To provide necessary evidence for studying the pharmacological and clinical effectiveness of Styela clava,the quantities of 21 chemical elements in Styela clava were analysised.It was found that the quantities of several mineral elements in it were higher than that in sea water,which indicated Styela clava had a relatively high ability to concentrate mineral elements.

One confirmed diagnosiscase of severe human infection by avian influenza H7N9 admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University on January 12th, 2017 was reported. The patient was treated with the sepsis bundle, and recovered finally, including a series of comprehensive treatments, such as respiratory support, circulation support, antiviral, anti-inflammation, immunization enhancement, critical nursing, fluid management, nutritional support and treatment of complications. The critical patient was admitted on January 27th, and the treatment was successful. It has important significance to rescue the severe human infection from avian influenza H7N9 by the sepsis bundle.

AIM: To investigate the effects of insulin on aortic constriction caused by endothelin-1(ET-1) in normal and hyperglycemic rats. METHODS: Hyperglycemic rat models were prepared. Two aortic rings were immersed in the Krebs-Hensleit fluid with and without insulin (40 mIU/L) and the responses of rings to 10 -9 mol/L ET-1 were observed. RESULTS:ET-1 induced more obvious aortic ring constriction in normal rats than those in hyperglycemic rats ( P

AIM: To make hyperglycemia models and observe the effects of hyperglycemia on expressive type transformation of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) in rats METHODS: Using tissue culture and radioactivity analysis methods RESULTS:①Hyperglycemia group was lower than control group in NO - 2 content, nitric oxide synthase activity and cGMP content;②Hyperglycemia group was higher than control group in endothelin, insulin, total chdesterol and [ 3H]-TdR penetrated rate of VSMC CONCLUSION: It was possible that hyperglycemia reduces the expressive type of VSMC to change and promotes VSMC proliferation

Human infection with avian influenza A (H7N9) is an acute contagious respiratory disease. Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common complication in patients with severe avian influenza A (H7N9), for whom mechanical ventilation (MV) is an important supportive method. A patient, suffered from severe avian influenza A (H7N9) and complicated with ARDS, was admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University in January 2017. With very intensive care for oxygenation, respiration and consciousness, and monitoring, she was successfully cured by comprehensive managements, among which noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) was the major respiratory support method. The result demonstrate that, in patients with conscious state, satisfied expectoration ability and relatively good cooperation, and with close observation of oxygenation and respiratory rate, NIV may be accepted as an effective method for patient with ARDS caused by severe avian influenza A (H7N9).

Objective To retrospectively analyze the clinical data of 47 young NSCLC patients mutation style of EGFR and PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, to understand their clinicopathological and molecular characteristics. Methods We enrolled 47 young (≤40 years old) patients confirmed as NSCLC who underwent surgical resection, and 94 old patients (≥60 years old) were matched as 1:2 by R language. EGFR mutation status was detected by ARMS-PCR, and the expression of PD-L1 was detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The median age of 47 young patients with NSCLC was 37 years old. The disease was more common in women and the majority type was adenocarcinoma. In youth group, the 19del and 20ins were more frequent, but the exon 21 L858R point mutation proportion was higher in elder group. The expression of PD-L1 was significantly increased in the solid predominant histological subtype. The PD-L1 expression in 19del patients was higher than that in the patients with L858R mutation in youth group. Conclusion The majority of young NSCLC patients are female, nonsmokers and suffered from adenocarcinoma cancer. The proportion of EGFR alteration in 19del and 20ins in youth group is higher than that in elder group. The positive rate of PD-L1 expression in solid predominant histological subtype is higher than that with other subtypes. The expression of PD-L1 in young patients with EGFR 19del is higher than that with L858R.

