CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells(CD4+CD25+Tregs),a suppressor T cell population,have been shown to play an important role in maintaining peripheral tolerance and the prevention of autoimmunity.This review summarizes the characteristics and mechanism,as well as their role in rheumatoid arthritis(RA).An understanding of these issues is likely to facilitate the development of CD4+CD25+Tregs-cell-based therapies for the treatment of RA.

Objective: To explore the relationship between strain rate parameter and left ventricular diastolic function (LVDF) in patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) by two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2D-STE).
Methods: A total of 70 heart failure (HF) patients with CRT were studied. The early left ventricular diastolic strain rate was obtained by 2D-STE technology, the differences of left ventricular diastolic functional parameters to various CRT echocardiographic responses were observed. The area of relevant parameters under ROC curve was calculated by early left ventricular diastolic strain rate for predicting CRT echocardiographic response.
Results: There were 41 patients presented as CRT echocardiographic responders at 12 months of follow-up period, 29 patients were non-responders. The most parameters of LVDF were signiifcantly improved than the base line in 41 responders. The maximum area of 2D-STE derived parameters under ROC curve was obtained by LSRE predicted CRT echocardiographic response
Conclusion: LSRE had greater value for predicting CRT echocardiographic response, it might be used as a sensitive index for evaluating LVDF in HF patients.

Objective To compare the occurrence of the peripheral retinal degeneration in macular hole due to high myopia (＞-6.00 D) and trauma.Methods Data of 106 patients (106 eyes) with macular hole undergoing vitrectomy operation were analyzed,and they were divided into two groups according to myopic refractive degree:group A (68 eyes of 68 patients with high myopia) and group B (38 eyes of 38 patients with trauma).The peripheral retinas of all patients were examined carefully through preoperative three-mirror contact lens test and intraoperative the vitrectomy surgery.Results There were 52 eyes with peripheral retinal degeneration in group A,accounting for 76.47％,while group B had 8 eyes with peripheral retinal degeneration,accounting for 21.05％ in group B.The occurrence rates of peripheral retinal degeneration between the two groups approached significant difference (x2 =30.48,P =0.000).Among 52 eyes with retinal degeneration in the retina of the group A,non-oppressed whitening degeneration presented in 42 eyes,and the detection rate was 61.76％,lattice degeneration was in 44 eyes,with the detection rate of 64.71％,cystic degeneration in 19 eyes,with the detection rate of 27.94％ and other types of degeneration in 15 eyes,with the detection rate of 22.06％.There were 8 eyes with retinal degeneration in the retina of the group B,and non-oppressed whitening degeneration presented in 6 eyes,with the detection rate of 15.79％,lattice degeneration was in 7 eyes,with the detection rate of 18.42％,cystic degeneration in 4 eyes,with the detection rate of 10.53％ and other types of degeneration in 2 eyes,with the detection rate of 5.26％.Conclusion The occurrence rate of peripheral retinal degeneration in traumatic patients is obvious lower than that in patients with high myopia.

Aim To investigate the effect of total flavonids of Litsea coreana Leve(TFLC)on cytokines production and immunity of peritoneal macrophage(PMΦ)from collagen-induced arthritis(CIA).Methods CIA was induced with Collagen II and Feund's complete adjuvant.The effect of TFLC on CIA was evaluated by body weight, hind paw swelling and histopathological changes.Interleukin-1(IL-1)in PMΦ of CIA rats was measured by mouse thymocyte proliferation method.Interleukin-2(IL-2)in splenocytes of CIA rats was determined by mouse spleen lymphocyte proliferation reaction.Tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in the supernatant of PMΦ was measured by radioimmunoassay(RIA).And the mRNA expression of TNF-α was detected by RT-PCR.Phagocytosis of PMΦ was measured by neutral red method.Results TFLC(50, 100, 200 mg·kg~(-1))singnificantly inhibited the paw swelling and increased body weight of CIA rats.The pathological damage of knee joint was reversed by TFLC.TFLC(0.05, 0.5, 5 mg·L~(-1))markedly reduced IL-1 and IL-2 in CIA rats.Meanwhile, TFLC singnificantly reduced TNF-α level and inhibited the expression of TNF-α mRNA in PMΦ.Conclusion TFLC has marked therapeutic effect on CIA rats, which is related to reducing the phagocytosis and inhibiting the secretion and expression of cytokines.

Objective Electric stimulation functional observation statistics (FES) were collected for elderly patients with cerebral apoplexy in search of any curative effect. Methods A total of 40 patients with cerebral apoplexy were divided randomly into a FES group of 20 cases and a control group of 20 cases. Both groups received the same routine rehabilitation training and basic drugs. The FES group was also treated using FES therapeutic apparatus for 30 min daily over 3 weeks (15 sessions). The control group received no electrical stimulation. Upper limb motor function, lower limb motor function, balanceand Barthel's index were evaluated. Results In the FES group, upper limb motor function was significantly improved after treatment, and significantly better compared with the control group. Lower limb motor function showed the same significant differences. Balance was also significantly better after treatment and significantly better than in the control group. Similar significant improvements were seen in terms of Barthel's index. Conclusions FES can improve the functional capacity of elderly patients with cerebral apoplexy hemiplegia and improve their ability in daily activities.

