55 consecutive anatrophic nephrolithotomies on 53 patients performed between July, 1983 and June, 1990 were reviewed. The patients (36 male and 19 female) ranged in age from 3 to 72 years. The operation time averaged 219.8 minutes with a range of 120-330 minutes, and the ischemic time ranged between 20 and 90 minutes, with a mean of 43.5 minutes. Postoperative complications developed in 18 patients, which were such as persistent urinary tract infection in 5cases (9.4%), atelectasis in 4 (7.5%), transient urine leak in 2 (3.8%), delayed bleeding in 2 (3.8%) and urinary retention in 2 (3.8%). Postoperative residual stones were identified in 15 (27.3%), but in 8 of these 15patients stones were delivered spontaneously and thus 48 of 55 cases (87.3%) became stone free. The recurrence of stone was noted in 2 out of 48 patients during the short follow up period. Anatrophic nephrolithotomy seems to be an effective method compared to other procedure because of decreasing recurrence of stone by complete stone removal and reconstruction of abnormal collecting system.
Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Postoperative Complications ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Recurrence ; Urinary Retention ; Urinary Tract Infections

Objective To investigate the attitude of medical students towards standardized resident training in Shanghai and to provide references for policy adjustment.Methods Self-made questionnaire was used to investigate the attitude of 267 clinical medical students towards standardized resident training in Shanghai.Reference reviewing and expert consultation were also performed.Results Nearly eighty percent of students believed that they had basic knowledge of the training.Two thirds of students hold objective attitude towards the policy.Conclusions Income and pressure in finding jobs are the main reasons why students object the policy.Standardized resident training program need to improve in aspects of advertisement,incoming,quality of teaching staff,connection between medical education and training.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of ganciclovir in viral keratitis and its influence on serum related indicators.Methods Patients with viral keratitis from May 2012 to December 2013 in our hospital were randomly divided into control and observation groups, each group had 62 cases.Patients in control group were treated with acyclovir eye drops, and those in observation group were treated with ganci-clovir ophthalmic gel.The difference in efficacy of two groups was compared.The levels of serum inflamma-tory cytokines of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), and interferon-γ( IFN-γ) of two groups before and after treatment were compared, the serum levels of nitric oxide ( NO) , super oxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), C3, and C-reactive protein (CRP) were been compared.Results The pain relief time and corneal healing time of observation group [(3.41 ±0.89)d and (4.02 ±1.11)d] were all shorter than control group [(4.52 ±1.21)d and (6.30 ±1.45)d].The cure rate and total effective rate of observation group were 58.06%and 90.32%, respectively.It was sig-nificantly higher than control group ( P <0.05).After 3 and 7 days of treatment, the serum levels of IL-4, IL-6, and IL-8 were lower than control group, and IL-2, and IFN-γwere higher than control group (33.87%and 82.26%) ( P <0.05).After 3 and 7 days of treatment, the serum levels of NO and MDA were lower than control group, and SOD, C3, and CRP were higher than control group ( P <0.05).Con-clusions Ganciclovir has a better efficacy than acyclovir for viral keratitis, and can effectively adjust the serum levels of related indicators.

OBJECTIVE To choose a better disinfection method with quickness,credible effect,innocuity and no stimulation from the KangaKing glutaraldehyde fumigation disinfection cabinet(KangaKing cabinet) and the traditional formaldehyde fumigation box.METHODS The samples were collected and the bacteria were cultivated at different time after use of KangaKing cabinet or formaldehyde fumigation box.Their sterile effect was analyzed.The sterile effect of the upper chamber and the different layers of KangaKing cabinet was analyzed too.RESULTS The positive rate of the sample was 100% before disinfection;the sterile effect after 2h disinfection by KangaKing cabinet was obviously better than that of formaldehyde fumigation box(P

Objective: To understand the study status of Extended Release Venlafaxine (Venlafaxine ER) in the treatment of depression and its efficacy in China. Methods: 8 papers on Venlafaxine ER treatment of depression were indexed and reviewed with evidence-based medicine method. Results:7 of 8 studies were RCT. The effect size of Venlafaxine ER in the treatment of depression at the end of week 2 was more significant than that of SSRIs (Z=-2.17,P

