Objective To explore the effect of Periplaneta americana reversing multiple drug resistance (MDR) of hepatocellular carcinoma in vitro. Methods Drug resistance of Hepatocellular carcinoma cell line HepG2/ADM was established by Adriamycin ( ADM ) increasing concentration gradient method;determined cell growth curve, doubling time change using Trypan blue staining method;detected sensitivity of 4 kinds of chemotherapeutic drugs of HepG2 and HepG2/ADM by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method; detected the non toxic dose of Periplaneta americana CⅡ-3 and the skim cream of HepG2/ADM by MTT method; detected the inhibition rate differences of CⅡ-3, skim cream, ADM, CⅡ-3 and ADM, skim cream and ADM of hepatocellular carcinoma drug resistance cell line HepG2/ADM by MTT method.Results Drug-resistant cell line doubling time was extended obviously compared with parent cells,HepG2/ADM showed resistance to variety of chemotherapeutic drugs, ADM resistant index was especially high,that was 15.25 times.When the concentration of CⅡ-3 and skim cream were 28.76 and 45.08μg/mL respectively, the growth inhibition rate of HepG2 and HepG2/ADM two cell lines were<10%,no obvious toxic effect.The inhibition rate of the drug-resistant cell of 7.5,15,30μg/mL concentration CⅡ-3 joint with ADM concentration (1/2 IC50 ) were (24.52 ±2.05)%,( 34.78 ±3.08)%,( 45.09 ±3.56)% respectively; The inhibition rate of the drug-resistant cell of 12.5,25,50μg/mL concentration skimmed cream joint with ADM concentration (1/2 IC50 ) were (19.28 ±2.56)%,(35.08 ±2.13)%,(43.85 ±3.05)%respectively.Conclusion The cell line HepG2/ADM established has basic multidrug-resistant biological characteristics.Periplaneta americana extract can inhibit the growth of HepG2/ADM,and has good effect to reverse drug resistance at the same time.

Objective To investigate the predictive value of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by using the retrospectively analysis method .Methods The blood cell differential counting in 150 patients with RA ,101 patients with non‐RA diseases and 151 individuals undergoing the healthy physical examination were selected in a hospital from January 2014 and February 2015 .Blood cells classification and count were performed .Then the NLR difference was compared among these three groups .The clinical and laboratory data in the patients with RA were collected and the association between NLR and other in‐flammatory indicators was statistically analyzed .Moreover ,the diagnostic and predictive value of NLR for RA was also analyzed by using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve .Results The NLR level in the RA patients was significantly higher than that in the non‐RA patients with autoimmune disease and the healthy controls .The diagnostic sensitivity of NLR and neutrophil count(NC) for RA was equivalent(62 .4% vs .67 .5% ) ,but NLR had higher diagnostic specificity than NC (85 .5% vs .68 .7% ) . The correlation analysis indicated that NLR revealed a weak but significant correlation with ESR (r=0 .210 ,P=0 .043) and CRP (r=0 .149 ,P=0 .043) respectively .Conclusion NLR has more predictive value for RA than those traditional inflammatory mark‐ers including CRP ,NC and lymphocyte count ,which is expected to serve as a new biomarker for independently predicting the RA in‐flammation severity .

Objective:To understand the current situation of physicians′ competency in China and statistically analyze its influencing factors, hence providing referential evidences for promoting their competency.Methods:The evaluation scale for Chinese physicians′ competency was developed by referring to sophisticated overseas evaluation frameworks. Based on the electronic platform of the medical alliance, stratified sampling was conducted at 39 hospitals in 13 provinces, from which 2 156 physicians were surveyed, and statistical analysis was made on the current situation and influential factor of their competency in 6 dimensions(medical knowledge, diagnosis and treatment, scientific research and teaching, interpersonal communication, spirit of professionalism, population health)Results:The score range in multiple dimensions of physicians′ competency was between 2.85 and 3.89(5 in total), among which spirit of professionalism dimension scores the highest, and teaching and research dimension scores the lowest. Logistic regression analysis shows that their competency level in 6 dimensions is correlated to a range of factors, including gender, degree, title, supervisor qualifications, standardized training program of specialist physicians, and affiliation or not to teaching hospitals( P<0.05). Conclusions:Their overall competency is expected to be elevated. To name a few, they are lack of teaching and research abilities, and need to conduct clinical-oriented scientific research; they are expected to enrich knowledge structure, and need to embrace a wider concept of health; they need to improve their non-technical service abilities, and should further emphasize their humanistic quality; physicians′ practice competency depends upon their extent of medical education, and ensuring the quality of standardized training becomes the key measure.

