OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for simultaneous determination of paeoniflorin,berberine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Xiaoer huadu powder.METHODS:HPLC method was adopted.The separation was performed on Waters SunFireTM-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.1％ phosphoric acid (gradient elution) at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was set at 238 nm,and column temperature was 25 ℃.The sample size was 10 μL.RESULTS:The linear ranges of paeoniflorin,berberine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate were 8.808-88.08 μg/mL(r=0.999 8),1.778-17.78 μg/mL(r=0.999 6),2.533-25.33 μg/mL(r=0.999 9),respectively.LOQ were 4.404,0.889,2.533 μg/mL;LOD were 1.101,0.445,1.267 μg/mL.RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％.The recoveries were 95.08％-99.61％ (RSD=1.77％,n =9),96.93％-99.94％ (RSD=0.92％,n=9),98.33％-102.05％ (RSD=1.27％,n=9).CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and reproducible,and can be used for simultaneous determination of paeoniflorin,berberine hydrochloride and ammonium glycyrrhizinate in Xiaoer huadu powder.

Tissues and organs generate angiogenesis under the stimulation of angiogenic factors in physiological or pathological conditions.Multiple signal pathways including VEGF, Notch, Wnt/β-catenin, Ang1(2)/tie2 and PIK-Akt etc.have effects on various stages of angiogenesis.VEGF exerts irreplaceable effects on the whole process of angiogenesis through multiple signal pathways.Over the past few years, new progress has been made in the researches of mechanisms regulating angiogenesis through VEGF-related signal pathways both at home and abroad.These findings provide us new theoretical basis for clarification of the pathogenesis of many diseases and clinical drug development.In this article we will summarize the recent research progress in this field, hoping to provide new possibilities for the treatment of angiogenesis-related diseases.

ObjectiveIn order to investigate anti-ageing mechanisms of the notoginsenoside Rg1,we used Aβ_(1-42) and D-galactose to establish aging rat model. Methods Ninety rats were divided into three groups at random: sham group, model group, treatment group. Aging rat models were established by injecting peritoneally D-galactose (100 mg/kg) to the rats for 56 days and after 35 days aggregated Aβ_(1-42)(μg) was injected to the right lateral ventricle of rats. Meantime, rats were treated by intragastric administration the notoginsenoside Rg1. Then spatial memory of experimental rats was examined with the Morris water maze(MWM). The thiol antioxidants including glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities were examined by colorimetric method. The concentration of the pro-caspase-3 and Bcl-2 were examined by the immunohistochemistry and Western blotting method. Results In aging model rats escape latercies were significantly prolonged (P<0.05), while decreases were seen in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, GSH-Px, and pro-caspase-3 as compared with the sham group(P<0.05). After treatment of the notoginsenoside Rg1, the aging model rats exhibited significant increases in the time of staying the third quadrants of platform, the number of crossing over a platform, the concentration of the GR, GSH-Px, and pro-caspase-3(P<0.05), while a decrease was observed in escape latercies as compared to control group(P<0.05). Moreover there was no significant difference in the expression of the Bcl-2(P>0.05). Conclusion The results from our study indicate that the notoginsenoside Rg1 could improve the oriented learning and memory capacity and prevent the neurodegeneration of central nervous systems in aging model rats by up-regulating the expression of the thiol antioxidants(including GR and GSH-Px) and resisting the cleavage of the pro-caspase-3.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate clinical efficacy and adverse reactions(ADRs)of 4 kinds of the second-generation anti-psychotic drugs in the treatment of acute phase of schizophrenia. METHODS:159 patients with schizophrenia were randomly divid-ed into risperidone group(40 cases),olanzapine group(40 cases),aripiprazole group(39 cases)and ziprasidone group(40 cas-es). All groups were given routine dosage of relevant medicine by routine usage for 6 weeks. Mental status of patients were mea-sured by PANSS before treatment and after 2,4 and 6 weeks of treatment. At the same time,blood glucose,blood lipid,prolac-tion and other metabolic and biological indicators were all detected. RSESE,BARS and UKU were adopted to evaluate ADR. RE-SULTS:A total of 100 patients completed the study. Compared with aripiprazole group and ziprasidone group,risperidone and olan-zapine inhibited symptom more rapidly,with statistical significance (P<0.05). After treatment,body mass index and abdominal circumference of olanzapine group were significantly higher than those of other 3 groups,with statistical significance (P<0.05). Low density lipoprotein of olanzapine group was increased significantly,there was statistical significance compared to ziprasidone group and aripiprazole group(P<0.05). Prolactin level of risperidone group was significantly higher than those of other 3 groups, while that of aripiprazole group was significantly lower than those of other 3 groups,with statistical significance(P<0.05). ADRs of 4 drugs were mild or moderate,most of whom could be alleviated by symptomatic treatment. CONCLUSIONS:In the treatment of acute phase schizophrenia,4 drugs of the second-generation have similar curative effect in symptoms control,among which ris-peridone and olanzapine inhibit positive symptom more rapidly while more ADRs that related to lipid and glucose metabolism and prolactin also show. Aripiprazole and ziprasidone induce less ADRs relatively,and patients show better tolerability. Physicians should consider all kinds of factors in drugs selection,and make individualized treatment plan.