Laparoscopic pancreas- and spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph nodes dissection is still difficult to accomplish,which restrains its application in total gastrectomy for advanced proximal gastric cancer.Based on our anatomical understanding of pre- and retropancreatic spaces,features of splenic vessels and distribution of perigastric lymph nodes,we combined the characteristics of laparoscopic surgery and developed a novel technique for laparoscopic pancreas- and spleen-preserving splenic hilar lymph nodes dissection through retropancreatic space.The key lies in mobilization of the splenic pedicle through retropancreatic space,dissection of peri-vascular lymph nodes in sequence of trunk-to-branch,in-sheath vascularization of the splenic vessels.From August 2009 to December 2010,this technique was performed on 6 patients in Nanfang hospital.The initial results suggested that this technique could be safe and feasible for skillful surgeons.Further studies on the application of this technique in total gastrectomy for advanced proximal gastric cancer would be needed.

Objective To observe the effects of LPS and PMA on proliferation of human len epithelial( HLE )cells and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) in HLE cells.Methods The expressions of EGFR protein of HLE cells from felus,adult lens age-related cataract and cultured HLE cells were detected by immunohistochemical staining.The expression of EGFR mRNA was detected by RT-PCR.The effects of LPS (0.5,1.0,2.0 mg?L-1 ) and PMA(25,50,100 nmol?L-1 )on proliferation of HLE cells were detected by MTT colorimetry method,and the EGFR mRNA expression in HLE cells was determined by RT-PCR. Results The expressions of EGFR protein and mRNA were positive in HLE cells from felus,adult lens age-related cataract and cultured HLE cells.The proliferation rates of HLE cells treated with 0.5,1.0,2.0 mg?L-1 LPS were (3.21?0.42)%,(12.25?1.34)% and (36.67?3.65)%,respectively.The proliferation rate of HLE cells in 2.0 mg?L-1 LPS group was higher than those in 0.5 and 1.0 mg?L-1 LPS groups(F=7.709,P0.05).PMA(25,50,100 nmol?L-1 )could not effect the expression of EGFR mRNA in HLE cells .Conclusion Inflammation stimulant factor such as LPS can promote the proliferation of HLE cells by increasing the expression of EGFR and result in occurrence of posterior capsular opacifition(PCO).

AIM: To investigate the role of reactive oxygen species ( ROS)-mediated mitochondrial oxidative injury in isonicotinyl hydrazide ( INH)-induced DNA damage and the protective effect of quercetin on L-02 cells.ME-THODS:The injury model of hepatocyte L-02cells in vitro induced by INH was established .The cells were divided into control group, INH group, low-dose quercetin group and high-dose quercetin group.The DNA damage of L-02 cells was evaluated by the comet test .The mitochondrion was prepared , and the level of mitochondrial ROS and the value of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm ) were detected by fluorescent probes DCFH-DA and rhodamine 123.The content of MDA was measured by TBA method .The activity of SOD was assessed with the xanthine oxidase method .The protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was determined by Western blotting , and the value of Bax/Bcl-2 was calculated .RESULTS:INH induced obvious DNA damage , increased the level of mitochondrial ROS , the content of MDA and the value of Bax/Bcl-2, and markedly reduced the value of ΔΨm and the activity of SOD in the L-02 cells.Quercetin attenuated DNA dam-age, reduced the level of mitochondrial ROS , elevated the value of ΔΨm , declined the content of MDA , increased the ac-tivity of SOD and decreased the value of Bax/Bcl-2 in the L-02 cells.CONCLUSION:INH induces DNA damage in L-02 cells by generation of mitochondrial oxidative stress .Quercetin has a protective effect on L-02 cells to attenuate the INH-in-duced DNA damage by inhibiting ROS-mediated mitochondrial oxidative damage .

ObjectiveTo evaluate the safety and feasibility of esophagojejunostomy using transorally inserted anvil ( OrVilTM ) after laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer.MethodsThe clinical data of 8 patients with advanced gastric cancer who were admitted to the Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from January 2011 to Febuary 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.Laparoscopic total gastrectomy + D2 lymph node dissection was first performed,and then esophagojejunostomy was completed using OrVilTM. Perioperative condition and prognosis of the patients were analyzed.ResultsAll the procedures were completed successfully,with no complications occurred.There was no extension of the incisiou during operatiou.The mean operation time,anvil inserting time and volume of operative blood loss were (203 + 38 ) minutes,( 10 -+ 4) minutes and ( 106 ± 18 )ml,respectively.Tumor-free proximal margins were confirmed by pathological examination in all the patients.The mean time to first flatus,time to liquid and semi-liquid diet and duration of hospital stay were (3.5 ± 1.3 )days,(5.5 ± 2.9 ) days,( 7.5 ± 3.2) days and ( 11.5 ± 3.5 ) days.The mean time of follow-up was 10 months ( rauge,1-14 months),no anatomosis-related complications were observed.Conclusion Esophagojejunostomy using OrVilTM after laparoscopic total gastrectomy for gastric cancer is safe and feasible.

Applying multi-media combined with case teaching method to optimize pediatric dermatology teaching and clinical practice.The data of typical cases were collected by multi-media method,which can visually describe the characteristics of the cases and help students master the knowledge of pediatric dermatology by personal involvement.It can also cultivate students′ ability to analyze and solve problems as well as alleviate the conflicts between the clinical practice and lack of teaching case resources under the intense doctor-patient relationship.In conclusion,it is a teaching reform which deserves extending and applying.