.6％,which were 4 to 12 times of the figures in 1985.The detection rates of overweight and obesity in urban boys were 1.2％,0 in 1985,7.9％,3.4％ in 2000 and 11.0％,11.8％ in 2010.However,the rate of obesity in the rural boys were 0.6％ and 0.6％ in 1985,2.8％,2.1％ in 2000 and 9.0％,3.4％ in 2010.In 1985 the rates of overweight and obesity in urban girls were 1.8％,0.3％,8.1％,4.3％ in 2000 and 9.4％,8.4％ in 2010.However,among the rural girls,the prevalence rates of overweight and obesity prevalence was 8.8％,2.2％ in 1985,4.5％,0.9％,in 2000 and 10.2％,4.5％ in 2010.The rates of overweight and obesity among groups in different years showed significant differences (P＜0.05).Conclusion Over the past 25 years,the prevalence rates on overweight and obesity increased significantly in Mongolian ethnic children and adolescents,and continued to rise,which called for reasonable and effective measures to be taken to prevent and control the occurrence of the problem.

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of drilling through the growth plate and using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to treat femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis,which can be done in juvenile rabbits.Passage-four bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled ADSCs were cultured,assayed with MTT to determine their viability and stained with alizarin red dye to determine their osteogenic ability.Two-month-old,healthy male rabbits (1.2 to 1.4 kg,n=45) underwent ischemic induction and were randomly divided into five groups (group A:animal model control;group B:drilling;group C:drilling & ADSCs;group D:drilling & BMP-2;and group E:drilling & ADSCs & BMP-2).Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),X-ray imaging,hematoxylin and eosin staining and BrdU immunofluorescence detection were applied 4,6 and 10 weeks after treatment.Approximately 90％ of the ADSCs were labeled with BrdU and showed good viability and osteogenic ability.Similar results were observed in the rabbits in groups C and E at weeks 6 and 10.The animals of groups C and E demonstrated normal hip structure and improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of the groups A and B (P＜0.01).Group D demonstrated improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of groups A and B (P＜0.05).In summary,drilling through the growth plate combined with ADSC and BMP-2 treatments induced new bone formation and protected the femoral head epiphysis from collapsing in a juvenile rabbit model of femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis.

To study the constituents of the Prunella vulgaris L, the constituents were isolated by various column chromatography and the structures were identified on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis. One saponin compound (I) and one flavone glycoside compound (II) were obtained from Prunella vulgaris L. Their structures were elucidated as 16-oxo-17-demethyl-3beta,24-dihydroxylolean-12-en-3-O-beta-D-glucuronoside (I), and acacetin-7-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (II). Compound I is a novel triterpenoid saponin and named as prunelloside A. Compound II was obtained for the first time from the Prunella genus.
Flavonoids ; isolation & purification ; Glucosides ; isolation & purification ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Prunella ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

AIM To analyze the component composition of Xeriga-4 Powder,and to determine the contents of phellodendrine,chlorogenic acid,gardenoside,berberine,rutin and curcumin.METHODS The high performance liquid chromatography-Q-exactive orbitrap mass spectrometry(HPLC-Q-Exactive-MS)qualitative analysis was performed on a 35℃thermostatic Agilent ZORBAX SB-Aq column(4.6 mm×150 mm,5 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of methanol-0.1%formic acid flowing at 0.35 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electron spray ionization source was adopted in positive and negative ion scanning.High performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)quantitative analysis was performed on a 35℃thermostatic Shim-pack GIST-HP C18 column(2.1 mm×100 mm,3 μm),with the mobile phase comprising of methanol-0.1%formic acid flowing at 0.25 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and electron spray ionization source was adopted in positive and negative ion scanning with multiple reaction monitoring mode.RESULTS Total 65 constituents were identified,containing 19 alkaloids,13 organic acids,13 flavonoids,7 curcumins,6 iridoids,4 fatty acids,2 aldehydes,and 1 amino acid.Six constituents showed good linear relationships within their own ranges(r≥0.999 1),whose average recoveries were 96.44%-102.37%with the RSDs of 2.05%-3.74%.CONCLUSION This study can provide a reference for the quality control for Xieriga-4 Powder.

Objective:To explore the mechanism of treatment of jaundice with Canhuang tablets by molecular docking. Method:The compounds of Canhuang tablets were screened in traditional Chinese medicine systems pharmacology database and analysis platform(TCMSP),and targets for treatment of jaundice were collected from the comparative toxicogenomics database(CTD) and DrugBank database.Molecular docking was carry out on the LibDock module of Discovery Studio 2016 software to evaluate the compound-target interaction,and network characteristics were analyzed. Result:A total of 37 compounds in Canhuang tablets had strong interaction on 14 targets,such as pregnane receptor(PXR),constitutive androstane receptor(CAR),farnesoid X receptor(FXR),et al.These targets played an important role in the treatment of jaundice by regulating bilirubin metabolism,regulating bile acid synthesis and transport,inhibiting immune and inflammatory response,and affecting the formation of collagen in the liver.The compound-target network analysis found that moupinamide,canadine,quercetin,demethoxycurcumin,obacunone,curcumin,corchoroside A,berlambine,alnustone,naringenin were the possible main active compounds of Canhuang tablets,which could interact with more than 7 targets. Conclusion:Molecular docking reveals the possible active compounds and the mechanism of treatment of jaundice with Canhuang tablets,and which is conducive to improvement of quality control standard of this preparation and study of its mechanism for jaundice.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic mechanism of Canhuang tablets on the mRNA and protein expression of farnesoid X receptor (FXR), uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase 1A1 (UGT1A1) and multidrug resistance associated protein 2 (MRP2) in the liver of jaundiced rats induced by α-naphthalene isothiocyanate (ANIT). Method:The rats were divided into normal group, model group, Canhuang tablets (CHP) group and ursodeoxycholic acid tablets (UDCA) group. The jaundice model was reproduced by ANIT. After the intervention of the corresponding drugs, the contents of total bilirubin (TBIL), total bile acid (TBA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in serum and the liver histopathology were examined to evaluate the therapeutic effect of CHP. The relative mRNA and protein expressions of FXR, UGT1A1 and MRP2 in rat liver tissues were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot. Result:CHP can significantly reduce the increase of TBIL, TBA, ALT, AST and ALP caused by ANIT in rat serum, and inhibit the liver pathological changes, which showed that the removing jaundice effect of CHP was better than UDCA. Compared with the normal group, ANIT significantly inhibited the mRNA levels of FXR, UGT1A1 and MRP2 in rat liver tissues after modeling (P<0.01). Compared with the model group, CHP and UDCA significantly increased the mRNA levels of target genes of each protein after intervention (P<0.01), and CHP was superior to UDCA in improving the mRNA level of bilirubin metabolizing enzyme UGT1A1 (P<0.01). In the aspect of affecting protein expression, compared with the normal group, ANIT modeling significantly increased the expression of FXR in rats (P<0.05). CHP intervention showed a tendency to promote the expression of FXR, while UDCA did not, but there was no significant difference between them. In the aspects of promoting bilirubin metabolism and bile excretion, the expressions of UGT1A1 and MRP2 were significantly decreased by ANIT modeling (P<0.01), while the expressions of UGT1A1 and MRP2 proteins were significantly increased after treatment of CHP (P<0.01). CHP was superior to UDCA in increasing the expression of bilirubin and bile acid efflux protein MRP2 (P<0.01). Conclusion:The jaundice abating mechanism of CHP is related to activating FXR mRNA expression in liver, promoting the mRNA and protein expression of bilirubin metabolizing enzyme UGT1A1 and bile acid transporter MRP2, improving liver metabolism of free bilirubin and promoting bile acid excretion from the liver, and alleviating cholestatic liver injury.