The project was carried out to determine total fluoride on Colgate dentifrices. 10 samples of Colgate Dentifrices markerted in Vietnam were analysed. The total fluoride content was determined by measurement of solution voltage with fluoride Ionic Selective Electrode. The results of research showed that the total fluoride content on the above mentioned detifrices is high, stable and is not lower than level of 1,000-1,200 ppm.
Colgate Total ; Quality Control

No abstract available.
Parenteral Nutrition, Total

The Ho Chi Minh Center for hematology and blood transfusion has been completing the quality management network on the blood bank to assure that the blood products meet the requirement of the ISO9002 including quality management of blood donors (standard making, training on the blood collection; clinical tests and quality management in the preservation, storage, transport, distribution of blood and its components.
Blood transfusion ; Total Quality Management

STUDY DESIGN: A review of the literature regarding anterior cervical surgery in degenerative cervical radiculopathy. OBJECTIVES: To review and discuss anterior cervical spine surgery. SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Anterior cervical spine surgery is commonly used to treat numerous pathologic entities and is expected to increase with the development of surgical techniques and instruments. Nevertheless, there is some controversy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literatures review. RESULTS: Surgical treatments using the anterior approach in degenerative cervical disease have shown excellent results. A range of techniques using plate augmentation and artificial disc replacement are now accepted as effective methods. CONCLUSIONS: The appropriate method considering the pathologic status of the patient and surgeon's surgical experience can prevent complications and lead to excellent surgical outcomes.
Humans ; Radiculopathy ; Spine ; Total Disc Replacement

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical effects of three different constrained types of an artificial disc on the implanted and adjacent segments in the lumbar spine using a finite element model (FEM). METHODS: The created intact model was validated by comparing the flexion-extension response without pre-load with the corresponding results obtained from the published experimental studies. The validated intact lumbar model was tested after implantation of three artificial discs at L4-5. Each implanted model was subjected to a combination of 400 N follower load and 5 Nm of flexion/extension moments. ABAQUStrade mark version 6.5 (ABAQUS Inc., Providence, RI, USA) and FEMAP version 8.20 (Electronic Data Systems Corp., Plano, TX, USA) were used for meshing and analysis of geometry of the intact and implanted models. RESULTS: Under the flexion load, the intersegmental rotation angles of all the implanted models were similar to that of the intact model, but under the extension load, the values were greater than that of the intact model. The facet contact loads of three implanted models were greater than the loads observed with the intact model. CONCLUSION: Under the flexion load, three types of the implanted model at the L4-5 level showed the intersegmental rotation angle similar to the one measured with the intact model. Under the extension load, all of the artificial disc implanted models demonstrated an increased extension rotational angle at the operated level (L4-5), resulting in an increase under the facet contact load when compared with the adjacent segments. The increased facet load may lead to facet degeneration.
Information Systems ; Spine ; Total Disc Replacement

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total* ; Sepsis*

No abstract available.
Incidence* ; Nurseries* ; Parenteral Nutrition, Total* ; Pharmacy* ; Sepsis*

Direct anterior approach for lesions located anterior to the thecal sac is definitely superior to lateral or posterior approach in many respects. However, various anatomical obstacles and technical difficulties often hinder direct anterior approach. Thanks to ripe experience of retroperitoneal approach to the lumbar spine for anterior lumbar interbody fusion and total disc replacement, the authors could perform lumbar corpectomy and reconstruction by using midline retroperitoneal approach recently. During this approach, we repaired anterior longitudinal ligament also to reduce the risk of graft extrusion and to prevent erosion of vascular wall due to direct contact between metallic hardware, which was used for reconstruction of vertebral body, and major vessels.
Longitudinal Ligaments ; Spine ; Total Disc Replacement ; Transplants

estimation ; Serum total protein level ; Albumins

The Continuing Professional Development (CPD) program of Korean medical doctors had problems that did not resolve for many years. The primary concern of this study is to examine the problems of the CPD program of Korean medical doctors and to suggest practical guidelines to resolve such barriers. The findings show that the major barrier for improving CPD program is the lack of total quality management. Such lack came from insufficient manpower to plan, execute, and evaluate the CPD programs. The insufficient financial support aggravated the situation. In order to enhance the CPD program, various problems in planning, executing, evaluation stage must be dealt. Specific plans and resolutions in each stage have been suggested.
Financial Support ; Porphyrins ; Program Development ; Total Quality Management