Objective To investigate the incidence of depression of coronary artery bypass grafting before and after surgery in patients with coronary heart disease and the impact of depression on patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Methods 345 patients treat with CABG were divided into depression and non depression groups based on Serf-rating depression scale(SDS).Compare the change of different degree of depression occurrence rate before and after surgery.All patients were followed up for 24 months after procedure for the occurrence major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE),then make the non MACE survival analysis and Cox regression.Results Baseline data of BMI(body mass index) and history of hypertension,cerebrovascular disease was statistically significant difference between groups.Depression in patients after CABG was significantly higher than that before procedure(40.9％ vs 24.3％,P ＜0.05).The MACE rate was significantly higher in patients with post-procedure depression than that in patients without depression(16.5％ vs 5.2％,P ＜0.01),and the incidences of myocardial infarction and target lesion revascularization were also significantly higher in depression patients than in non-depression patients(6.8％ vs 2.1％,6.6％ vs 1.6％,P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference on accumulative mortality between two groups(3.3％ vs 1.6％,P =0.315).The survival analysis curve of Kaplan-Meier show the incidences of non MACE survival rate was significantly lower in depression patients than in non-depression patients (P ＜0.001).There was no significant difference on death survival analysis(P =0.309).Depression,old myocardial infarction and LVEF(left ventricular ejection fraction)were independent risk factors for MACE.Conclusion The proportion was higher in patients with post-procedure and pre-procedure who have different degree of depression,the MACE rate was significantly higher in patients with postprocedure depression than in patients without depression.Depression is dangerous factors for prognosis of patients with coronary artery bypass grafting.

Objective To investigate the electrophysiological changes of peripheral nerves in both patients with hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies(HNPP).Methods The nerve conduction velocities of a family consisting of a proband and 4 members were tested,and the proband was detected by biopsy.Results The proband's median nerve,ulnar nerve,sural sensory nerve conduction velocity (SCV) were decreased.The median nerve,ulnar nerve,common peroneal nerve motor nerve conduction velocity(MCV) of proband were decreased.The sensory fibers of the most frequently involved nerve sural nerve,sural nerve damage to the results:the motor nerve conduction motor nerve evoked potential latency and 18 abnormal rate was 75.0％,the nerve distal to the abnormal rate of MCV was 87.5％.Conclusion Prolongation of distal nerve conduction latencies occurs in essentially all individuals whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.Nerves may be more easily damaged at the site of compression.

Background and purpose:Histological grade of DCIS is an important factor in the prognosis, high nuclear grade have higher inifltration trend and recurrence rate. This study aimed to evaluate the dynamic and morphological MRI charactristics of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast, then analyze its relations with nuclear grade. Methods:Of the 94 patients, 97 lesions were proved DCIS by pathology. The morphology, maximum size, time-intensity curve of lesion were recorded or measured. Statistic was performed to identify MR imaging features that optimally discriminated HNG from non-HNG DCIS. Results:There were 49 non mass-like enhancement lesions, and 48 masses enhancement lesions. Among 49 non mass-like lesions, 29 were segmental enhancement (59.18%). Dynamic enhanced performance:50 exhibited plateau curves and 27 were washout curves. BI-RADS categories:22 BI-RADS 4A, 19 BI-RADS 4B, 29 BI-RADS 4C, and 27 BI-RADS 5. HNG lesions exhibited larger mean maximum lesion size (non-mass-like enhancement: P=0.01; mass: P=0.03), time- intensity curve was variable to approach signiifcance (P=0.01), and BI-RADS can help to discriminate the nuclear grade (P=0.02). There were no differences in lesion morphology (P>0.05). Conclusion:The preliminary ifndings suggest that DCE MR imaging features may aid in identifying patients with high risk DCIS.

Objective To analyze the changes of Blood Cell Count and D-dimer concentration in lung cancer patients with thrombosis.Methods ①554 cases of patients with lung cancer were included between January 2012 and November 2013,75 patients with other diseases which lead to high coagulation state were excluded,blood cell count and D-dimer concentration were compared between 64 lung cancer patients were the cases with thrombosis with 415 lung cancer patients were the con-trol group without thrombosis.②Color doppler ultrasonography was taken as the golden standard,receiver operating charac-teristic curves (ROC)were drawn for indexes which had significance in method.Results ①Compared with lung cancer pa-tients without thrombosis,lung cancer patients without thrombosis had decreased red blood cell count (RBC),increased white blood cell count (WBC)and D-dimer.And there were no significant change in platelet (PLT).②The area under curve (AUC)of ROC in RBC,WBC and D-dimer were 0.662,0.637 and 0.896,respectively.By thecut-off values of RBC>4.06× 1012 L,WBC<5.37×109/L and D-dimer<4.02 mg/L,the negative predictive values of RBC,WBC and D-dimer for diagno-sis of lung cancer patient with thrombosis were 93%,93% and 96%,respectively.By the cut-off value of D-dimer>4.02 mg/L,the positive predictive value of D-dimer for diagnosis of lung cancer patient with thrombosis was 6 6%.Conclusion RBC,WBC and D-dimer were related with the progress of thrombosis in lung cancer patients.RBC,WBC and D-dimer have good negative prediction effect on lung cancer patients with thrombosis.D-dimer had positive effect for diagnosis of lung cancer with thrombosis.

