Objective To study the morphology and the effect of bovine lactoferricin (LfcinB) for Jurkat T leukemia cells and HFL-I cell and further validate and analyze the signal transduction passage way of LfcinB-induced apoptosis. Method The Jurkat T leukemia cells and fibroblasts stained with Hoechst 33258 after in vitro treatment with LfcinB were observed through fluorescence microscope, compared with positive and negative control groups to analyze the difference between the effect of LfcinB on Jurkat T leukemia cells and HFL-I cell with gel electrophoresis analysis of DNA fragmentation. Early apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential of Jurkat T leukemia cells were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the changes of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9 and cytochrome C in endochylema of Jurkat T leukemia cells after exposed to LfcinB during 4, 6 and 8 h were detected by Western blotting. Results DNA Ladder was shown by gel electrophoresis analysis of DNA fragmentation in Jurkat T leukemia cells following treatment with LfcinB, which was not found in HFL-I cell. Through fluorescence microscope, we found that nucleus of LfcinB-exposed Jurkat T leukemia cells stained with Hoechst 3325 became condense, but the nucleus of HFL-I cell was not changed. The results of flow cytometry analysis indicated that apoptosis rates of Jurkat T leukemia cells exposed to LfcinB for 2, 4 h were 11.5% and 17.8% respectively, with decline of mitochondria membrane potential. Immunoblot analysis showed that LfcinB could increase the content of cytochrome C, with the activated caspase-3 and caspase-9 increase gradually in endochylema of Jurkat T leukemia cells, however there was no effect of LfcinB on caspase-8. Conclusion LfcinB induced apoptosis of Jurkat T lenkemia cells, but not affected fibroblasts. After Jurkat T leukemia cells, contacted with LfcinB for more than 2 h, the contents of caspase-3, caspase-9 and cytochrome C in the cells were cumulatively increasing, which further validated that LfcinB induced Jurkat apoptosis by intra-cellular signal pathway depending on caspase family.

A rare case of submandibular venous malformation with multiple phleboliths is reported.The clinical pathology,diagnosis ,treat-ment,causes and differential diagnosis of submandibular gland sialolithiasis were discussed based on related literatures.

Objective To investigate relationships between serum levels of anti?tyrosinase IgG antibody(TYR IgG)as well as anti?tyrosinase?related protein?1 IgG antibody(TRP?1 IgG)and vitiligo. Methods Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was performed to detect serum levels of TYR IgG and TRP?1 IgG in 260 patients with vitiligo and 50 health controls. The threshold for defining a positive test result was set at 3 standard deviations above the mean serum level of TYR IgG or TRP?1 IgG in the healthy controls. Results The positive rate of TYR IgG and/or TRP?1 IgG in the vitiligo group was 57.31%(149/260). The positive rates of TYR IgG and TRP?1 IgG were both significantly higher in the vitiligo group than in the control group(TYR IgG:37.3%[97/260]vs. 0,χ2=25.441, P<0.01;TRP?1 IgG:33.5%[87/260]vs. 0,χ2=21.630, P<0.01). The positive rate of TYR IgG was not associated with that of TRP?1 IgG in the vitiligo group(r=-0.032, P>0.05). Among patients with vitiligo, the positive rate of TRP?1 IgG was significantly higher in females than in males(χ2=5.811, P<0.05), as well as in patients aged≤20 years than in those aged>20 years(χ2=6.498, P<0.05), while the positive rate of TYR IgG didn′t differ between females and males, or between patients aged ≤ 20 years and those aged > 20 years (both P >0.05). Conclusion Detection of TYR IgG and TRP?1 IgG may provide some evidence for the diagnosis and treatment of vitiligo.

Objective To compare the efficacy and safety of transurethral plasmakinetic resection of prostate (PKRP) and transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Methods The clinical and follow-up data of 186 patients with BPH were analyzed retrospectively. Two groups of BPH patients (90 patients in PKRP group,96 patients in TURP group) were treated by PKRP and TURP,respectively. The clinical date and therapeutic result were measured and compared for both in-tra-and inter-groups. Results In PKRP group,the operative time,intraoperative bleeding,the rates of damage of prostate surgical membranes,secondary hemorrhage (within 1 month),the rates of postoperative temporary urinary incontinence (within 2 months) were (65.3 ± 12.8)min,(213.6 ± 78.2)ml,5.6%(5/90),2.2% (2/90)and 21.1% (19/90),respectively,while in TURP group,these parameters were (83.6 ± 17.5) min,( 397.4 ± 142.7 )ml,17.7%( 17/96 ),11.5% ( 11/96 )and 36.5% ( 35/96 ),respectively. There were signif-icant differences between the 2 groups (P < 0.05 ). In PKRP group,the international prostate symptom score (IPSS),quality of life(QOL),Qmax and PVR were (4.7 ± 1.3 )scores,(1.1 ± 0.4)scores,( 18.7 ± 5.6)ml/s,(8.9 ± 2.5)ml,respectively,while in TURP group,these parameters were (5.3 ± 1.0)scores,(1.2 ± 0.5) scores,(20.4 ± 4.3 )ml/s,(11.2 ± 3.2)ml,respehively. These parameters were significantly improved after both procedures(P < 0.05),but there was no significant difference in the above parameters between the 2 groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions PKRP and TURP have similar efficacy in the treatment of BPH,but PKRP ap-pears to have an advantage of more safety and easier blood controls with less physical damage and complica-lion than those in TURP. PKRP is a better treatment option for BPH.