Objective To investigate the relationship between chromosome 6p copy number alterations (CNAs) and postoperative intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC);and to screen for the target genes in CNA(s).Methods Array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and expression arrays were used to detect CNAs and differences in gene expression, respectively.The associations between CNAs in 6p and HCC recurrence were analyzed using the log-rank test, the Kaplan-Meier curves and the Cox proportional hazards models on 66 patients who had been follow-up for 2.6 ～ 73.3 months.The differentially expression of genes in the potentially recurrence-related CNAs were further evaluated by the MannWhitney U test on 117 HCCs, which included 109 cases with paired array CGH and expression data.Results 6p CNAs were detected in 46 (69.7％) of the 66 HCCs.Of the 8 CNAs with the most frequent recurrence of over 20％ , a gain at 6p21.1 was independently associated with a 2.3-fold (95％ CI =1.1 ～ 5.1, P ＜ 0.05) increased risk for intrahepatic recurrence and with a more pronounced 3.3-fold (95％ CI =1.4 ～ 8.2, P ＜0.05) risk for early recurrence (≤ 1 year).A panel of 9 genes, including BYSL and RPL7L1 within the documented 6p21.1, were observed to be upregulated in HCCs with 6p21.1 gain when compared with HCCs without (all P ＜ 0.05).A high BYSL expression significantly correlated with a larger tumor size (＞ 6 cm), vascular invasion and advanced tumor stage (all P ＜ 0.05), and high RPL7L1 expression significantly correlated with vascular invasion and advanced tumor stage (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion A gain at 6p21.1 was an independently prognostic marker for intrahepatic recurrence of postoperative HCC, particular for early recurrence, and BYSL and RPL7L1 might be the target genes in the recurrence-related 6p21.1 gain.

Objective To explore the effects of morroniside on the expression of Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Tie-2 in a rat after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods 20 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham group (n=4), ischemia group (n=4), and morroniside groups (low, medium and high dosage groups, n=4). The middle cerebral artery were occluded for 30 min, and re-perfused. Morroniside was administered intragastrically once a day at dose of 30 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg and 270 mg/kg after operation. The expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the ischemic ipsilateral cortex were detected with Western blotting analysis 7 days after operation. Results The expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 increased in the ischemia group compared with the sham group (P<0.01), and both of them further increased in the morroniside groups of high dosage compared with the ischemia group (P<0.01), and the expression of Tie-2 also increased in the morroniside groups of medium dosage (P<0.001). Conclusion Morroniside could increase the expression of Ang-1 and Tie-2 in the ischemic ipsilateral cortex after ischemia-reperfusion in rats, suggesting promoting the angiogenesis after ischemia.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in water content in the lumbar intervertebral discs by quantitative T2 MR imaging in the morning after bed rest and evening after a diurnal load. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty healthy volunteers were separately examined in the morning after bed rest and in the evening after finishing daily work. T2-mapping images were obtained and analyzed. An equally-sized rectangular region of interest (ROI) was manually placed in both, the anterior and the posterior annulus fibrosus (AF), in the outermost 20% of the disc. Three ROIs were placed in the space defined as the nucleus pulposus (NP). Repeated-measures analysis of variance and paired 2-tailed t tests were used for statistical analysis, with p < 0.05 as significantly different. RESULTS: T2 values significantly decreased from morning to evening, in the NP (anterior NP = -13.9 ms; central NP = -17.0 ms; posterior NP = -13.3 ms; all p < 0.001). Meanwhile T2 values significantly increased in the anterior AF (+2.9 ms; p = 0.025) and the posterior AF (+5.9 ms; p < 0.001). T2 values in the posterior AF showed the largest degree of variation among the 5 ROIs, but there was no statistical significance (p = 0.414). Discs with initially low T2 values in the center NP showed a smaller degree of variation in the anterior NP and in the central NP, than in discs with initially high T2 values in the center NP (10.0% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.037; 6.4% vs. 16.1%, p = 0.006, respectively). CONCLUSION: Segmental quantitative T2 MRI provides valuable insights into physiological aspects of normal discs.
Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Intervertebral Disc/*radiography ; Lumbar Vertebrae/*radiography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Water/*chemistry

Objective To investigate the effects of morroniside on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fi-broblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) in rat cortex after focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Methods 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats were ran-domly divided into sham group, model group, morroniside-low group (30 mg/kg), morroniside-middle group (90 mg/kg) and morroni-side-high group (270 mg/kg). Middle cerebral arteries of rats were occluded for 30 minutes with Longa's method and re-perfused. The ex-pression of VEGF and FGF-2 in the ischemic ipsilateral cortex was detected with Western blotting 7 days after reperfusion. Results The ex-pression of both VEGF and FGF-2 increased in the ischemic ipsilateral cortexin in all the ischemic groups compared with the sham group (P<0.05). The expression of VEGF further increased in a dose-dependent manner in all the morroniside groups compared with that of model group (P<0.05), and the expression of FGF-2 increased in the morroniside-high group (P<0.001). Conclusion Morroniside could increase the expression of VEGF and FGF-2 after ischemia-reperfusion, which might promote angiogenesis.