Background and objectiveEpidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) are the standard ifrst-line treatment regimen forEGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. However, the ef-ifcacy of EGFR-TKIs widely varies. hTe aim of this study is to determine whether the pretreatment serum cytokeratin-19 frag-ments (CYFAR21-1) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) are associated with the effcacy of EGFR-TKIs inEGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled 194 NSCLC patients harboringEGFR mutations who received EGFR-TKIs. Clinical characteristics were collected, and the relation between the effcacy of EGFR-TKIs and pretreatment serum CYFAR21-1 and CEA was analyzed.Results In all cases, progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with high CYFAR21-1 level was signiifcantly shorter than PFS in patients with normal CYFAR21-1 (7.0vs 11.9 months,P<0.001). Overall survival (OS) in patients with high CYFAR21-1 was signiifcantly shorter than in the normal-CYFAR21-1 group (12.6vs28.0 months, P<0.001). In adenocarcinoma patients, PFS in the high-CYFAR21-1 level group was signiifcantly shorter than in patients with normal CYFAR21-1 (7.0vs 12.0 months,P<0.001). OS in patients with high CYFAR21-1 was signiifcantly shorter than that in the normal-CYFAR21-1 group (13.1vs 28.1 months,P<0.001). Among squamous carcinoma patients, CYFAR21-1 level did not affect survival. No signiifcant difference in PFS and OS was observed between patients with high CEA and patients with normal CEA.ConclusionEGFR-mutated patients with high CYFAR21-1 had signiifcantly shorter PFS and OS than patients with normal CYFAR21-1 atfer receiving EGFR-TKIs. Pretreatment serum CYFR21-1 level was a predictive marker of EGFR-TKI treatment inEGFR-mutated NSCLC patients.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of dedifferentiated endometrial carcinoma/undifferentiated endometrial carcinoma (DDEC/UDEC) with loss of expression of SMARCA4.Methods:A total of 10 cases with loss of expression of SMARCA4 were diagnosed at Fujian Cancer Hospital between January 2019 and December 2023. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics, morphology, immunophenotype, molecular classification, and prognosis.Results:(1) Clinical characteristics: among 10 cases of DDEC/UDEC with loss of expression of SMARCA4, the patients′ age ranged from 48 to 65 years, with a median age of 56 years.Five cases were classified as International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages Ⅰ-Ⅱ, while the remaining five were categorized as stages Ⅲ-Ⅳ. (2) Pathological features: tumor cells exhibited poor cell adhesion, with common intravascular tumor emboli (8/10), occasional vacuolated nuclei (6/10), rhabdoid cells (4/10), and starry sky phenomenon formed by tissue cell phagocytosis apoptosis bodies or fragments (4/10). Six cases (6/10) showed loss of mismatch repair (MMR) protein expression, two cases (2/10) exhibited p53 mutant expression, and five cases (5/10) tested positive for programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1). (3) Molecular subtyping: molecular subtyping revealed POLEmut in 1 case (1/10), mismatch repair deficient (MMR-d) in 5 cases (5/10), p53 abn in 1 case (1/10), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) in 3 cases (3/10). (4) Prognosis: the follow-up period ranged from 7 to 42 months, with a median of 20 months. Five patients succumbed to the tumor, whereas the remaining five exhibited no recurrence during subsequent postoperative evaluations. The 2-year progression-free survival rates and overall survival rates were 58.3% and 52.5%, respectively.Conclusions:Loss of expression of SMARCA4 occurs in approximately 1/5 of DDEC/UDEC, which presents with an aggressive clinical course and a poor prognosis. About half of them show MMR protein loss expression and PD-L1 positive expression, suggesting that there might be benefit from treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Objective:To investigate the detection of bone marrow tumor cells in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and their relationship with clinical features, treatment response and prognosis.Methods:A total of 113patients with newly diagnosed SCLC from January 2018 to October 2022 at Beijing Chest Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Before treatment, bone marrow was aspirated and separately submitted for tumor cells detection by liquid-based cytology and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) detection by the substrction enrichment and immunostaining fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) platform. The correlation between the detection results of the two methods with patients' clinical features and treatment response was evaluated by Chi-square. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to create survival curves and the Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The positive rate of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in SCLC was 15.93% (18/113). The liver and bone metastases rates were significantly higher (55.56% vs 11.58% for liver metastasis, P＜0.001; 77.78% vs 16.84% for bone metastasis, P＜0.001) and thrombocytopenia was more common (16.67% vs 2.11%, P=0.033) in patients with tumor cells detected in liquid-based cytology than those without detected tumor cells. As for SE-iFISH, DTCs were detected in 92.92% of patients (105/113), the liver and bone metastasis rates were significantly higher (37.93% vs 11.90% for liver metastasis, P=0.002; 44.83% vs 20.23 % for bone metastasis, P=0.010), and the incidence of thrombocytopenia was significantly increased (13.79% vs 1.19%, P=0.020) in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml. The positive rates of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in the disease control group and the disease progression group were 12.00% (12/100) and 46.15% (6/13), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.002). However, the result of SE-iFISH revealed the DTCs quantities of the above two groups were 29 (8,110) and 64 (15,257) per 3 ml, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( P=0.329). Univariate analysis depicted that the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of liquid-based cytology positive patients were significantly shorter than those of tumor cell negative patients (6.33 months vs 9.27 months for PFS, P=0.019; 8.03 months vs 19.50 months for OS, P=0.019, P=0.033). The median PFS and median OS in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml decreased significantly than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml (6.83 months vs 9.50 months for PFS, P=0.004; 11.2 months vs 20.60 months for OS, P=0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that disease stage ( HR=2.806, 95% CI:1.499-5.251, P=0.001) and DTCs quantity detected by SE-iFISH ( HR=1.841, 95% CI:1.095-3.095, P=0.021) were independent factors of PFS, while disease stage was the independent factor of OS ( HR=2.538, 95% CI:1.169-5.512, P=0.019). Conclusions:Both bone marrow liquid-based cytology and SE-iFISH are clinically feasible. The positive detection of liquid-based cytology or DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was correlated with distant metastasis, and DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was an independent prognostic factor of decreased PFS in SCLC.

