Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of clinical common isolated bacteria from our hospital in 2013.Methods The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by using the automated systems with the MIC method and Kirby-Bauer method.The WHONET 5.6 software was adopted to conduct the data analysis according to the CLSI standard in 2013 version.Results A total of 4 168 strains of bacteria were clinically isolated in 2013,in which Gram-positive bacterial strains ac-counted for 21 .8%(907/4 168)and Gram-negative bacterial strains for 78.2%(3 261/4 168).The prevalence of methicillin-resist-ant strains in S.aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus was 48.7% and 80.9% respectively.No staphylococcal strain with resistant and intermediate to vancomycin and linezolid was found.Penicillin-resistant S.pneumonia strain was not found.And 1 strain of vancomycin- resistant E.faecium was found.The prevalence of ESBLs - producing strains was 58.8% in E.coli and 35.8% in K.pneumonia.Non-fermentative bacilli accounted for 37.5% in all bacterial isolates.The percentage of P.aeruginosa re-sistant to imipenem and meropenem was 19.3% and 14.2% respectively,the percentage of A.baumannii resistant to imipenem and meropenem was 68.9% and 67.0% respectively.Conclusion The isolation rate of non-fermentative bacilli is increased,the drug re-sistance rate of P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii is declined than that in 2012.Strengthening the surveillance of bacterial drug resist-ance in hospital has important significance for guiding rational selection of antimicrobial agents in clinic.

Objective To investigate the expression and signification of p63,aromatase P450 (P450arom) and steroidogenic factor-1 (SF-1) in endometrial polyp,and to explore its role in the pathogenesis of endometrial polyp.Methods Specimen were collected from hysteroscopic resection,pathologically confirmed endometrial polyp specimens of 30 cases of endometrial polyp and the adjoining endometrium around endometrial polyp in 20 cases,endometrial tissue of normal control group of 25 patients.Immunohistochemistry SP method and real-time PCR technology were used to detect the three groups in the expression of p63,P450arom and SF-1 protein and gene.Results P450arom gene (0.274±0.082) and protein (1.2± 1.1) expression in endometrial polyp was significantly higher than the adjoining endometrium and normal endometrium (P＜0.05); the expression of SF-1 protein (1.1 ±0.8) and p63 protein (0.8±0.5) were also higher in the endometrial polyp than the other two control groups (P＜0.05); while the expression of SF-1 mRNA (0.105±0.049 versus 0.053±0.043) and p63 mRNA (0.261±0.052 versus 0.180± 0.018) in endometrial polyp had no significant difference between endometrial polyp and the adjoining endometrial (P＞0.05).Conclusion p63,P450arom and SF-1 may play a role in the formation of endometrial polyp.

AIM: To study the interaction effects of Astragalus polysaccharide(APS) and total glucosides of paeony(TGP) with various dosage on the platelet aggregation. METHODS: Platelet aggregation was estimated by the turbidimetric method. The best interaction effects were determined by uniform design method. RESULTS: APS showed apparent anti-platelet effects and better combination with TGP,and the ratio of 121 was the best one. CONCLUSION: APS concerted with TGP inhibits platelet aggregation.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a HPLC method for the determination of serum concentration of caffeic acid in rats and which was applied to the pharmacokinetic study of caffeic acid. METHODS: The concentrations of caffeic acid in rats were determined after intragastric (ig) administration or intravenous (iv) administration of 50 mg?kg-1 caffeic acid and the pharmacokinetic parameters of caffeic acid analyzed by Topfit 2.0. RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters of caffeic acid after ig administration of caffeic acid were as follows: Cmax: (0.56?0.12) ?g?mL-1; tmax: (0.18?0.04) h; t1/2: (0.67?0.12) h; ke: (1.05?0.20) h-1; AUC(0～t): (0.34?0.05) ?g?h?mL-1. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of caffeic acid via iv administration were as follows: t1/2: (0.45?0.05) h; ke: (1.55?0.18) h-1; AUC(0～t): (9.07?2.24) ?g?h?mL-1. CONCLUSION: Administered intragastrically, caffeic acid was characterized by rapid absorption, short elimination half life (t1/2) and low absolute bioavailability in rats.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious clinical problem with high morbidity and mortality. Renal replacement therapy (RRT) is an important tool for treating patients with AKI. The 2011 Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) Clinical Practice Guideline for AKI points out that RRT should be discontinued when renal function has recovered enough to meet the body needs or when RRT is no longer consistent with treatment goals. However, the specific reference index of weaning RRT is unclear. The guiding roles of traditional indicators such as urine output (> 400 mL/24 h), serum creatinine (SCr, decreasing trend), creatinine clearance (CCr, > 20 mL/min), and novel biomarkers such as neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), interleukins (IL-6, IL-10), kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), kynurenic acid, etc. for discontinuation of RRT in AKI patients were reviewed. Particularly, the importance of biomarkers for this purpose was highlighted.

