Objective To investigate and analyse the current situation and the factors impacting nursing soft skills in order to provide targeted advice to improve students′ nursing soft skills .Methods Totally 1 000 student nurses were investigated by the nursing soft skills scale and the self‐designed questionnaire .Results First ,there was no differences between the nursing soft skill of students and the national new nurses(P> 0 .05) .But the students′ organizational management and cognitive skills were lower than that of national new nurses(P< 0 .05) .Second ,class leader ,familiarity and fancy for nursing science were the main factors impac‐ting nursing soft skills(P< 0 .05) .Third ,the students′ organizational management and cognitive skills had an increasing trend fol‐lowing the extent of familiarity and fancy for nursing science(P< 0 .05) .Conclusion Education management institution and nursing schools should try to make some reform mearsure to improve students′ nursing soft skills .

OBJECTIVE: To study the risk factors and interaction of nasal septal perforation (NSP) in rats. METHOD: Animals (n=120) that underwent unilateral nasal obstruction using Merocel nasal packing or gelfoam with/without standard staphylococcus aureus inoculation were observed for the formation of NSP at 2, 3, 5, and 7 days after operation by endoscope system. Following sacrifice at 7 days, the obtained nasal secretions were prepared for bacterial culture. Experimental interventions were compared with normal controls (n=10). RESULT: Perforation of nasal septum was observed in 80% of the animals accepted nasal obstruction using Merocel nasal packing with standard staphylococcus aureus inoculation in 3 days (P < 0.01), while in 70% of those using abacterial Merocel nasal packing in 5 days (P < 0.05) and no significant difference than that of before (P > 0.05). There was a weak region in anteroinferior nasal septum in rats, which the almost NSPs located in. The position of NSP does not overlap Merocel. CONCLUSION The interaction of risk factors contributes to NSP. The occurrence of NSP mainly depends on the construction of nasal septum, while dysaemia is also necessary. Obstruction of nasal drainage and infection promote the development of NSP.
Animals ; Causality ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Nasal Obstruction ; microbiology ; pathology ; Nasal Septal Perforation ; etiology ; Nasal Septum ; anatomy & histology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Risk Factors ; Staphylococcal Infections ; pathology

Objective: To evaluate the expression of OCT4 and SALL4 in testicular diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and the utility of an immunohistochemical (IHC) panel of OCT4, SALL4 and CD20 in the differential diagnosis of DLBCL and GCT of the testis. Methods: Eighteen cases of testicular DLBCL were selected.IHC method was used to detect the protein expression of CD20, CD3, CD5, CD10, bcl-6, MUM1, Ki-67, bcl-2, c-MYC, OCT4 and SALL4. Results: Among the 18 cases, CD20 and PAX5 were strongly and diffusely expressed in all cases, while CD21, CD3, cyclinD1, SALL4, CD117 and PLAP were all negative. CD5, bcl-2 and c-myc were expressed in 3, 16 and 8 cases, respectively. Ki-67 proliferation index ranged from 40%-95%. Bcl-2 and c-MYC were co-expressed in seven cases. Four cases were GCB-DLBCL and the remaining 14 cases were non-GCB-DLBCL, according to Hans algorithm. Nuclear OCT4 expression was present in two cases, which demonstrated moderate expression in >50% of neoplastic cells. Univariate analysis showed that clinical stage, CD5 and OCT4 expression were relevant to prognosis. Multivariate Cox regression analysis further confirmed that clinical stage, CD5 and OCT4 were independent prognostic factors in patients with testicular DLBCL. Conclusions Care should be exercised in using OCT4 as the sole marker of germ cell differentiation in the testis. The association of OCT4 and CD5, bcl-2 co-expression raises the question of whether OCT4 expression in DLBCL may reflect more aggressive biology.