Objective To explore the effects of morroniside on the expression of CD34 in ipsilateral cortex of rats after focal cerebral isch-emia-reperfusion. Methods 45 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham group (n=9), ischemia group (n=9), and morroniside groups (low, medium and high dosage groups, n=9). The middle cerebral artery were occluded for 30 minutes, and reperfused. Morroniside was administered intragastrically once a day at dose of 30 mg/kg, 90 mg/kg, 270 mg/kg after operation. The expression of CD34 in the isch-emic ipsilateral cortex were detected with immunohistochemistry (n=6) and Western blotting (n=3) 7 days after operation. Results The ex-pression of CD34 increased in the ischemia group compared with the sham group, and further increased in the morroniside groups of high dos-age compared with the ischemia group (F>14.865, P<0.001). Conclusion Morroniside could increase the expression of CD34 in the ischemic ipsilateral cortex after ischemia-reperfusion in rats, which may promote the angiogenesis and neurogenesis after ischemia.

Objective: To evaluate clinical efficacy and safety of microneedle-mediated intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid for the treatment of sensitive skin. Methods: A total of 53 female patients aged 21-54 years and diagnosed with sensitive skin were enrolled from Department of Cosmetic Dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University from January to June in 2018, and were divided into 3 groups by using a random number generator and a residue-based method: high-pressure jet injection group (n = 23) receiving high-pressure jet injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and high-pressure jet injection with 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the left side of the face (control side) once every 2 weeks, microneedle injection group (n = 15) receiving microneedle-mediated injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and microneedle-mediated injection with 0.9% sodium chloride solution on the left side of the face (control side) once every 4 weeks, combination group (n = 15) receiving microneedle-mediated injection with hyaluronic acid on the right side of the face (treatment side) and high-pressure jet injection with hyaluronic acid on the left side of the face (control side) once every 4 weeks. All the patients in the above 3 groups received 4 consecutive sessions of treatment. Before the initial treatment and 2 weeks after the final treatment, erythema and skin pore scores were determined on the right and left sides of the face by using VISIA facial imaging system, lactic acid stinging test was performed, and skin sensitivity including severity of itching, dryness, erythema and scaling was evaluated. Two weeks after the final treatment, the overall improvement was evaluated with the Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) by clinicians and patients. Adverse reactions were recorded during and after treatment. Statistical analysis was carried out by using paired t test, Wilcoxon sign rank sum test and chi-square test. Results: Two weeks after the final treatment, the improvement of skin pore score in the treatment side was superior to that in the control side in the high-pressure jet injection group (t = 2.19, P = 0.03) , while no significant difference in the improvement of erythema score was observed between the treatment side and control side (t = 1.10, P = 0.27) ; in the microneedle injection group, the improvement of erythema and skin pore scores was greater in the treatment side than in the control side (t = 2.47, 3.02, both P = 0.01) ; in the combination group, the VISIA erythema score in the treatment and control sides was 0.59 ± 0.25 and 0.85 ± 0.31 respectively, the improvement of erythema score in the treatment side was superior to that in the control side (t = 5.02, P < 0.01) , while there was no significant difference in the improvement of skin pore score between the treatment side and control side (P > 0.05) . Two weeks after the final treatment, the severity of itching, dryness and scaling was significantly improved in both the treatment and control sides in the 3 groups compared with those before the initial treatment (P < 0.05) , while the severity of erythema was significantly improved only in the treatment side in the microneedle injection group and combination group when compared with that before the initial treatment (Z = -2.236, -2.887, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Moreover, both the microneedle injection group and combination group showed significantly decreased severity of erythema in the treatment side compared with that in the control side two weeks after the final treatment (Z = -2.646, -2.887, respectively, both P < 0.05) . Two weeks after the final treatment, the positive rate of the lactic acid stinging test significantly decreased in the treatment side compared with that before the initial treatment in the microneedle injection group (χ² = 4.821, P = 0.028) , but showed no significant changes in the other groups (all P > 0.05) . No severe adverse reactions were observed during or after the treatment. Conclusion Microneedle intradermal injection with hyaluronic acid can effectively and safely improve erythema, skin pore and sensitive symptoms in patients with sensitive skin.