Objective To preliminarily evaluate the performance and species specificity of Candida spp.latex immunochromatography kit for detecting Candida spp.in vaginal secretion.Methods The vaginal secretions in 354 cases of suspected vaginitis and 9 genus of 22 species of common vaginal infecting organisms were by adopting the smear/Gram staining and Candida spp.kit.The results were compared with those detected by smear/Gram staining semi-quantitative method.The detection performance and species specificity of Candida spp.kit for detecting clinical specimens were evaluated.Results Compared with the smear/Gram staining method,the sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive predictive value and negative predictive value of Candida sp.kit were 93.81%,99.10%,97.31%,98.14% and 96.90%,respectively;compared the smear/Gram staining semiquantitative method,the Candida spp.kit for detecting Candida spp.in vaginal secretion still had higher specificity and acceptable sensitivity when the Candida spp.concentration was lower in specimens;in the speciese specificity evaluation,6 kinds of Candida spp.were positive and other 16 kinds of common vaginal infecting organisms all were negative.Conclusion The Candida spp.kit for detecting Candida spp.in vaginal secretion has higher clinical and species specificity,sensivity,positive prediction value and negative prediction value.

Inflammasome is a multi-protein complex which plays an important role in innate immune defense,and can adjust the activation of caspase-1 and promote the production of cytokines. NLRP3 is an important member of inflammasome Nod-like receptor(NLR)family,and its activation and expression occur mainly in macrophages and dendritic cells. NLRP3 can sense the pathogen associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)and damage associated molecular patterns(DAMPs)and initiate the inherent immune response,which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. This article reviewed the advances in study on NLRP3 in autoimmune diseases.

With the development of the neonatal intensive care technology,the livability of premature infants arises greatly.But the evidently increased handicap and unknowable prognosis have brought series of social problems.The author assumed that!abandoning or ending treatment of premature infants who have no social value after cure and who are about to die soon after born correspond to ethics principle.Hospital ethics committee should play role in the decision making of cure.

Objective The immature platelet fraction (IPF) could be detected quantificationally in Sysmex XE-2100 with the software of XE-pro and IPF master.The study aimed to perform the methodological evaluation of IPF detection and investigate the clinical significance for the monitoring for bone marrow hyperplasia in cancer chemotherapy patients.Methods The high-level, middle-level and low-level whole blood samples were randomly chosen for detection repeatly 20 times to obtain interrun coefficient of variation (CV) for evaluation of the precision and reproducibility. Integrated quality controls were determined for continuous 20 days to obtain intrarun CV, and the stability and carryover was investigated.Furthermore, the correlation between results from Sysmex XE-2100 and results from flow cytometry was assessed.182 healthy subjects and 130 cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy were selected and the latter were divided into two groups according to platelet counts after therapy, one was normal PLT group, the other was decreased PLT group.The IPF of either group was measured and was compared with each other.Results The precision of IPF for high-level, middle-level and low-level were 4.71%, 4.33% and 4.95%, respectively, they were less than 5%.The interrun CV of IPF detection for middle-level and low-level were less than 5%.The interrun CV of IPF detection for high-level were less than 10%.The carryover ranged from 0.6% to 2.7%,and the average rate was 1.2%.A good correlation for IPF detection was shown between results from Sysmex XE-2100 and flow cytometry(r = 0.880 9,P ＜ 0.01).Regarding clinical utility of IPF detection in treatment monitoring for chemotherapy effect, the median of IPF levels in decreased PLT group, normal PLT group,control group were 14.45% ,7.35% and 15.68%, respectively.There was significant difference among the three groups (H =49.032,P ＜0.01 ).The IPF level was higher in decreased PLT group than normal PLT group (t = -5.681, P ＜ 0.O1 ), and was lower in normal PLT group after chemotherapy than the control group (t = -6.662 ,P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions The determination of IPF by the Sysmex XE-2100 owns high precision and good stability. IPF is an effective marker for evaluation of thrombopoietic condition in the cancer chemotherapy patients.

Objective To investigate medical students' cognitive status and attitude toward urban-rural integration and to find the influencing factors in an aim to provide information for the process of urban and rural integration.Methods Sampling survey was conducted among the junior students who were major in eight-year clinical medicine,five-year clinical medicine and nursing (undergraduate) with self-made questionnaire.The data entry was done by 19.0 SPSS software and descriptive statistical analysis and ONE-WAY ANOVA were used to do statistical analysis.Results Students who didn't know urban-rural integration accounted for 53.2％,while 80.7％ students supported urban-rural integration.Students' major and residence were two influencing factors of working in the countryside.Conclusion Measures should be taken to raise students' awareness of urban-rural integration based.Targeted measures should be adopted based on students' majors and residences.

Objective To investigate the level of knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of pelvic floor dysfunction(PFD)and its influencing factors in pregnant women and provide reference for further health education for pregnant women. Methods Totally 637 pregnant women were investigated by Knowledge-Attitude-Practice (KAP)scale for PFD. Results The average scores of KAP in pregnant women were(31.68 ± 7.73),(16.41 ± 4.01) and (10.57 ± 3.00) respectively. About 85.6% of the pregnant women had interest in knowledge of PFD. Educational background,willing to understand knowledge of PFD,and gestational age were dominant factors affecting KAP of women with PFD. Conclusions The awareness rate of PFD and compliance rate of pelvic floor muscle function exercise in pregnant women are low. Effective measures should be taken to prevent PFD for pregnant women.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of paeoniflorin,berberine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Xiaoer huadu powder.METHODS:HPLC method was adopted.The separation was performed on Waters SunFireTM-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm,and column temperature was 25 ℃.The sample size was 10 μL.RESULTS:The linear ranges of paeoniflorin,berberine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate were 8.808-88.08 μg/mL(r=0.999 8),1.778-17.78 μg/mL(r=0.999 6),2.533-25.33 μg/mL(r=0.999 9),respectively.LOQ were 4.404,0.889,2.533 μg/mL;LOD were 1.101,0.445,1.267 μg/mL.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％.The recoveries were 95.08％-99.61％ (RSD=1.77％,n =9),96.93％-99.94％ (RSD=0.92％,n=9),98.33％-102.05％ (RSD=1.27％,n=9).CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for simultaneous determination of paeoniflorin,berberine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Xiaoer huadu powder.