Objective To compare the diagnostic efficacy of digital mammography,ultrasonography and MRI for breast non-mass enhancement (NME).Methods The digital mammography,ultrasonography and MRI data of 1 1 6 patients with 123 NME lesions on MRI were analyzed retrospectively.Results 99 lesions were malignant and 24 lesions were benign according to the pathologiacl result.The sensitivity of digital mammography,ultrasonography and MRI was 72.73%,65.66%,and 84.85%,respectively;The specificity was 66.67%,79.1 7%,and 79.1 7%,respectively;The accuracy was 71.54%,68.29%,and 83.74%,respectively;The positive pretictive value was 90.00%,92.86%,and 94.88%,respectively;The negative pretictive value was 37.21%,35.85%,and 55.88%,respectively.The sensitivity,specificity,accuracy,positive pretictive value and negative pretictive value of MRI were obviously higher than those of digital mammography and ultrasonography (P <0.05).The difference between the combinations and MRI alone were no statistically significant.Conclusion MRI have better diagnostic value,and could be used as the first choice examination for breast NME lesions.

Natural killer ( NK) cells have historically been considered short-lived cytolytic cells that can rapidly respond against microbial pathogens and tumors in an antigen-independent manner.Recently,NK cells have been shown to possess features of a-daptive immunity with immunological memory in a manner similar to that of T and B cells.Three major viewpoints of NK cell memory initially arose from the studies of NK cell memory to recall to mouse cytomegalovirus ( MCMV ) , cytokine and skin-contact hypersensitive chemical antigens.Currently,NK cell memory has been reported in acute infection of mouse HSV ,influenza virus,HCMV and simian immunodeficiency virus ( SIV).Here,we review the latest discoveries and unsolved questions regarding NK cell memory in these models.Studies to reveal the mechanisms for NK cell memory may provide opportunities for the therapeutic use of NK cells in in -fectious diseases and cancer.

Objective To carry out a meta-analysis on the published data to evaluate therapeutic effects of intact canal wall mastoidectomy and open mastoidectomy for cholesteatoma otitis media .Methods A comprehensive search was performed in VIP (1989-2015) ,WANFANG (1999-2015) ,CNKI (1994-2015) and CAJD databases to collect the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the intact canal wall mastoidectomy and open mastoidectomy treat cholesteatoma otitis media ,and to analyze the RCTs in meta -analysis method .Results 1 069 patients were analyzed in the 18 RCTs which met the inclusion criteria .Patients were followed up from 3 months to 7 years .The meta-analysis results suggested that ,compared with the open mastoidectomy group ,the patients had less operative time (test for overall effect :Z=15 .54 ,MD= -18 .36 ,95% CI(-24 .54 ,-12 .18) , P<0 .000 01) ,less dry ear time (test for overall effect :Z=8 .64 ,MD= -13 .90 ,95% CI(-17 .05 ,-10 .75) , P<0 .000 01) ,less complica‐tions (test for overall effect :Z=7 .63 ,OR=0 .19 ,95% CI(0 .12 ,0 .29) , P<0 .000 01) ,and more patients with decreased pure tone air conduction thresholds >10 dB (test for overall effect:Z=2 .83 ,OR=2 .47 ,95% CI(1 .32 , 4 .61) ,P=0 .005) ,more patients with air-bone gaps <20 dB(Z=3 .05 ,OR=1 .60 ,95% CI(1 .18 ,2 .17) ,P=0 .002) ,but the recurrent rate is not different significantly (test for overall effect :Z= 1 .92 ,OR =1 .87 ,95% CI (0 .99 ,3 .53) ,P=0 .05) .Conclusion The illness is suitable to be treated by using the two surgical ways while the intact canal wall mastoidectomy treatment takes less operative time ,dry ear time and complications ,and improve hearing more significantly than the open mastoidectomy ,but the recurrent rate is not different significantly for trea‐ting cholesteatoma otitis media .