Pediatric kidney disease prevalence has increased over the past decades.The key result of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who needs renal replacement therapy with significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome.It is essential to diagnose CKD in the early phase by assessment of kidney function.We assess the kidney function by detecting serum creatinine(SCr) and blood urea nitrogen(BUN),which are traditional biomarkers and not sensitive to diagnose AKI.We also use cystatin C and β2-microglobulin to evaluate kidney function,which are controversial in clinic.It is difficult to evaluate kidney function exactly for children because glomerular filtration rate(GFR) is different in children with different age and gender.It should be more sensitive and specific to assess pediatric kidney function by applying blood and urine biomarkers and GFR equation together.Nowadays,we should find a more precise equation to evaluate GFR for children in order to monitor the kidney disease progression.It may provide the exact timing for the treatment to prevent ESRD.Therefore,we summarize some GFR equations in order to detect more suitable equation to evaluate GFR for Chinese children with different age,gender and nutrition status.

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of serum β2-microglobulin for diagnosis of early renal insufficiency. MethodsThe levels of β2-microglobulin and Scr were measured in one hundred and twelve patients diagnosed of nephropathy and 41 of control group.And the results were analyzed. ResultsCompared with the control group,there was significant difference in serum β2-microglobulin(all P＜0.05).The levels of β2-microglobulin of renal insufficiency were increased,include(3.51 ± 0.46)mg/L,(5.8 ± 1.13)mg/L,(12.4 ± 3.63)mg/L,and (21.3 ± 4.73)mg/L,also correlated with degree of Scr,and negatively correlated with degree of Ccr. ConclusionSerum β2-microglobulin could be used as the early diagnostic marker of early renal insufficiency.

Objective To explore the value of hepcidin measurement in differential diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) and anemia of chronic diseases(ACD) .Methods Serum hepcidin was measured by using ELISA .Serum iron(SI) and total iron binding capacity(TIBC) were determined by using Ferro zine colorimetric method .Results Hepcidin expression increased in ACD group (P<0 .05) ,but decreased in IDA group(P<0 .05) .The area under the curve of ROC for hepcidin ,SI and TIBC were 0 .97 ,0 .66 and 0 .85 respectively .Conclusion Hepcidin is a simple and safe indicator in differential diagnosis of IDA and ACD ,and its diagnos-tic accuracy is better than SI and TIBC .

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic myomectomy surgery and open myomectomy surgery for the patients with uterine fibroids.Methods 78 patients with uterine fibroids in our hospital were divided into observation group and control group by random serial number,and each group had 39 cases.The observation group was given laparoscopic myomectomy,while the control group was given open myomectomy surgery.The average time,average blood loss,postoperative exhaust time and average postoperative hospitalization days were compared between the two groups.Results The operative time,blood loss,postoperative exhaust time and hospital stay time of the observation group were (113.3 ± 15.1) min,(50.5 ± 27.5) ml,(19.5 ± 5.1) h and (4.6 ± 0.5) d,while those in the control group were (61.5 ± 12.7) min,(100.9 ± 35.7) ml,(37.6 ± 4.9) h and (7.7 ± 0.6) d,the differences were significant between the two groups (t =11.79,10.35,8.06,7.11,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with open myomectomy surgery,laparoscopic myomectomy can not only shorten the hospital stay,but also reduce the time of discharge,and it is worth to be further promoted in clinical.

