Autophagy is a highly conservative biological behavior in eukaryotic cells .This dynamic process involves wrappingcytoplasmic components and combining with lysosomes in cells for catabolism .Auto-phagy can not only take part in maintaining homeostasis ,but also be closely related with tumor development and resistant.Therefore,autophagy is a potential target for antitumor drug resistant .Specific inhibition of autophagy in cancer cells combined with chemotherapy is expected to be an effective cancer treatment strategy .

By discussing the importance of emotional education, the paper points out the existing problems of emotional education in nursing teaching as followings:the lack of teachers′emotional education awareness, the im-balance of cognitive development of nursing students and the lack of professional ideological education. Aiming at the above problems, this paper puts forward these specific countermeasures: strengthening the teachers′ emotional accomplishment so as to enhance their emotional education awareness and building a relaxed and pleasant diversi-fied educational environment so as to strengthen the professional thinking.

Objective To investigate the effects of intensive motor mental practice (MP) on the recovery of upper limb function in hemiplegic stroke patients.Methods Thirty-nine stroke patients were randomly divided into an intensive group,a conventional group and a control group (13 cases in each group).All received regular rehabilitation therapy for 6 weeks (40 min a day,5 d a week).In the following 6 weeks,patients in the intensive and conventional groups received MP-twice a day for the intensive group and once a day for the conventional group.The patients in the control group instead listened to music daily.Motor function was assessed using the Fugl-Meyer assessment (FMA)and the action research arm test (ARAT),which were carried out before treatment and after 2,4 and 6 weeks of treatment.Results There was no significant difference in FMA or ARAT scores among the 3 groups after 2 weeks of therapy.After four weeks FMA improvement was significantly greater in the intensive group than in the conventional or control group.There were also significant differences in FMA between the conventional and control groups.ARAT score improvement was significantly better in the intensive group than in the control group,But there was no significant difference in ARAT results between the conventional and control groups.After 6 weeks FMA and ARAT scores had improved significantly more in the intensive and conventional groups than that in the control group.There were also significant differences in FMA and ARAT scores between conventional and control groups.Conclusion Intensive motor mental practice can improve the upper limb motor function of stroke patients more effectively than less aggressive treatment.

Objective To explore the incidence and pathologic feature of patients with thyroid carcinoma treated at the First Hospital of Jilin University. Methods From January 2000 to July 2010,clinicopathologic data of 1018 patients with thyroid carcinoma treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University were retrospectively analyzed. Results The cases of thyroid carcinoma between 2008 and 2010 were more than 73% higher than that in the preceding 8 years. Cancer cases from January 2009 to July 2010 were more1018 cases reviewed, 976 cases were clearly classified pathologically. Papillary thyroid carcinoma, follicular thyroid carcinoma, medullary thyroid carcinoma and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were present in 897 (91.91%), 43(4. 41% ), 22(2. 25% ) and 6(0. 61% ) cases respectively. Of the 1018 cases reviewed,804 cases were recorded with or without lymphnode metastasis. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of male and female patient were 39. 24% and 28. 64% respectively and the difference was significant( χ2 = 6. 71 ,P ＜0. 05). The rate of lymphnode metastasis of age ＜45 years and age ≥45 years were 37.65% and 23. 26%respectively and the difference was significant ( χ2 = 19. 54, P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusions In the past ten and a half years, the number of the thyroid carcinoma patients treated in the First Hospital of Jilin University increased year by year. The increase of papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most obvious. Thyroid carcinoma was more common among females. The peak incidence age of males and females was 30 -59. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of males was larger than that of females. The rate of lymphnode metastasis of age ＜45years was larger than that of age≥45 years.

Objective:To extract the common factors for evaluating the teaching effect of the integrated curriculum of basic medicine in China, and to analyze and explain the practical significance of these common factors.Methods:A questionnaire survey was conducted among undergraduates of 15 medical colleges in China to evaluate the teaching effect of integrated curriculum of basic medicine, and exploratory factor analysis was conducted for screening and classification. SPSS 22.0 was used to conduct factor analysis.Results:The four major common factors evaluating the teaching effect of integrated curriculum were the effectiveness of teaching process, the rationality of teaching organization, the education of teaching content, and the innovation of teaching methods.Conclusion:The integrated curriculum reform of basic medicine should pay great attention to the simultaneous development of basic theory learning and practical ability training, the effective connection between theoretical teaching and experimental teaching, the educational role in comprehensive quality cultivation of students, and the flexible application of various teaching means and methods.

Throughin-depth study and thinking ofthe current situation of medical education,this paper exploredtraining strategies of applied talents in medical colleges under the new situation.From the training ofapplication talents in medical colleges under new situation,we should focus on the current reality,learn experience.Combined with the characteristics of medical specialty,we should explore the model of strengthening the humanistic quality moral training of current medical application talents from the curriculum,teaching content selection,teachers' construction,environment shaping,teaching methods,assessment and evaluation,and thus to adapt to the medical mode conversion,alleviate the doctor-patient contradiction and promote medical students employments.

Objective To investigate the level of IL-17 and its clinical significance in patients with primary Sj(o)gren's syndrome (pSS) complicated with interstitial lung disease (ILD).Methods IL-17 levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in 53 untreated patients with pSS (25patients with only lacriminal and/or salivary gland involvement,28 with only interstitial lung disease involvement) and 15 healthy controls.The related clinical and laboratory data were recorded.ANOVA,LSDtest and Pearson test were used for statistical analysis.Results There were significant differences between the 3 groups(F=22.504,P=0.000).The mean concentration of sera IL-I7 in the patients with ILD was significantly higher than in patients with only lacriminal or salivary gland involvement (P＜0.05).There was no difference in the levels of sera IL-17 between the patients with only lacriminal and/or salivary gland involvement and healthy controls (P＞0.05).Conclusion Our results show that patients with pSS concomitant with ILD have high serum IL-17 levels,which highlight the role of IL-17 in Sj(o)gren's syndrome interstitial lung injury.

Objective To prepare quercetin ( QUE) loaded chitosan nanoparticles ( CS-NPs), evaluate its physicochemical properties and antioxidation activity in vitro.Methods Quercetin chitosan nanoparticles were prepared by ionic crosslinking method and self-assembly method.The preparation method was optimized using entrapment efficiency (EE), drug loading (DL) and size as indexes.The best formulation and preparation conditions were optimized by orthogonal test based on single-factor test, evaluation indicator as particle size and EE.The physicochemical properties of the obtained QUE-CS-NPs were characterized by the following methods: the transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis for morphology, size distribution and Zeta potential.In vitro release behavior in 0.5% SDS solution was evaluated by dialysis tube method.In vitro antioxidant activity assays were performed by evaluating the abilities of the microspheres for hydroxide radicals and superoxide anions .Results TEM results revealed QUE-CS-NPs with round and uniform.Particle-size analysis showed that the diameters and Zeta potential of the QUE-CS-NPs were (282.9 ±20) nm and (30.5 ±2) mV, with uniform distribution (polydispersity below 0.185).DL and EE of QUE-CS-NPs were (8.81 ±0.65) %and (80.02 ±1.04) %, respectively.QUE-CS-NPs showed extended administration times with 66.2% cumulative release within 72 h.QUE-CS-NPs showed pronounced antioxidant activity and a concentration dependent, even more substantial than that of pure QUE.Conclusion QUE-CS-NPs show a good size, sustain release effect and pronounce antioxidant activity.

Objective:To study the effects of different processes on diosgenin content in polygonatum from Shaanxi. Methods:The content of diosgenin was determined by HPLC on a column of Woburn C18 (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) with the mobile phase of acetonitrile-water(90 ∶10)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1, the detection wavelength was 203 nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the injection volume was 30 μl. Results:The linear range of diosgenin was 0. 892-5. 352 μg(r=0. 999 9), and the aver-age recovery was 99. 5% (RSD=2. 53%). The content of diosgenin was significantly various among the samples of polygonatum with different processes from Shaanxi (P<0. 05), and that in the raw slices was the highest followed by the steam samples, while that in al-cohol evaporate slices was the lowest. Conclusion:The results of the research can provide reference for the quality control and process-ing methods of polygonatum from Shaanxi.

Objective: To study the change rule of polysaccharide content in different processed products of polygonatum from Shaanxi. Methods:The content of polysaccharides was determined by UV spectrophotometry at the wavelength of 580nm after colored by 0. 2% anthranone-sulfuric acid solution. Results: The content of polysaccharide was significantly different among different pro-cessed products of polygonatum, and that in the raw slices was the highest followed by alcohol evaporate slices, while that in the steamed samples was the lowest. Furthermore, the extract and the content in the different processed samples of polygonatum showed a similar regularity. Conclusion:The results of the research can provide reference for the quality control and processing methods of po-lygonatum slices from Shannxi.