With worldwide improvements in the regulations of international and domestic clinical trial conductions, the quality of clinical trials and trial data management are receiving a great deal of attention. To ensure the quality of clinical trials, maintain business flexibilities and effectively utilize internal and external resources, the outsourcing model is used in the management of clinical data in operation of pharmaceutical companies. The essential criteria of a successful outsourcing mode in clinical trial are selection of qualified contract research organizations (CRO); establishment of appropriate outsourcing model, and generation of effective quality control systems to ensure the authenticity, integrity and accuracy of the clinical trial data.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; Outsourced Services ; Quality Control

With worldwide improvements in the regulations of international and domestic clinical trial conductions, the quality of clinical trials and trial data management are receiving a great deal of attention. To ensure the quality of clinical trials, maintain business flexibilities and effectively utilize internal and external resources, the outsourcing model is used in the management of clinical data in operation of pharmaceutical companies. The essential criteria of a successful outsourcing mode in clinical trial are selection of qualified contract research organizations (CRO); establishment of appropriate outsourcing model, and generation of effective quality control systems to ensure the authenticity, integrity and accuracy of the clinical trial data.

Objective The application of modern information technology to manage critical values of clinical examination,in order to improve the management level of patients safety and reduce the medical risk.Methods The critical values reminder in medical security alert system is developed and applied,the core module of the system are warning monitor of equipment record and SMS warning monitor of alerting in testing critical value.Results Through the application of system,the information of testing critical values are obtained duly,comprehensively and accurately,the notification time of clinical testing critical values are abbreviated,the notification scopes are spread and achieved the management of critical value at different levels.Conclusion The application of the system can be perfected the management of critical values,ensured patients safety,improved the medical quality and enhanced the management level of hospital,and then the system has become another example of informationization creating value.

Objects:To investigate the current situation of interpersonal communication inpreparatory students in one Xinjiang medical college from the exchanges between students.Methods:Using self-developed questionnaire,a survey was conducted among 200 preparatory students and depth interviews were conducted for typical cases.Results:Preppies showed a strong willing of interpersonal communication.In the process of students' interaction,some features were presented as followings:pure motives but dissimilarity,narrow range of interactions,lack of interaction ability and the single form of social activities.Conclusion:Based on the above current situation of interpersonal communication in preparatory students,it should enhance the language application ability of preparatory stage,change the idea and attach importance to the education of humanistic quality in preparatory education and train preppy's expression and listening art.

Candidiasis, Oral ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; microbiology ; Humans

Objective To investigate the cognitive impairment of middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM). Methods Wechsler adult intelligence scale-Chinese revised edition (WATS-RC) was used as the tool to examine the cognitive function of middle-aged patients with T2DM and the healthy controls in 51 cases. The t-test was used to compare the differences in score between patients and the control group. The patients were divided into two groups with or without cognitive dysfunction. The logistic regression analysis was made for all the variables to confirm risk factors for the cognitive dysfunction in diabetes. Results The WAITS-RC scores of digit-symbol coding test and block design test were much lower(P<0.05) in diabetes versus control group. The other tests showed no significant difference. The cognitive function was negatively correlated with HbA_1>c and HOMA-IR by logistic regression analysis. Conclusions For middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes, their cognitive functions such as learning ability, analysis and comprehensive capabilities are impaired. The cognitive function is closely related with HbA_1c and HOMA-IR.

It is inevitable for hospitals to introduce the concept of hospital client relationship management in order to upgrade service quality．The large population and number of visits of patients have been the bottle-neck for hospitals to implement management of hospital client relationship．Digital technologies make it possible for the hospital to utilize the internal clinical data systems inside the hospital and the communication platforms outside the hospital so as to implement functions of instant interaction and collective management such as one-to-one conversation,SMS,voice messages,emails,etc．This paper has addressed the features of hospital client relationship management,the structure and major functions of a digital platform for hospital client relationship management and its implications and conclusions.

Objective To investigate the genetic polymorphism of the transmembrane region of the MICA locus in Guangdong Han population,and to protract the genetic distance in different populations.Methods DNA samples from 106 unrelated Han individuals were genotyped by PCR to analyze the frequencies of MICA alleles.The genetic distance was estimated and the phylogenetic tree was protracted by DISPAN Software.Results In total,5 alleles of MICA-TM were observed,they were A4,A5,A5.1,A6 and A9.MICA-TM A5 was the dominant allele(0.2877),whereas A4 was the least popular one(0.1321).From genetic distance and phylogenetic tree we made,the preliminary finding is that Chinese Hans may have migrated from southwest China to northern and southern China.Conclusion MICA-TM locus has high genetic polymorphism and obvious variance in different populations.Since the genetic distance could be estimated effectively through MICA-TM locus,it could serve as the genetic marker in human migration and evolution research.

Objective To evaluate the percentage of agreement between the ultrasonographic data and the surgical findings,and investigate the characteristics of the ultrasonographic imaging of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.Methods B-scan ultrasonography was performed in 48 patients (62 eyes ) affected by proliferative diabetic retinopathy,before vitreoretinal surgery,by observing and recording the position,shape,range,to evaluate the percentage of agreement between the ultrasonographic data and surgical findings.Results Ultrasonography can show kinds of vitreoretinal changes clearly,and is not affected by the opacity of refractive media.The agreement was quite good for the pathological changes of proliferative diabetic retinopathy.The accurate rates of diagnosis of vitreous hemorrhage,posterior vitreous detachment,retinal detachment,vitreal membranes,vitreoretinal adhesions and preretinal membranes were 100%, 91.9%, 94.9%, 96.4%, 80.0% and 87.9%,respectively.Conclusions B-scan ultrasonography is valuable in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and favorable in the ophthalmic clinic practice.