Objective To investigate the corelationship between proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) in abdominal surgical patients. Methods A total of 283 cases admitted from 2010 to 2014 were divided into PPI group (n = 326) and HRA group (n = 92). In PPI group, patients were divided into omeprazole subgroup (subgroup A, n = 146), lansoprazole subgroup (subgroup B, n = 102) and pantoprazole subgroup (subgroup C, n = 78) by the types of PPI. In HRA group, patients were divided into famotidine subgroup (subgroup D, n = 58) and ranitidine subgroup (subgroup E, n=34) by the types of histamine-2 receptor antagonist (H2RA). The incidence of stress ulcer bleeding (SUB) and HAP were calculated, while mechanical ventilation period (MV), ICU stay and 28-day-mortality were compared. Results There were lower incidences of SUB and HAP, shorter MV and ICU stay and lower 28-day-mortality in PPI group than those in HRA group (P < 0.05). In three subgroups of PPI group, there were no significant difference on incidence rate of SUB and HAP, as well as MV, ICU stay and 28-day-mortality. Conclusion The incidence rates of SUB and HAP are lower by using PPI than H2RA in abdominal surgical patients, as well as MV, ICU stay and 28-day-mortality. Different types of PPI have no effect on the incidence rate of HAP in abdominal surgical patients.

Objective To quantify the concentration of peripheral blood plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) in patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) and to explore its value in assessment of the severity of AP.Methods From June 2011 to March 2012,83 patients with AP were selected,among those 43 cases were mild acute pancreatitis (MAP) and 40 were severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).The control group included 30 healthy individuals.The peripheral blood of patients with AP and healthy controls was collected,and plasma was isolated after centrifuged.The concentration of NGAL in plasma was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The t-test was performed for comparison between groups.The correlation between the concentration of NGAL in plasma and clinical parameters of AP was analyzed by Spearman rank order correlation analysis.The diagnosis value of the concentration of NGAL in SAP was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC).Results The concentration of plasma NGAL in AP group ((10.30± 5.97)nmol/L) was higher than that in healthy control group ((1.94±1.35) nmol/L) and the difference was statistically significant (t=11.924,P＜0.01).The concentration of plasma NGAL in SAP group ((14.61 ±5.28) nmol/L) was higher than that in MAP group ((6.27±-3.09) nmol/L) and healthy control group,the differences was statistically significant (t=8.677 and 14.539,both P＜0.01).The concentration of plasma NGAL of AP patients was positively correlated with acute physiology and chronic health evaluation-Ⅱ score,Ranson score,bedside index for severity in acute pancreatitis score,computed tomography (CT) severity index,C-reactive protein,white blood cells and the days of hospitalization (r=0.651,0.556,0.514,0.620,0.320,0.458 and 0.346,all P＜0.05).The area under the ROC curve of plasma NGAL concentration in diagnosis of SAP was 0.926 (95％CI:0,870-0.983).The cutoff value of plasma NGAL level in diagnosis of SAP was 8.44 nmol/L.The sensitivity and specificity was 87.5 ％ and 88.9％,respectively.Conclusions Plasma NGAL level is correlated with the severity of patients with AP.NGAL may be one of the markers for the early diagnosis of SAP.

In this study, we developed a novel liposome-silica hybrid nano-carrier for tumor combination therapy via oral route, using paclitaxel and cyclosporine as a model drug pair. Optimization of the preparation of the drug-loading formulation and characterization of its physicochemical parameters and drug release profile were performed in vitro. Then in vivo pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics studies were performed. The results showed that the obtained formulation has a small particle size (mean diameter of 100.2 +/- 15.2 nm), a homogeneous distribution [the polydispersity index was (0.251 +/- 0.018)] and high encapsulation efficiency (90.15 +/- 2.47) % and (80.64 +/- 3.52) % for paclitaxel and cyclosporine respectively with a mild and easy preparation process. A sequential drug release trend of cyclosporine prior to palictaxel was observed. The liposome-silica hybrid nano-carrier showed good biocompatibility in vivo and co-delivery of cyclosporine and paclitaxel significantly enhanced the oral absorption of paclitaxel with improved anti-tumor efficacy, suggesting a promising approach for multi-drug therapy against tumor and other serious diseases via oral route.

ObjectiveTo assess the differential diagnostic value of serum intestinal fatty acid binding protein (I-FABP)in distinguishing intestinal ischemia patients from acute abdomen patients.MethodsA total of 151 patients with acute abdomen and 17 healthy controls from the PLA General Hospital were enrolled from November,2009 to August,2011. Serum I-FABP levels were measured by ELISA.According to the ROC curve,the cut-off value,sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio (PLR),negative likelihood ratio ( NLR),positive predietive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. ResultsOf the 151 acute abdomen patients,there were 24 intestinal ischemia patients and 127 without intestinal ischemia.Serum I-FABP level in intestinal ischemia group [( 109.67 ±48.82) μg/L]was significantly higher than those in patients without intestinal ischemia [(36.78 ± 11.25) μg/L]and healthy controls[(8.33 ±6.25) μg/L]( all P values ＜0.01 ).The serum I-FABP cut-off value for the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia was 87.52 μg/L.Serum I-FABP was efficient in terms of sensitivity (0.762),NPV(0.963),PLR(3.05) and NLR (0.24) in the diagnosis of intestinal ischemia.ConclusionI-FABP is potentially useful for discriminating intestinal ischemia from acute abdomen.