Objective To analyze the relationship between serum intermedin ( IMD ) , CystatinC ( CysC ) and fibro-blast growth factor23(FGF23) with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (HLVH). Methods Serum IMD,Cy-sC and FGF23 levels of 30 patients with essential hypertension(EH group),30 hypertensions with LVH(HLVH group)and 30 healthy subjects(control group)were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). All the subjects did UCG for LVMI. Results LVMI and serum IMD,CysC,FGF23 levels were significantly higher in EH group than in control(P<0. 05),higher in HLVH group than in EH and control groups(P<0. 05). In the pa-tients with hypertension LVMI and serum IMD,CysC,FGF23 levels were increasing with increased blood pressure levels. LVMI level was positively correlated with serum IMD,CysC and FGF23 levels(r=0. 769,0. 517,0. 700;P<0. 01). Line to LVMI level as the dependent variable,multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that:systolic blood pressure( SBP) ,IMD,CysC,homocysteine( Hcy) ,FGF23 entered regression equation. They were independent risk factors for LVMI. Conclusion Serum IMD, CysC and FGF23 levels are closely associated with EH and HLVH. They may participate in the development of EH and affect the process of HLVH. Combined-detection of ser-um IMD,CysC and FGF23 can be used as a reference index for the condition and prognosis of HLVH.

Different levels of screening and treatment planning for many kinds of cancers were designed in many countries,but the screening rate was unreasonable.It reviewed the studies about analyzing stated preference for cancer screening by discrete choice experiments from January 2005 to July 2016.It introduced the background and method of DCE,identified the main factors affecting the attendance of cancer screening and provided theoretical foundation for further development of cancer screening in China.

Objective:To study the status quo of National Essential Medicine System ( NEMS) in village clinics of a province in western China. Methods:Individual in-depth interview was carried out with village doctors and their managers of a province in western China, to understand the subsidies of zero-markup rate, compensations for general medical fees, and status quo of NEMS assessment mechanism and its impacts on prescribing behavior of village doc-tors. Results:In the surveyed area, the intervention of NEMS has not achieved the desired objectives: the prescri-bing behavior of village doctors has not changed significantly;general medical fee system has failed to achieve reason-able compensations;and the assessment mechanism done by village doctor managers has been a mere formality. Con-clusions and Suggestions:To ensure the feasibility, effectiveness and sustainability of the intervention, the area poli-cymakers should take into full consideration the special nature of village doctors.

Objective:To verify the association between social determinants and the quality of life ( QoL) among the elderly in Beijing .Methods:A questionnaire household survey was conducted and 1 685 over 60 dwellers in Beijing were interviewed .The EQ-5D scale was used to measure the elderly ’ s QoL and Time Trade-off model was used to calculate the EQ-5D index.Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were employed to analyze the association between social determinants and the QoL .Results:There was no statistical significant difference in the QoL between the urban and the rural residents ( P>0 .05 ) .The elderly with higher education level and income or married tended to have higher overall QoL scoresand better performance of five dimensions of the QoL (P<0.05).Conclusion:More policies should be focused on the elderly with lower social determinants in both urban and rural areas in Beijing .

Objective To understand the demands of African students on the China?Africa malaria prevention training pro?grams as well as explore further suggestions on the student selection and course content design. Methods A self?administered questionnaire survey was conducted,and all the students who attended in the malaria prevention training courses in 2014 and 2015 were included. The Chi?square test was conducted to analyse the correlations between professional backgrounds ,work stat?ues and training needs. Results A total of 161 individuals were sampled eventually. These participants were trained in either English(58.4%)or French(41.6%). Most of the participants were male(69.3%),the major of them were mainly clinical tech?nology specialty(40.0%),and most of them worked in malaria area within 10 years(56.4%). Moreover,48.2%of the partici?pants used more than 76%of total work time on malaria control,and more than 80%worked in national or provincial/municipal level. The working areas of these participants were focused on clinical field(41.4%)and official field(29.9%),and only a few of them were from research positions(11.9%). The most needed course content in malaria training was strategy and epidemiolo?gy knowledge for malaria prevention and control(65.5%),while clinical workers were most needed to be trained(39.2%). The participants who came from French speaking countries preferred strategy training(χ2=12.528,P<0.01),and those worked in the national level were aslo more likely to choose strategies training course(χ2=10.508,P<0.05). Conclusions Currently, the China?Africa malaria prevention training programs could basically satisfy African students’needs. However,more aimed courses should be designed according to their professional backgrounds,national situation,work experiences on malaria con?trol,and institutional levels.