Objective To investigate the relationship between expression of PDGFRA /CMYC and clinicopathologic features of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma .Methods Fifty-four cases of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma were included in the study .Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CD20, CD2, CD3, CD56, TIA1,GrB, Ki-67, PDGFRA and CMYC.In situ hybridization was performed to detect the presence of EBV encoded small RNA ( EBER).Fifty cases of nasopharyngeal mucosal lymphoid tissue hyperplasia were used as normal control .Results Among 54 cases of ENKTL,CD2, CD3, GrB, and TIA1 were expressed in all the tumors .CD56 was expressed in 47 cases ( 81.0%) and CD20 was not detectable in any cases.Ki-67 proliferative index expression of >60%was found in 45 cases (83.3%).In situ hybridization for EBER was positive in all cases (100%).The positive expression rates of PDGFRA and CMYC in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphomas were 51.9%(28/54) and 53.7%(29/54), respectively, much higher than those in nasopharyngeal mucosal lymphoid tissue hyperplasia ( 0, P <0.05 ) .There was a positive correlation between PDGFRA and CMYC (r=0.295, P<0.05).The expression of CMYC was correlated with clinical efficacy (P<0.05), but not with gender, age, Ann Arbor stage, B symptoms and therapeutic regimen ( all P >0.05 ) .The expression of PDGFRA was correlated with B symptoms ( P <0.05), while not with gender, age, Ann Arbor stage, therapeutic regimen and clinical efficacy (all P>0.05).The co-expression of PDGFRA and CMYC was not correlated with gender , age, Ann Arbor stage, B symptoms, therapeutic regimen and clinical efficacy (P>0.05).Univariate analysis showed that the stage , clinical efficacy , CMYC protein and the co-expression of PDGFRA and CMYC were significantly correlated with the prognosis.The overall survival of the patients with CMYC positive expression was shorter than of that of the patients with negative expression ( P <0.05 ) .Multivariable Cox regression analysis further confirmed that clinical stage , CMYC protein expression , and the co-expression of PDGFRA and CMYC were independent prognostic factors in patients with extranodal NK /T-cell lymphoma .Conclusion CMYC protein, and the co-expression of PDGFRA and CMYC can be as an independent prognostic factor in patients with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma and influence the prognosis of patients .

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma/undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (DDEC/UDEC) with loss of expression of SMARCA4.Methods:A total of 10 cases with loss of expression of SMARCA4 were diagnosed at Fujian Cancer Hospital between January 2019 and December 2023. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics, morphology, immunophenotype, molecular classification, and prognosis.Results:(1) Clinical characteristics: among 10 cases of DDEC/UDEC with loss of expression of SMARCA4, the patients′ age ranged from 48 to 65 years, with a median age of 56 years.Five cases were classified as International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ, while the remaining five were categorized as stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ. (2) Pathological features: tumor cells exhibited poor cell adhesion, with common intravascular tumor emboli (8/10), occasional vacuolated nuclei (6/10), rhabdoid cells (4/10), and starry sky phenomenon formed by tissue cell phagocytosis apoptosis bodies or fragments (4/10). Six cases (6/10) showed loss of mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression, two cases (2/10) exhibited p53 mutant expression, and five cases (5/10) tested positive for programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). (3) Molecular subtyping: molecular subtyping revealed POLEmut in 1 case (1/10), mismatch repair deficient (MMR-d) in 5 cases (5/10), p53 abn in 1 case (1/10), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) in 3 cases (3/10). (4) Prognosis: the follow-up period ranged from 7 to 42 months, with a median of 20 months. Five patients succumbed to the tumor, whereas the remaining five exhibited no recurrence during subsequent postoperative evaluations. The 2-year progression-free survival rates and overall survival rates were 58.3% and 52.5%, respectively.Conclusions:Loss of expression of SMARCA4 occurs in approximately 1/5 of DDEC/UDEC, which presents with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. About half of them show MMR protein loss expression and PD-L1 positive expression, suggesting that there might be benefit from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.