Objective To study the effects of biofeedback combined with the fixed functional appliance in the modification of mandible in patients with Angle Class Ⅱ malocclusion and retruded mandible.Methods A Iotal of 30 orthodontic patients were divided into two groups,all patients with retruded mandible and normal maxilla,ANB>6°,aged from 9 years and three months to 14 years and 11 months.All patients were treated with Forsus fixed functional appliance combined with MBT straight-wire appliance.Muscular activity of the superficial masseter muscle before,during,and after treatment.was evaluated by assessing the average integrated eleetromyogram (EMG) .The biofeedback was performed during functional treatment in the study group,the muscular activity of the superficial masseter muscle was turned into the signal which can be read and seen by patients,and the patient can control the muscular activity of the superficial masseter muscle in a certain extent under the help of instrument.After 6 weeks fixed functional appliance treatment,the biofeedback treatment was performed in the study group with the help of instrument and trained for 10 times,and the patients could trained by themselves for 20 minutes everyday.Results The biofeedback treatment was able to regulate the muscular activity of the masseter muscle and prevent the return of muscle function and the tendency to seat the condyle back toward the fossa,maintain the treatment effect;after biofeedback treatment the decreased postural EMG activity in the masseter muscle was steady,but without statistical significance (P>0.05).Conclusion The biofeedback treatment can maintain the muscular activity of the masseter muscle effectively,enhance the effect of functional treatment and keep the stability of the mandibular position.

Objectives To explore the optimal startup time of patient controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) in aged patients after thoracotomy for pulmonary lobectomy.Methods The 67 aged patients after thoracotomy for pulmonary lobectomy from January to December 2008 were randomized divided into two groups:PCIA was startup immediately after waking (instantly group) or after removal tracheal intubation (delayed group).The analgesia efficacy,cardiopulmonary function and side effect were evaluated at the awake time,12,24 and 48 hours after surgery respectively.Result Both of VAS scores at 12 hours after surgery and oxygenation index at 48 hours after surgery had significant difference (P<0.05) between the two groups.The analgesia efficacy was better in the instantly group.There was no significant difference on the duration of mechanical ventilation and side-effect rates between the two groups.No patient suffered from respiratory depression.Conclusion The early use of PCIA in aged patients after thoracotomy for pulmonary lobectomy can gain better pain control and oxygenation effect.

Objective To investigate the effect of intermittent pneumatic pressure pump on the formation of deep venous thrombosis of lower extremity in elderly patients undergoing thoracotomy. Methods Fifty patients undergoing thoracic surgery were managed with intermittent pressure inflation pump besides general preventive measures. The pre-and postoperative blood flow in the lower extremity and incidences of deep venous thrombosis were compared. Result The differences in blood flow in the lower extremity and incidences of deep venous thrombosis were not statistically significant (P>0.05). Conclusion Intermittent pneumatic pressure pump can promote pulsatile blood flow in the lower extremity so as to effectively prevent formation of deep venous thrombosis in elderly patients after thoracotomy.

Objective To tested the passive targeting of nanobubbles penetrating tumor vascular endothelial cells gap.Methods Twenty female BALB/c nude mice subcutaneously bearing human ovary cancer SKOV3 were devided into two groups:group A (ultrasound imaging) and group B (frozen sections:B1 and B2).DiI labled nanobubbles and microbubbles were prepared and adjusted into the same concentrations.Group A:Microbubbles and nanobubbles of 35 μl were injected into the tail vein of every mouse respectively (1.5 h interval).Ultrasound imaging were acquired.Group B:Nanobubbles and microbubbles of 10 μl were injected into the tail vein of mice in Group B1 and Group B2 respectively.Heart perfusion by PBS or 0.9％ normal saline was carried out 1.5 h after bubbles injection to clear the free bubbles in blood circulation.And the tumor and muscle of right lower limb were immediately cut off for frozen slices (3 μm),which were stained by Hoechst 33342 to mark the nucleus.Images were obtained with a confocal microscope.Results In vivo ultrasound imaging,the time to peak and clearance time of nanobubbles were longer than those of microbubbles,whereas the intensity of enhancement was lower than microbubbles.Frozen sections showed:with the confocal laser scanning microscopy imaging,quite a number of DiI-labeled nanobubbles existed in the intercellular space of SKOV3 tumor,whereas there were few nanobubbles in skeletal muscle sections.In the control,rare DiI-labeled microbubbles were observed in tumors and skeletal muscle.Conclusions Self-made lipid nanobubbles were small enough to pass through the tumor vascular endothelial gap,namely achieve the tumor passive targeting.

