OBJECTIVE:To study the bactericidal activity of thymopentin and its derived peptides. METHODS:Agar plate count was adopted to determine the bactericidal activity of thymopentin [arginine(R)-lysine(K)-aspartic acid(D)-valine(V)-tyro-sine(Y),RKDVY],its derived peptide 1 [RKN(agedoite,N)VY] and derived peptide 2(RKKVY)to Gram negative bacterial (Proteusbacillus vulgaris,Escherichia coli) and Gram positive bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus,Enterococcus faecium). There were 15.625-1 000 μg/ml for peptides,102 CFU for bacteria. RESULTS:Three pentapeptides possessed bactericidal activity against Gram negative bacteria. The activities of RKKVY and RKNVY were stronger than RKDVY(P<0.01),there was no significant dif-ference between RKKVY and RKNVY(P>0.05). They also possessed bactericidal activity against Gram positive bacteria,and the activity from strong to weak was RKKVY>RKNVY>RKDVY(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS:Thymopentin and its derived peptides possess bactericidal activity against Gram negative and positive bacteria,with dose-effect relationship.

Objective: To study collagen distribution and its quantitative variation in t he aortic adventitia of spontaneously hypertensive rats Methods: Sirus red stain was used to observe collagen distribution in aortic adventitia；Chloramine-T oxidation assay was employed to quantitate the collagen of aortic adventitia；Immuno-histochemical staining was adopted to detect type Ⅰ、Ⅲ collagen synthetic characteristic of vascular adventitial fibroblasts. Results: Collagen of rat aoritc wall mainly distributes in adventitia；SHR shows more collagen deposition in adventitia than WKY at the age of 8weeks and 24 weeks；The immuno-histochemical staining of type Ⅰ、Ⅲ collagen in vascular a dventitial fibroblasts is positive. Conclusions: All those results indicate that vascular adventitia ma y be involved in hypertensive vascular remodeling.and vascular adventitial fibroblasts can synthe size collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ.

AIM:Effects of anatotensin Ⅱ on type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and its mRNA expansion in cultured vascular adventitial fibroblasts. METHODS: Vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAF)were isolated, cultured from rat thoracic aorta by explant method. ELISA was used to study type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and competihve RT - PCR was employed to detect its mRNA expression after angiotensin Ⅱ administration. RESULTS: Angiontensin Ⅱ caused a dose dependent increase of type Ⅰ collagen synthesis and its mRN expression in VAF. CONCLUSION: The results support that angiotensin Ⅱ is an important factor controlling collagen metabolism of VAF and VAF may play an im- portant role in vascular remodelling of hypertension.