Objective To better understand the pathogenicity and evolution of Yersinia pestis, we carried out the whole genome sequencing of human-avirulent Yersinia pestis strain 91001, which was isolated from a species of rodent-Microtus brandti. Methods We utilized “whole genome shotgun” approach to get the genome sequence of 91001. Based on the finished and annotated genome sequence of 91001, as well as the previously published genome sequences of CO92 and KIM, we performed detailed comparative genomics analysis on their chromosomes and plasmids. Results The genome of 91001 consisted of one chromosome and four plasmids (pPCP1, pCD1, pMT1 and pCRY). The pPCP1 plasmid of 9 609bp was almost identical with its counterparts from reference strains, which possessed 10 CDS. Plasmid pCD1 was found to be a plasmid of the type III secretory apparatus, and its length was 70 159bp. Although its CDS are quite similar to those of the reference plasmids, there were obvious rearrangements which produced certain differences in structure among them. Another plasmid was pMT1, a 106 642bp plasmid, which showed slightly different architecture compared with the reference ones. There was no mutation in virulent-related genes of pMT1 and pMT1 of 91001, which seemed to have retained more fragments of an ancestor plasmid. pCRY was a novel plasmid discovered in this work. It was 21 742bp long and harbored a group of gene encoding type IV secretory system. pCRY seemed to be able to replicate. The length of chromosome of 91001 was 4 595 065bp, and among its 4 037 predicted CDS (coding sequences), 141 were possibly pseudogenes. There were many IS in the chromosome. Due to the rearrangments mediated by IS, the structure of 91001 chromosome showed significant differences compared with CO92 and KIM. According to the results of comparative genomics analysis, we deduced the genetic mechanisms of nitrate reduction, glycerol fermentation, arabinose and milibiose utilization in 91001. Conclusion According to the analysis of plasmids structure, pseudogenes distribution, nitrate reduction negative mechanism, gene comparison and chromosome architecture, we conclude that 91001 and other strains isolated from Microtus brandti and Microtus fuscus evolved from ancestor Y. pestis and then developed into a different lineage. The deletion of large genome fragments from 91001 chromosome and pseuogenes might contribute to its unqiue pathogenicity and host-specificity.

Objective To establish reliable proteomics analysis models for Yersinia pestis and obtain the basic proteomics data of this pathogen. Methods The human-avirulent Y. pestis strain 91001 was cultured as an experimental strain, and the proteins of which were extracted and divided into three parts fractionally according to their solubility. Then three different methods (Shotgun-LC-MS-MS, 1D-LC-MS-MS and 2D-MS) were used to analyze the extracted proteins. The obtained data were compared with the theoretical protein database of strain 91001 so as to identify the expressed protein of Y.pestis strain 91001 in this study. Results 971 proteins were identified by shotgun-LC-MS-MS method, accounting for 23.4% of the predicted proteins of strain 91001 (971/4 143). 915 proteins were identified by 1D-LC-MS-MS method, accounting for 22.1% of the predicted proteins of strain 91001 (915/4 143). However, with 2D-MS only 5.62% of the predicted proteins (233/4 143) were identified. Altogether 1 193 proteins were identified when the results of the 3 methods added together, accounting for 28.7% of all the predicted CDS in 91001. Conclusion The kind and quantity of proteins identified by various proteomics methods differ from each other dramatically, therefore it is necessary to utilize multiple methods to get more reliable protein profiles of Y. pestis.

Adult ; Frontal Lobe ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Male ; Radiography ; Tuberculoma ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging

Objective To investigate the diagnostic and prognostic value of serum miR-155 for pancreatic cancer.Methods A total of 110 pancreatic cancer patients,70 chronic pancreatitis and 58 healthy individuals who admitted to the First People's Hospital of Hefei between January 2009 and August 2013 were prospectively enrolled.Their serum miR-155 levels were detected by real-time PCR.The receiver operating characteristic curve was employed to estimate the diagnostic accuracy of miR-155 for pancreatic cancer.Correlations between miR-155,carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) and TNM stages were analyzed.The Kap1an-Meier approach and the Cox model were used to assess the prognostic value of miR-155 for pancreatic cancer.Results Pancreatic cancer patients had significantly higher serum miR-155 when compared either with chronic pancreatitis patients or healthy individuals (P ＜ 0.05 for both).The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve were 0.82 (95％ CI:0.75 ～ 0.88) for miR-155,and 0.88 (95％ CI:0.82 ～0.93) for miR-155 combined with CA19-9.MiR-155 increased as the TNM stages advanced,and it was positively correlated with CA 19-9 (R2 =0.22,P ＜ 0.05).MiR-155 ≥ 1.46 △CT was independently associated with pancreatic cancer mortality,with a hazard ration of 2.88 (95％ CI:1.26 ～ 6.58).Conclusion Serum miR-155 is a useful biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer.