Objective To evaluate the effect of Ji Tang Zhi on glucose metabolism in insulin resistance (IR) HepG 2 cell line,and to explore the related mechanism.Methods The HepG2 cells were incubated in culture medium addition of 10-7 mol/L insulin for 24 h to establish the IR cell model.Effect of Ji Tang Zhi on rate of glucose absorption in HepG2 cell was detected by the method of glucose oxidase-peroxidase (GOD-POD).We performed an MTT assay to determine cytotoxicity effects of Ji Tang Zhi on HepG2 cell line.The expression of p-IRS-1 Ser307,PI3K and GLUT-4 were detected by Western blotting.Results Incubated with 10-7 mol/L insulin for 24 h,the insulin resistance cell model had been built.Compared with model group,the rate of glucose absorption of cell treated with JTZ (30 ～ 120 μg/mL) was significantly improved.According to model cells,the expression of GLUT-4 and PI3K decreased significantly compared to control cells.While the expression of p-IRS-1 Ser 307 was inhibited and GLUT-4 and PI3K expression were increased in IR cells after treated with JTZ (30 ～ 120 μtg/mL).Conclusion JTZ exert beneficial effects on hyperglycosemia in IR cell line possibly through regulating the levels of GLUT-4,p-IRS-1 Ser307 and PI3K in HepG2 cell.

Objective To explore the effect of early rehabilitation on patients with hand-foot-mouth disease following acute flaccid paralysis. Methods 31 patients with hand-foot-mouth disease following acute flaccid paralysis were in isolation ward of Children's Hospital of Shanxi Province from Aug. 2009 to Oct. 2010. 21 cases of them were given early rehabilitation while 10 cases were divided into control group because their parents refused the rehabilitation intervention. The course was 4 months. Results In the rehabilitation group, 20 cases recovered,1 improved obviously. In the control group, only 1 improved, 9 had no effect. Conclusion Early rehabilitation can improve the motor function of children with hand-foot-mouth disease following acute flaccid paralysis.

Objective To investigate the emotional memory impairment in patients with primary insomnia (PI) and explore the neurobiological mechanisms underlying primary insomnia through emotional memory tasks involving different valance of emotional pictures.Methods Thirty patients with primary insomnia(PI group) and twenty healthy controls(HC group) were given emotional memory tasks using positive,neutral and negative valence images.The emotional memory was evaluated by the recognition of emotional pictures.Results Compared with healthy controls (positive (11.60±4.00) , neutral (11.05± 3.73) and negative (12.60± 2.06) , respectively), patients with PI (positive (11.30±3.75),neutral (11.47±3.21) and negative (11.43±4.12) ,respectively) showed no significant difference in appraisal of the emotional pictures (P＞0.05).Compared with healthy controls (43.40± 4.88) for the emotional images memorizing task,patients with PI (39.40±6.43) exhibited evident deficit of all emotional images (P＜0.05).Furthermore, the accuracy in recognizing both positive (12.60± 2.42) and neutral (12.87±3.18) valence pictures were significantly lower in patients with P1 than those in healthy controls(positive (14.05±2.19) and neutral (14.75± 1.80)) (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in negative stimulus between PI group(13.93±1.76) and HC group(14.70±1.59) (P＞0.05).Conclusion The results suggest thant emotional memory is impaired in patients with PI.Moreover,the emotional memory for positive and neutral vanlence pictures is impaired but the emotional memory for negative is relatively spared in patients with primary insomnia.The results also indicate that impaired emotional memory with different valences may relate with distinct neuromechanisms.

Objective To detect the expression change of ETFβin diabetic nephropathy rats and study the role of ETFβin fatty acid-induced apoptosis in renal tubules.Methods Diabetic nephropathy model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin and unilateral nephrectomy.In vivo ETFβexpression was detected in renal cortex, as well as tubular injury evaluated.In vitro fatty acid-induced apoptosis in renal tubular cells NRK 52E model was established and ETFβrecombinant plasmid was constructed to be transfected into NRK 52E cells and furtherly to observe the effect of ETFβover-expression on the fatty acid-induced apoptosis.Results In the rats model of diabetic nephropathy induced by streptozotocin injection and unilateral nephrectomy, ETFβmRNA and protein expression were decreased as obvious tubular damage occurred.Fatty acids could induce apoptosis in NRK 52E, and ETFβover-expression reduced the apoptosis.Conclusion The expression of ETFβis decreased in diabetic nephropathy model , and ETFβover-expression can reduce apoptosis induced by fatty acid in renal tubular cells.