Objective:To investigate the detection of bone marrow tumor cells in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) patients and their relationship with clinical features, treatment response and prognosis.Methods:A total of 113patients with newly diagnosed SCLC from January 2018 to October 2022 at Beijing Chest Hospital were prospectively enrolled. Before treatment, bone marrow was aspirated and separately submitted for tumor cells detection by liquid-based cytology and disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) detection by the substrction enrichment and immunostaining fluorescence in situ hybridization (SE-iFISH) platform. The correlation between the detection results of the two methods with patients' clinical features and treatment response was evaluated by Chi-square. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to create survival curves and the Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis.Results:The positive rate of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in SCLC was 15.93% (18/113). The liver and bone metastases rates were significantly higher (55.56% vs 11.58% for liver metastasis, P＜0.001; 77.78% vs 16.84% for bone metastasis, P＜0.001) and thrombocytopenia was more common (16.67% vs 2.11%, P=0.033) in patients with tumor cells detected in liquid-based cytology than those without detected tumor cells. As for SE-iFISH, DTCs were detected in 92.92% of patients (105/113), the liver and bone metastasis rates were significantly higher (37.93% vs 11.90% for liver metastasis, P=0.002; 44.83% vs 20.23 % for bone metastasis, P=0.010), and the incidence of thrombocytopenia was significantly increased (13.79% vs 1.19%, P=0.020) in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml. The positive rates of bone marrow liquid-based cytology in the disease control group and the disease progression group were 12.00% (12/100) and 46.15% (6/13), respectively, and the difference was statistically significant ( P=0.002). However, the result of SE-iFISH revealed the DTCs quantities of the above two groups were 29 (8,110) and 64 (15,257) per 3 ml, and there was no statistical difference between the two groups ( P=0.329). Univariate analysis depicted that the median progression-free survival (PFS) and median overall survival (OS) of liquid-based cytology positive patients were significantly shorter than those of tumor cell negative patients (6.33 months vs 9.27 months for PFS, P=0.019; 8.03 months vs 19.50 months for OS, P=0.019, P=0.033). The median PFS and median OS in patients with DTCs≥111 per 3 ml decreased significantly than those with DTCs＜111 per 3 ml (6.83 months vs 9.50 months for PFS, P=0.004; 11.2 months vs 20.60 months for OS, P=0.019). Multivariate analysis showed that disease stage ( HR=2.806, 95% CI:1.499-5.251, P=0.001) and DTCs quantity detected by SE-iFISH ( HR=1.841, 95% CI:1.095-3.095, P=0.021) were independent factors of PFS, while disease stage was the independent factor of OS ( HR=2.538, 95% CI:1.169-5.512, P=0.019). Conclusions:Both bone marrow liquid-based cytology and SE-iFISH are clinically feasible. The positive detection of liquid-based cytology or DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was correlated with distant metastasis, and DTCs≥111 per 3 ml was an independent prognostic factor of decreased PFS in SCLC.