Background Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) has become an effective method of treatment for fungal keratitis in recent years,but the application timing of glucocorticoids after PKP is still unclear.Literature reported that the concentration of tear (1,3)-β-D-glucan in fungal keratitis was significantly higher than that in normal.Objective This study was to investigate the change of tear (1,3)-β-D-glucan before and after PKP in fungal keratitis and to explore the application duration of anti-fungal drugs and application timing of glucocorticoids.Methods This study protocol was approved by ethic committee of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.A serial cases-observational study was performed from August,2011 to December,2012.Twenty eyes of 20 patients with fungal keratitis were collected in Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University.PKP was performed in affected eyes,and the fellow health eyes served as controls.Tear of 50 μl was obtained in the controls on 1 day before operation and 1 day,7,14,21 and 28 days after operation to detect tear (1,3)-β-D-glucan levels.Results Tear (1,3)-β-D-glucan levels were (14.67±3.84)mg/L,(1 861.66±196.17) mg/L,(927.71±155.82)mg/L,(392.30±71.22)mg/L,(179.60±40.47) mg/L,(40.20± 12.46) mg/L and (15.12± 1.80) mg/L in the control group,preoperative 1 day,postoperative 1 day,7,14,21,28 days,respectively,showing a significant difference among various time points (F=883.45,P=0.00).Tear (1,3)-β3-D-glucan levels were gradually reduced with the lapse of the postoperative time,with significant differences between adjacent timepoints (t' =13.84,t =16.67,t' =11.02,t' =13.97,t' =-8.45,all at P=0.00).Tear (1,3)-β-D-glucan levels in postoperative 28 days came near that of normal control group,without significant difference between them (P =0.64).Fungal keratitis recurred in 2 eyes on the fifth and sixth day after operation,with the tear (1,3)-β-D-glucan levels of 2 350.24 mg/L and 1 992.82 mg/L,respectively.Conclusions The concentration of (1,3)-β-D-glucan in the tears increases in the eyes with fungal keratitis and drops to normal range at 28 days after PKP,indicating that the antifungal eyedrops should be applied until 4 weeks after PKP,and this is an optimal timing of using corticosteroid eyedrops to resist reject reaction.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of signal pathway Wnt/β-catenin in prostate cancer stem cells.Methods Prostate cancer tissues,hyperplasia prostate tissues and normal prostate tissues were collected,then prostate cancer stem cells were selected from cell suspension in the culture system of serum-free medium by magnetic activated cell sorting system.Immunohistochemical SP test,RT-PCR and Western blot were applied to test the expression of Wnt and β-Catenin mRNA or protein in prostate cancer stem cells,hyperplasia prostate tissues and normal prostate tissues.Results The protein expression of Wnt and β-Catenin was higher in prostate cancer tissues compared with that in hyperplasia prostate tissues and normal prostate tissues;mRNA expression of Wnt and β-Catenin was higher in prostate cancer stem cells (4.57±0.83,3.93±0.78) than in hyperplasia prostate tissues (1.32±0.35,1.48±0.44) and normal prostate tissues (1.00±0.12,1.00±0.11),and the difference was statistically significant (F＝13.287,12.648,P＝0.000).Protein expression of Wnt and β-Catenin was higher in prostate cancer stem cells(0.87±0.10,1.12±0.23) than in hyperplasia prostate tissues(0.39±0.08,0.64±±0.11) and normal prostate tissues (0.33±0.09,0.45±0.10),and the difference was statistically significant (F＝16.625,14.417,P＝0.000).Conclusion Signal pathway Wnt/β-catenin is stimulated abnormally in prostate cancer stem cells,causing the occurrence of prostate cancer,providing a new research direction for treatment of prostate cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Wuqinxi bear play on TCM symptoms and health status in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis of Qi deficiency of spleen and stomach.Methods A total of 60 patients with chronic atrophic gastritis admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology in our hospital were selected.Using random number table method,the patients were divided into the intervention group and the control group with 30 cases in each group.The intervention group adopted bear play for exercise,and the control group was treated with routine treatment and nursing.The scores of TCM symptoms and SF-36,and reports of endoscope were compared between two groups.Results The scores of TCM symptoms in the intervention group were decreased after 2 and 4 weeks' of intervention.The score of each factor in SF-36 was increased and results of endoscope report were improved after 12 weeks' intervention.The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusion Bear play can effectively alleviate symptoms of chronic atrophic gastritis of Qi deficiency of spleen and stomach,and improve patents' quality of life.

Phthalate esters belong to the group of environmental hormones,which are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and they can damage the human health through breathing to get into the body.The recent researches on the analysis of phthalate esters in the air such as sampling,pretreatment and determination were reviewed and some related issues were discussed in the paper.It would be reference for the further study of phthalate esters.

Objective To study the relationship between mental effort and personal time perspective during the process of individual changing bad habits.Methods 230 graduate students were collected to attend this longitudinal study of 21 days by experience sampling method.The data on mental effort and performance were obtained from the process of daily change of the bad behavior.Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI) was applied to graduate students.The survey results were analyzed by hierarchical linear modeling (HLM).Results In 21 days,the mental effort of subjects showed very clear downward trend,the trend of the change was statistical significant (total score(5.63±2.62),t=-5.590,P＜0.01).Mental effort didn't have significant difference in five kinds of behavioral objectives (keeping early hours,exercising daily,dieting,reading daily,limiting screen time) (P＞0.05).The male obviously put more effort than the female during the study(t=2.743,P＜0.01).Both Present Hedonism and Futurism were inversely related to mental effort,which was statistical significant (t=-2.504,P＜0.05;t=2.39,P＜0.05).Both Present Fatalism and Futurism had the effects on the changing trend of the mental effort regulatory,which was statistical significant (t=-3.099,P＜0.01;t=-2.400,P＜0.05).Conclusion The mental effort of changing the behavior will gradually decline during the process of habit establishment.The mental effort of subjects who had present fatalism or futurism show a faster decline.