Objective To compare the efficiency of oscillation with sonication in preparing nano-scale microbubbles (NBs).Methods Nano-scale microbubbles were prepared using oscillation and sonication respectively,and then compared the NBs' size,size distribution,concentrations and time-consumption of the two methods.Results The sizes of nanobubbles prepared by sonication and oscillation were (373.88 ±18.43)nm and (360.74 ± 14.39)nm,respectively.There was no significant difference in size between the two methods (P =0.523).The polidispersity was larger in sonication before centrifugation,there was significant difference between the two methods (P ＜0.001).The concentration of nanobubbles prepared by oscillation was (1.48 ± 0.15) × 1010,which was higher than that by oscillation [(8.07 ± 0.62) × 108],there was significant difference between the two methods (P ＜ 0.001).The consuming time was shorter in oscillation,the difference was significant when compared with sonication (P ＜0.001).Conclusions Both two methods can successfully prepare NBs.Compared with sonication,oscillation can effectively produce NBs with smaller polidispersity,higher concentration and shorter time-consumption.

Objective To prepare targeted nanoscale lipid ultrasound contrast agent and study the targeting function in vitro.Methods After the biotinylated monoclonal antibody Herceptin was prepared,the biotinylated degree and immunological activity were determined.Then biotinylated antibody was attached to the surface of nanoscale lipid ultrasound contrast agents by avidin-biotin system to prepare the targeted nanobubbles.The targeting function was studied by observing the combination ability of the targeted nanobubbles with SKOV3 cells in vitro,non-targeted nanobubbles as controls,and observing ultrasound imaging in vitro.Results About 16 biotin molecules were coupled to each antibody in average,and the immunological activity of the biotinylated antibody didn't decrease compared with the free one(P ＞0.05).SKOV3 cells were combined firmly and surrounded regularly by red dyed targeted nanobubbles,while control groups were negative.Ultrasound imaging could be significantly enhanced by targeted nanobubble binding to SKOV3 cell slides,the other two control groups were negative.Conclusions Nanoscale ultrasound contrast agent and antibodys can be combined firmly by avidin-biotin system to produce the targeted nanobubbles,which have strong targeting function in vitro and significantly enhanced ultrasound signal.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the dynamic change of chemical constituents in Changium smyrnioides at different ages and give a reference for standard cultivation.

METHODThe contents of polysaccharides, mannitol and choline in the roots were determined by colorimetry. HPLC was used to analyze water-soluble components in the roots. GC-MS was used to analyze volatile oil components in the leaves. Similarity coefficient of water-soluble components was calculated by included angle cosine method.

RESULTThere was significant difference in content of the analyzed chemical constituents except polysaccharide. Contents of mannitol, physiological ash and polysaccharide in the adult plant were higher than those in the young plant. On the contrast, content of water-soluble components and choline in the young plant was higher than that in the adult plant. With the increase of the growth years, water-soluble components in the roots and volatile oil components in the leaves were gradually concentrated.

CONCLUSIONThe growth time significantly affects the chemical constituents in Ch. smyrnioides, the reasonable harvest time is from the second to the forth year after transplanting.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the distribution of chemical constituents in different parts of Changium smyrnioides.

METHODThe content of polysaccharides, mannitol and choline was determined by colorimetry and the water-soluble components was determined by HPLC. similarity coefficient of water-soluble components was calculated by the included angle cosine method.

RESULTThe Contents of chemical constituents were significantly different between the leaves and the roots. The contents of choline and polysaccharides in the roots was higher than those in the leaves, but the contents of water-soluble extract and physiological ash in the leaves was higher than those in the roots. Contents of chemical constituents were also significantly different at different segments in the root, which decreased from the upper to the lower parts, increased from the outside to the inside parts except physiological ash, and the difference in horizontal segments was higher than that in vertical segments. Total peak area of water-soluble components in the leaves was 2.81 times higher than that in the roots, and gradually increased from the outside to the inside parts.

