Objective To evaluate different operative procedures for renal cell carcinoma. Methods 81 cases of renal cell carcinoma operated were reviewed.Radical nephrectomy was carried out for 73 case of which renal artery embolism was conducted for 38 before operation.Simple nephrectomy was carried out for 6 cases and enucleation of the tumor for 2. Results The pathological stu dies showed that 52 cases were clear cell carcinoma,19 cases of granular cell carcinoma,6 cases being a combination of the above two varieties,4 cases being cystic renal cell carcinoma.65 of 81 cases have been successfully followed up for 12～110 months.The 5 year survival rate for stage Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ tumors were 83.9%,78.9%,33.3% and 16.7% respectively. Conclusions Renal artery embolism before radial nephrectomy is essential for a successful operation to achieve a long term survival.Nephron sparing surgery for a small,localized low stage renal tumor is safe and effective.

Objective To evaluate the relationship of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP22) in urine and the stage and grade of bladder uroepithelium carcinoma.Methods A total of 48 post-operative patients (males 39, females 9) with bladder cancer enrolled in this study were perfused with THP. The voided urine of all the patients before and 6 months after perfusion were recovered selectively. HGF and NMP22 ELISA kits were used to detect bladder cancer. Results The recurrence rate was 12.5 %. The HGF level had positive correlation with the stage and grade of bladder uroepithelium carcinoma (P ＜0.05). The NMP22 level had positive correlation with the grade of bladder cancer. The sensitivity and specificity of HGF, NMP22 and cytology were 100 % (6/6), 83.3 % (5/6), 66.7 %(4/6) and 61.9 % (26/42), 57.1% (24/42), 97.6 % (41/42), respectively. Conclusion The HGF and NMP22 are both valuable tumor markers in the urine of bladder uroepithelium carcinoma. They have intimate relation with the stage and grade of bladder uroepithelium carcinoma. Hence combined with cytology, they could be selected as the significance level of early screening and diagnosing.

Objective To explore the screening of peroxisome pathway reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative stress gene and its correlation with the antitumor sensitivity of artesunate against pancreatic cancer. Methods Based on microarray mRNA expressions of 55 tumor cell lines in the National Cancer Institute common database,peroxisome pathway-related key genes which were significant correlation with half-inhibitory concentration (IC50 )values of artesunate antitumor activity against human pancreatic cancer were selected by Kendall test.The candidate genes associated with artesunate sensitivity were identified and their mRNA expressions in pancreatic cancer cells were tested using fluorescent quantitative PCR.The contents of peroxi-dase in pancreatic cancer cells were detected through the DAB staining.Results Thirteen key genes mRNA expressions in peroxidase pathways were significantly correlated with IC50 values for artesunate antitumor activi-ty.Compared with normal liver cells HL-7702 (1.00),CRAT (2.89 ±0.06),PEX11B (1.90 ±0.07)and PEX16 (1.35 ±0.07)mRNA expression levels were significantly increased in pancreatic cancer Panc-1 cells which sensitive to artesunate (t =33.00,P <0.01;t =17.85,P <0.01;t =4.54,P <0.05).While CAT
(1.43 ±0.03),SOD1 (2.07 ±0.04)and SOD2 (1.15 ±0.01)mRNA expression levels were also signifi-cantly increased in Panc-1 cells which sensitive to artesunate (t =11.71,P <0.01;t =35.85,P <0.01;t =13.22,P <0.01).However,PEX12 (0.51 ±0.02),CAT (0.47 ±0.02),PRDX1 (0.43 ±0.01),and SOD1 (0.44 ±0.01)mRNA expression levels in pancreatic cancer BXPC-3 cells which resistant to artesunate were significantly lower than that of HL-7702 cells (t =37.53,P <0.01;t =16.52,P <0.01;t =84.20, P <0.01;t =48.24,P <0.01).DAB staining showed that the positive expression rate of peroxisomal content was apparently higher in Panc-1 cells (61.5%)than that of HL-7702 cells (43.8%),with a significant difference (χ2 =16.11,P <0.01).Conclusion Peroxisome and its related ROS antioxidant enzymes CAT, PRDX1,SOD gene expression may be the important factors that affect artesunate antitumor activity against human pancreatic cancer.