Objective To discuss the clinical features and treatment of isovaleric academia (IVA) patients,and to gain more comprehensive understanding of isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase(IVD) mutation in 2 siblings in order to raise awareness to prevent the occurrence of IVA.Methods The clinical history and laboratory test of 2 cases of children with IVA were carried out.The exons and neighboring introns of IVD gene of the whole family were PCR-amplified for DNA sequencing.The literature review of IVA in China was also conducted.Results Organic acid analysis of urine by GC/MS for both siblings showed extremely elevated concentrations of isovaleric glycine.For the older sibling,an acute episode of IVA caused severe metabolic stress and eventually death in the neonatal period.However,the disease was well-controlled for the younger sibling due to timely treatment and follow-up care for 2 years.The DNA sequencing of the IVD gene in the family revealed a novel c.1016G ＞ A(C339Y) heterozygous mutation in mother and both of the siblings.No IVD mutation was detected in father or in any of the 50 cases of healthy controls.According to literature review,15 cases of IVA were reported in recent 15 years in China,including neonatal onset (11 cases),acute episode (12 cases),odor of sweaty feet (12 cases),pancytopenia (9 cases),hyperammonemia (5 cases),hypocalcemia (6 cases),and 6 cases of death were reported.Additionally,5 cases that received treatment of BCAA-free formula milk showed positive outcome.However,only 2 cases were followed up for more than 2 years.Conclusions Two new IVA patients carrying c.1016G ＞ A(C339Y) mutation were reported in China.The mutation may lead to conformational change and functional deficient of the IVD protein.It is also necessary to point out that using direct DNA sequencing can not identify all patients with IVA due to limitations of this technology,and thus clinicians should be aware of the possibility of genetic misdiagnosis.Moreover,there is a trend of increasing IVA in China in recent years.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Activated carbon N-acetylcysteine microcapsule (ACNAC),and to optimize preparation technology. METHODS:ACNAC was prepared by emulsion cross-linked method using biodegradable material gelatin as capsule wall material. Using comprehensive evaluation index of drug-loading amount,entrapment rate and particle size distribution percent-age(the percentage of 80-140 μm particle)as index,drug-loading ratio,amount of gelatin,mixing speed and the amount of emul-sifier as factors,single factor test and orthogonal test were used to optimize formulation technology. The technology was validated and distribution of particle size of ACNAC was determined. RESULTS:The optimal formulation technology was as follows as drug-loading ratio 1∶1,gelatin 15%,emulsifier 2.0%,mixing speed 1 000 r/min. Average drug-loading amount of 6 batches of ACNAC was 15.9%(RSD=1.21%),average encapsulation efficiency was 78.1%(RSD=1.11%)and average particle size distri-bution percentage was 81.9%. CONCLUSIONS:ACNAC is prepared successfully,and formulation technology is reasonable and feasible.

To evaluate the value of serum human epididymis protein 4(HE4),cancer embryonic antigen(CEA), carbohydrate antigen(CA125,CA19-9,CA153),alpha fetoprotein(AFP) and β-human chorionic gonadotrophin (β-HCG) in ovarian cancer early diagnosis.Methods:Abbott Architect i2000SR was used to detect the levels of preoperative serum tumor markers (n=7) in ovarian cancer group,benign ovarian tumor group and the normal control (each n=60).Results:The levels of serum HE4,CA125, CA199,CEA,CA153,AFP and β-HCG in ovarian cancer group were markedly higher than the benign ovarian tumor group and the control group.There was statistically significant difference ( P<0.05 ).The diagnosis of ovarian cancer tumor markers were high specificity,but sensitivity was not high except HE4 (76.67%) and CA125 (68.33%).With Youden Index,the area under curve of ROC,the HE4 was demonstrated higher specificity ,sensitivity and accuracy.There was also medium diagnostic value of CA 125 ,CA199 and CEA for ovarian cancer.The sensitivity of ovarian cancer diagnosis is raised by combined assay with serum tumor marker ,but the specificity would be reduced accordingly.HE4, CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection is considered the best.Conclusion:CA153,AFP and β-HCG have lowered diagnosis for ovarian cancer.HE4, CA125, CA199 and CEA combined detection could significantly improve specificity ,sensitivity and accuracy in the early diagnosis of ovarian cancer.

ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of EUS-FNA for pancreatic masses and correlated influential factors. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 101 patients with pancreatic lesions who underwent EUS-FNA from January 2008 to January 2010. The clinical data enrolled 10 factors including patient gender, patient age, lesion location, lesion size, lesion characteristics, negative suction pressure, times of access, real-time cytological diagnosis, type of EUS and operators' experiences.ResultsThe overall diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of EUS-FNA were 85. 1％, 81.1％, 96. 3％, 98. 4％ and 65.0％, respectively. Univariable logistic regression analysis indicated that lesion size, lesion characteristics, negative suction pressure, operators' experience were correlated factors of EUS-FNA positive rate, while lesion size was the only correlated factor of EUS-FNA diagnostic accuracy ( OR =1. 984,95 ％ CI: 1. 141 ～ 3. 451, P =0. 015 ). Every 1 cm the lesion increased, by 1.67 times of opportunity the positive rate became, by 1.83 times of opportunity the accuracy was. The lesion size and lesion characteristics were independent correlated factors of EUS-FNA positive rate (OR=2.012, P=0.000; OR =10.218, P=0. 002). The positive rate of EUS-FNA in solid lesions was 10. 2 times of that in cystic lesions. Lesion size was the independent correlated factors of EUS-FNA diagnostic accuracy (OR =1. 984, P =0. 015 ). ConclusionEUS-FNA can effectively make a pathological diagnosis of pancreatic masses with high diagnostic accuracy and specificity. EUS-FNA diagnostic positive rate and accuracy were both positively correlated with pancreatic lesion size. EUS-FNA positive rate of solid pancreatic lesions is significantly higher than that of cystic lesions.

Objective To explore the change of apoptosis factor Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in the injured segment of rat with spinal cord injury after inhibiting lentivirus expression of inflammation factor TNF-α. To study the relationship between Caspase-3, Bcl-2, Bax and TNF-α in spinal cord injury. Mthods Spinal cord contusion model was prepared by Allen method. The relation between tumor necrosis factor alpha and Bcl-2, was predicted by the method of GeneMANIA bioinformatics. The RNA which was packaged by lentivirus constructed the RNA interference model of tumour necrosis factor alpha. After interference of tumor necrosis factor alpha, we used the method of QRT-PCR to assays the mRNA expression of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 in spinal cord and detect of the localization of Caspase-3 and Bcl-2 by immunohistochemistry. Statistical analysis with SPSS17.0. Results SD rats had paraplegia and urinate retentaion because of spinal cord injury. The result of QRT-PCR showed that in the seventh day after SCC, the expression of Caspase-3 reduced significantly (P < 0.05) and Bcl-2 did not change significantly (P > 0.05). Immunohistochemistry experiment results showed that Caspase-3 Bcl-2 and Bax immunoreactive cells were observed in the neurons and glial cells of both white matter and gray matter in the spinal cord. The results were the same with QRT-PCR.. Conclusion TNF-α in rats after SCC can effectively regulate the ratio of Bcl-2 and Bax , and then regulate the expression of Caspase-3 , which may affect the function of apoptosis and function recovery after spinal cord injury.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tangshen Formula on liver oxidative stress in diabetic rats, and their mechanisms thereof.Methods Rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was estab?lished by intraperitoneally injecting small dose of chain urea with cephalosporins (STZ) and feeding high fat fodder . The model rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, Tangshen Formula group and metformin group.The se?rum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (CHO), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase(CAT), vitamin E(VE), nitric oxide (NO) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in liver were compared between four groups. Changes of pathological morphology were ob?served under light microscopy. Results There were significantly decrease in serum levels of ALT, AST, TG, CHO, LDL-C in Tangshen Formula group and metformin group compared with those of model group. There were significantly higher levels of SOD, CAT and VE, and lower levels of NO and NOS of liver homogenate in Tangshen Formula group than those of model group. There were higher levels of SOD and CAT, and lower levels of NO and NOS in liver homogenate in metformin group than those of model group. HE staining showed that liver fatty degeneration was significantly reduced in metformin group and Tangshen Formula group compared with that of model group. Conclusion The fatty liver in type 2 diabetic rats is signifi?cantly improved by Tangshen Formula treatment, which is probably associated with the regulation of the response level to oxi?dative stress in liver.