CONCLUSIONTotal content of chemical constituents in the leaves was significantly higher than that in the roots. The quality of medicinal used parts decreased gradually from the inside to the outside parts and from the upper to the lower parts in the root of Ch. smyrnioides.

OBJECTIVETo analyze water-soluble components in the roots of Ch. smyrnioides among different populations that distributed in the main areas and give a reference for germplasm evaluation and quality control.

METHODWater-soluble components were extracted with the cold-soaking method and analyzed by HPLC, similarity coefficient was calculated by included angle cosine method according to relative content of major water-soluble components, and systematic relationships were constructed based on UPGMA method.

RESULTThere was significant difference in water-soluble components in root among population. Jiuhuashan population had the highest content of water-soluble extract. The content of water-soluble extract was below the pharmacopoeia standard in the root of Dalongshan population and Fushan population. There was significant difference in the HPLC chromatogram of water-soluble components in the root of Ch. smyrnioides from different populations, and the number of common peak was small. Similarity coefficient significantly ranged from 0.0306 to 0.9995 among 10 populations of Ch. smymrnioides. Water-soluble components in the root of Zijinshan population was the most unique, similarity coefficients were relatively small among Zijinshan population and the other seven populations except Hongshan population, and similarity coefficient was in a higher level of 0.9697 between Zijinshan population and Hongshan population. Water-soluble components were extremely similar in four populations that were Laoshan, Maoshan, Qinglongshan and Langyashan, and similarity coefficients among them were in a high level exceeded 0.99. 10 populations were divided into 3 groups according to clustering results.

CONCLUSIONWater-soluble components show a high diversity in the roots of Ch. smyrnioides among different populations, and can be clearly divided into 3 types.

Objective:To observe the efficacy the application of endoscope assisted temporoparietal fascia flap harvest for the second-stage operation in auricular reconstruction of Nagata’s technique for microtia.Method:In this retrospective study, the clinical data were collected from the patients who received microtia reconstruction with autologous rib cartilage at the Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command from January 2015 to January 2022. According to the surgical procedure, patients were divided into endoscopic group and open surgery group. In endoscopic group, endoscope-assisted temporoparietal fascia harvest were performed for the second-stage operation in auricular reconstruction of Nagata’s technique. In open surgery group, temporoparietal fascia flaps were harvested in open surgery for the second-stage operation in auricular reconstruction of Nagata’s technique. Regular follow-up was conducted to observe the survival of the fascia flaps, complications, patient satisfaction, and surgical scars. The patient satisfaction questionnaire for auricular reconstruction was used to assess patient satisfaction, and the patient and observer scar assessment scale (POSAS) was used to evaluate scar formation in the surgical area. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 statistical software. The measurement data were expressed by Mean ± SD, and the counting data were expressed as cases (%). The T-test was used to compare the age difference, length of hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, scar length, patient satisfaction, and POSAS scores between the two groups. Chi-square test was used to compare the gender composition and incidence of complications between the two groups. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:A total of 51 patients were included, with 26 in the endoscopic group (14 men and 12 women) and 25 in the open surgery group (12 men and 13 women). The age of the patients in the endoscopic group was (9.8±2.9) years (ranging from 7 to 17 years), while in the open surgery group was (10.3±3.8) years (ranging from 7 to 17 years). The postoperative follow-up period was (15.4±3.4) months (1 to 2 years), and all fascia flaps survived without any severe complications. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in terms of age difference, length of hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative satisfaction, sex composition ratio, and postoperative complications ( P>0.05). The scar quality in the endoscopy group was superior to that in the open surgery group, and POSAS scores of endoscopic group were lower than those in the open surgery group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Endoscope assisted temporoparietal fascia flap harvest for the second-stage operation in auricular reconstruction of Nagata’s technique for microtia can minimize scarring, improve the postoperative appearance and is not statistically associated with the appearance of reconstructed auricles or complications.