With the development of the society and economy,the change of the medical model and the improvement of the medical technology jointly raise new requirements on medical talents.In reply to these demands,this paper elaborates systemically the meaning of the health-correlated profession,the neccessity of its development,the way to educate it and its future.

Objective To observe the effect of the soft tissues injury around atlantoaxial joint on memory abilities of mice.Methods 44 mice were divided into the model group and control group with 22 animals in each group.The soft tissues around atlantoaxial joint were injured in the model group by surgery between the first and the second cervical vertebrae.The changes of learning and memory of mice were observed with step-down avoidance test,water-maze test and hole-board test;the expression of caspase-3 in hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining.Results Compared with the control group,escape latency was longer and wrong times were more in water-maze test of the model group(P<0.01). In step-down avoidance test of the model group,the reaction period prolonged and wrong times increased obviously(P<0.01).In hole-board test,the latency period prolonged and the times of extending the holes decreased significantly(P<0.01).Degenerated or dead neuron in hippocampus of surgery-treated mice was found scatteredly or continuously with HE staining,the expression of caspase-3 protein was showed positive with immunohistochemical staining.Conclusion The soft tissues injury arround atlantoaxial joint can induce abnormality of the stability of cervical vertebra,which aggravated the aging process of the mice and decreased abilities of learning and memory.

Objective:To observe the effect of icariin on the osteoporosis of the ovariectomized rats,and to explore the mechanism.Methods:Fifty female rats aged 6 months were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group,positive drug group,low dose of icariin group and high dose of icariin group (n= 10).The rats in positive drug group were given with 1 mg· kg-1 nilestriol every week;the rats in low and high doses of icariin groups were given with 50 and 100 mg · kg-1 icariin every day.The bilateral ovaries of rats were excised by operation to establish the osteoporosis models.2 weeks after operation,the rats were treated with icariin for 12 weeks,and then they were sacrificed by drawing blood from abdominal aorta under anesthesia condion.The bone mineral density (BMD),serum biochemical indicators,bone histomorphology and the expressions of apoptosis-related proteins were detected.Results:Compared with sham operation group,the BMD of the rats in model group was decreased (P <0.01),the serum calcium level was decreased (P <0.05),and the serum phosphorus level was increased (P <0.05),and the serum BGP,ALP,NO and NOS levels were significantly decreased (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Compared with model group,the BMD of the rats in positive drug group and high dose of icariin group were obviously increased (P < 0.01 ), the serum calcium levels were increased, the phosphorus levels were decreased (P <0.05),and the BGP and ALP levels were increased significantly (P < 0.05 ). Compared with control group,the cortical in model group was thinned,the width of bone trabecula was reduced,the Bax and Caspase-3 expression levels in bone tissue were increased,and the Bcl-2 expression level was decreased.Compared with model group,the cortical in icariin group was thicked,the width of bone trabecula was increased,the Bax and Caspase-3 expression levels were decreased,and the Bcl-2 expression level was increased (P <0.05 or P <0.01). Conclusion:Icariin can protect the osteoporosis of ovariectomized rats,the function may be related to the inhibition of apoptosis.

Objective To explore the effects of application of the new model of evidence-based land humanized nursing in patients with universal pustular psoriasis.Methods Divided 84 patients with universal pustular psoriasis into the experimental group (42 cases) and the control group (42 cases) randomly.Evidence-based questions were raised according to the requests about humanized nursing of patients in the experimental group,and then retrieved and screened literature,sought high-level evidence,combined with previous nursing experience,developed new evidence-based and humanized nursing programs and implemented in the experimental group.The control group used conventional care program.Two weeks after admission,pain,anxiety,depression degree and the complications of two groups were compared.Results Two weeks after admission,the patients with 0 to 5 levels of pain in the experimental group was 0,5,26,7,4 and 0 cases respectively,which in the control group was0,0,0,12,20 and 10 cases respectively,the difference was significant between the two groups (U=6.957,P＜0.01).Anxiety and depression scores in the experimental group was (41.35±4.30) and (42.55±7.71) respectively,which in the control group was (51.31±4.56) and(50.36±6.89) respectively,the difference were significant between the two groups (t=10.540 and 4.893,P＜0.01).Conclusions The new model of evidence-based and humanized nursing can effectively improve the effects of humanized nursing in patients with universal pustular psoriasis.