Objective To study the effect of parenting styles on the children' s self-control,and distinguish the influence between father and mother.Methods The present study selected 1 531 children (766 girls) between 3-10 years old.Data on parenting style were collected by parenting style questionnaire,while data on children' s self-control were measured by dual-system of self-control scale.Principal component analysis was conducted to examine common method bias.Results (1) No common method bias was found in this study.(2) Boys scored (31.66±5.95) on control system lower than girls (32.91±5.49),t=4.071,P＜ 0.01,but they had higher scores (43.19±8.32) on impulsive system than girls (41.96±8.32),t=2.226,P=0.027.(3)The associations of children's self-control scores with parents' spoiling,neglectful,authoritarian,inconsistent style were significant (r=-0.054～-0.174,P＜0.05),while it correlated positively with parents' democratic style (r=0.231,r=0.243,P＜0.05).The correlation between children's impulsive system scores and parents' spoiling,neglectful,authoritarian,inconsistent style were significantly positive (r=0.116-0.195,P＜0.05),while its associations with parents' democratic style were significant (r=-0.107,r=-0.108,P＜0.05).(4) As controlling children's age and sex,father democracy (β=0.120),inconsistency (β=-0.159),and mother democracy (β=0.188) were significantly correlated with children' s self-control (R 2adj =0.107,P＜0.05).Father despotism (β=0.070),inconsistency (β=0.136),mother's democracy (β=-0.063),despotism (β=0.099) and inconsistency (β=0.061) significantly predicted children's impulsive system (R 2adj =0.082,P＜0.05).Conclusion Each dimension of self-control and parenting style is high correlation.Father and mother's different rearing traits and the combination of different rearing traits contributed variously to children' s self-control system.

Objective:To identify the healing effect of electrospun silk fibroin-BMP-2 as a biologic pulp capping agent to inflammatory pulp in rat caused by lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) .Methods:A total of 30 healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups:(1) normal control group without operation;(2) blank control group without capping agents;(3) calcium hydroxide capping group;(4) electrospun silk fibroin capping group;(5) electrospun silk fibroin-BMP-2 capping group .Bilateral up-per first molars of each rat in group 2-5 were drilled to expose the pulp to LPS which was used to estab-lish a model of inflammatory pulp .The exposed pulp was capped with different capping agents or without capping agents.Then the hole was sealed.The animals were sacrificed on days 3, 7, and 14 post-opera-tion and histological analysis was carried out , including HE stain and CD 14 immunohistochemical stain . Results:On day 7 and 14 , the lowest inflammatory reaction score in HE stain among pulp capping groups was that of silk fibroin-BMP-2 group .The next were calcium hydroxide group and silk fibroin group .That of blank control group was the highest .The ranking of reparative dentine scores of those groups was just reversed.The D values of immunohistochemical stain of CD 14 were not significantly different in groups applied pulp capping agents but significantly lower than blank control group on days 3 and 7.However, the D value of silk fibroin-BMP-2 group ( 0 .145 ±0 .011 ) was significantly lower than blank control group (0.287 ±0.019), calcium hydroxide group (0.170 ±0.017) and silk fibroin group (0.175 ± 0 .018 ) on day 14 .Conclusion:Electrospun silk fibroin compounded with BMP-2 promoted wound hea-ling of exposed pulp and had better potential to stimulate formation of reparative dentine to establish a suitable environment for pulp recovery .