Objective To evaluate the childhood asthma control test(C-ACT) on the assessment of asthma by exploring the correlations among C-ACT,disease severity,the control level of pediatric asthma,disease partition and the changes in the pulmonary function as well as the score range,and to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of C-ACT's application to guide children's asthma control.Methods Two hundred and five children with asthma in the Pediatric Asthma Outpatient of Xiamen Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 2011 to October 2015 were enrolled and randomly divided into control group and experimental group by random number table.The patients in the experimental group were monitored by the C-ACT with corresponding guidance,while patients in control group were treated without the monthly guidance of C-ACT after C-ACT involvement at the first time.C-ACT questionnaire score surveys were completed by all patients and their parents under the guidance of asthmatic specialists or nurses.Pulmonary function,disease severity and disease partition and the control level of pediatric asthma were detected and evaluated by doctors before and after treatment.The correlation between the results of C-ACT and the changes in the clinical indicators was assessed,and the improvement of lung function and the control rate of asthma were evaluated in 2 groups after 1 year.Results (1) There was no significant difference in gender,age and disease severity distribution based on the results of pulmonary function assessment between the control group and the experimental group (all P ＞ 0.05).(2) The C-ACT scores in normal,slight abnormal,moderately abnormal and severely abnormal pulmonary function were (24.79-± 2.20) scores,(21.67 ± 1.93) scores,(17.07-± 2.01) scores and (12.67 ± 1.81)scores,respectively,which showed the pulmonary function had a positive correlation with C-ACT scores (F =314.0,P ＜ 0.000 1).(3)Assessment of the reliability of C-ACT:the α value of Cronbach's coefficient for the scale was 0.867,which showed the high reliability.The correlation coefficients between the C-ACT score and the percentage of predicted value of forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1％),the percentage of peak expiratory flow in the predicted value (PEF％) were 0.683 and 0.712,respectively,which also showed the strong reliability.(4) C-ACT scores in intermittent attacks of asthma,slight persistent asthma,moderate persistent asthma,severe persistent asthma were (24.47 ± 2.26) scores,(22.17 ± 1.86) scores,(17.42 ± 2.52) scores and (13.27 ± 2.11) scores,respectively,which showed the severity of asthma was positively associated with C-ACT scores (F =244.0,P ＜ 0.000 1).(5) C-ACT scores in controlled,partly controlled and uncontrolled asthma were (24.32 ± 2.34) scores,(18.87 ± 1.95)scores and (14.03 ± 1.32) scores,which showed the control levels of asthma had a positive association with C-ACT scores(F =394.0,P ＜ 0.000 1).(6)C-ACT scores in different disease partitions of green,yellow and red area were (24.72 ± 2.04) scores,(18.17 ± 2.03) scores and (15.06 ± 1.93) scores,which showed the diseases partition had an association with C-ACT scores (F =367.2,P ＜ 0.000 1).(7) After treatment of 3 months,6 months and 12 months,the control rates in the control group were 28.71％,67.33％,81.19％,but they were 44.23％,79.81％,95.19％ in the experimental group respectively.The control rates were higher in the experimental group than those in the control group,and the differences were significant (x2 =5.318,4.114,9.722,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The C-ACT is highly correlated with pulmonary function,and our study show the C-ACT score range can help to make a quick assessment of disease severity,disease partition and the control level of children asthma.The application of C-ACT for the treatment of asthma has a good effect and it can be recommended and applied to childhood suitable for the promotion and application of children asthma clinics and community medical institutions at all levels of hospitals.

Some questions like the hardship of treatment and lacking of standard on diagnosis are existing in steroid-resistant nephritic syndrome(SRNS).This article make an ethical analysis on these questions and assumes that we should persist in treating the patients carefully with humanism,carry on informed consent principle,implement the optimal treatment and perfect the standard of diagnosis and treatment,carry on clinical ethics education and promote the judgment level of clinical ethics.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and value of white blood cell(WBC) count during influenza diagnosis.Methods Compare with leukocyte count and its classification,clinical features between 38 cases of influenza A and 55 cases of influenza B patients.Results The follow results have were significant difference between these two group(P<0.05):The WBC content (WBC),neutrophil count (NEUT),lymphocyte(LYMPH) count and platelet (PLT).In both group,WBC were mostly in normal range.However,WBC and NEUT% in the group A were 15.79% and 34.21%,higher than the B group 7.27%,25.45%.Additionaly,WBC and NEUT% in upper respiratory tract infection group were 59.26% and 66.67%,higher than the normal ranger,and group influenza A flow patients with higher proportion for headache and crackles,were 47.36% and 52.63%,respectively(P<0.05).Conclusion The WBC count and its classification have significant difference between influenza A and B.Furthermore,patients with influenza A virus are more likely to have co-infection with bacteria.