Objective To investigate the value of serum apolipoprotein M (APOM)concentration in the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia and its disease severity evaluation.Methods The serum APOM concentration was examined in 250 cases of pneumonia and 50 healthy controls by using the double antibody sandwich ELISA.The ROC curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic value of APOM on bacterial pneumonia and the Bayes discriminant analysis was adopted to construct the discriminant equation based on APOM concentration for evaluating its discriminant significance to the disease severity.Results The serum APOM concentration in the bacterial pneumonia group was (28.9±10.5)μg/mL,which was significantly higher than (19.4±8.93)μg/mL in viral pneu-monia group,(16.4±5.62)μg/mL in the other pneumonia group and(18.1 ±6.15)μg/mL in the healthy controls,the differences had statistical significance(P <0.01).The area under ROC curve for APOM in diagnosing bacterial pneumonia could reach 0.843, showing the good sensitivity and specificity.Moreover,the serum APOM concentration was positively correlated with the disease severity of bacterial pneumonia.The discriminant equation based on APOM concentration as well as sex,age,systolic pressure,body temperature and heart rate could better conduct the classification on the disease severity of bacterial pneumonia and its accuracy could reach to 86.7%.Conclusion The serum APOM concentration has an important clinical value for the diagnosis of bacterial pneumonia and its disease severity evaluation.

Obesity is mostly recognized as a chronic inflammatory condition in which the balance of normal state is destroyed and it is a risk of cardiovascular disease and many other chronic metabolic disease.Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1),a major cytoprotective enzyme,exerts significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.It also can improve the function of fat cells and enhanced insulin sensitivity in obese individuals.The researches of HO-1 for the anti-inflammatory effects and its intervention have great significance in improving the inflammatory state and its related diseases in obesity.This paper elaborates the change of HO-1 and its effect for macrophage infiltration in obesity.

Neuroglobin (Ngb) is a globin with high affinity to oxygen and is specifically expressed in the brain of vertebrates.Many studies show that Ngb's expressions change and it may have protective effects in nervous system injury,such as ischemia/hypoxia.Mechanisms of the Ngb's protective role include free radicals scavenging,anti-oxidative stress,as well as anti-apoptosis.Ngb can also play a transduction signal to increase downstream phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein serine threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) signal activities.Arsenic exposure can lead to oxidative stress and apoptosis,Ngb may play a protective role in nervous system injury.In this article,we summarized expression changes and protective role of neuroglobin in nervous system injuries,and out looked the protective role of neuroglobin in endemic arsenic poisoning induced nervous system injury.

OBJECTIVE:To construct a fuzzy optimized model based on entropy weight and to discuss the application of the model on the risk management of new drug research&development project.METHODS:Risk management model of new drug research&development projects was established by combining fuzzy mathematics and entropy weight theory.RESULTS:The new drug research&development projects can be optimized and ranked based on the evaluation results on the model.CONCLUSION:The fuzzy optimized entropy weight model can be applied for the evaluation in the risk management of new drug research&development projects,which serves as scientific base for the administrative decision.

Acid sphingomyelinase (ASMase),an important enzyme for production of ceramide has been reported to be involved in the regulation of cell and organ functions and has been implicated in the development of different diseases such as diabetes,hearty disease,liver and kidney diseases.Diabetic nephropathy is a common complication of diabetes.It was found that ASMase has been closely associated with the development renal disease.Hence,it is of great importance to study the impact of ASMase on renal diseases.

Objective To study the changes of Vasodilator-stimulated Phosphoprotein phosphorylation which was dynamically regulated by cell adhesion to extracellular matrix,and to investigate the roles of VASP in the process of tumor cell adhesion and de-adhesion.Methods HeLa cells were divided into four groups: stably adherent cells,cells held in suspension,cells replated onto dishes coated with collagen I and positive control(cells treated with Forskolin).Changes in cell morphology were observed in inverted phase contrast microscope.Phosphorylation of VASP was detected by Western blot,and PKA activity was measured by PKA assay kit.(Results In) untreated,stably adherent cells,VASP was predominantly in the unphosphorylated form; Detachment of cells stimulated PKA activity and induced PKA-dependent phosphorylation of VASP;VASP was phosphorylated gradually following reattachment but returned to base level of phosphorylation during active cell spreading.Conclusion During the process of HeLa cell adhesion and de-adhesion,dynamical changes of VASP from the form of phosphorylation to dephosphorylation via PKA have been observed.