Objective To investigate the in vitro effect of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and ATRA on the morphological transition, proliferation of and apoptosis in a human cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma cell line SCL-1. Methods Cultured SCL-1 cells were divided into 6 groups to be treated with ATRA of 1 μmol/L, various concentrations ( 100, 500, 1000 U/ml) of IFN-γ, the combination of ATRA of 1 μmol/L and IFN-y of 1000 U/ml,respectively, or to remain untreated. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the cell proliferation and apoptosis. The morphological features of apoptotic cells were observed by a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and inverted phase contrast microscope after 1% propidium iodide staining. Results IFN-γ could inhibit the proliferation of SCL-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the most pronounced inhibitory effect was observed at a dose of 1000 U/ml . ATRA and IFN-γ induced an apoptosis in SCL-1 cells, and the early apoptosis rate was 4.84%, 11.96% and 18.71% in SCL-1 cells after treated with ATRA of 1 μmol/L, IFN-γ of 1000 U/ml and their combination, respectively. A series of morphological changes characteristic of apoptosis,such as bipolar changes, were observed in SCL-1 cells treated with ATRA and IFN-γ, with the presence of many early apoptotic cells, which showed a trend towards benign differentiation. Conclusions Within a certain concentration range, IFN-γcan promote the differentiation, but inhibit the proliferation of SCL-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and ATRA could enhance the effects of IFN-γ.

Objective To observe the effect of astaxanthin on radiotherapy sensitivity of lung cancer A549 cells transplanted in nude mice. Methods Twenty BALB/c nude mice were divided into four groups:control group (mice were gavaged with pure water containing with 10% DMSO), astaxanthin group (mice were gavaged with astaxanthin suspension containing with 10%DMSO, astaxanthin was given to mice with the dose of 50 mg/kg on the first day, and every other day in the following days with a total of 7 times), radiotherapy group (mice were gavaged with pure water containing with 10%DMSO, the tumor site was given local radiotherapy with a dose of 5 Gy per time and the total dose was 15 Gy) and combination group (mice were given 50 mg/kg astaxanthin and radiotherapy with 15 Gy total irradiated dose). When the minor axis of the tumor reached 5 mm we began experiment. Tumor growth curve was measured by detecting the line of apsides every other day. Mice were killed on the second day after the last time of astaxanthin administration. Weights of tumor were measured by a balance and then tumor mass was processed into paraffin sections. Expressions of proliferating tumor cell antigen Ki-67, phosphorylated-signal transducers and activators of transcription (p-STAT3), and cell apoptosis (measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP nick- end labeling, Tunnel) were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with control group, the transplanted tumor growth rate slowed down in other three groups (P<0.05), and tumor growth was the most slowly in the combination group. Tumor weight, Ki-67 and p-STAT3 expressions were decreased gradually in turn in control group, astaxanthin group, radiotherapy group and combination group. The anti-tumor rate and percentage of cell apoptosis were increased gradually in turn. There was significant difference between groups by multiple comparison statistics(P<0.05). Conclusion Astaxanthin enhances radiotherapy sensitivity of human lung cancer A549 cells in nude mice by down-regulating the expression of p-STAT3.

Objective To investigate the liver protective effects of Xiaoyaosan in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice.Methods Thirty mice were randomly divided into a control group, a model group, and aXiaoyaosan group, with 10 mice in each group. The mice in theXiaoyaosan group were intragastrically administrated withXiaoyaosan, the mice in the remaining two groups were fed with an equal volume of distilled water. After 7 days, acute liver injury were inducedvia intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride peanut oil solution. The serum levels of alanine transaminase(ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were measured, and pathological changes of liver tissue was tested after 16 hours.Results The serum levels of ALT(136.46±15.75 U/Lvs. 22.96±6.23 U/L), AST(145.37±16.39 U/Lvs. 31.89±7.26 U/L), and MDA level in the liver tissue(17.48±3.45 nmol/mgvs. 4.22±1.08 nmol/mg)in the model group were significantly higher than those in the control group(allP<0.01), SOD level in the liver tissue significantly lower than that in the control group(261.60±20.29 U/mgvs. 336.73±25.34 U/mg,P<0.01). The serum levels of ALT(89.38±6.96 U/L,P<0.01), AST(119.04±20.44 U/L, P<0.05), MDA level(10.30±2.22 nmol/mg,P<0.01) in the liver tissue in theXiaoyaosan group levels were significantly lower than those in the model group, and SOD level(304.77±31.71 U/mg,P<0.01) in the liver tissue were significantly higher than that in the model group.ConclusionXiaoyaosan has liver protective effects in carbon tetrachloride-induced acute liver injury in mice.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of estrogenic-like effects ofWujia-Shenghua capsule and effective medication site.MethodsThrough D-101 macroporous resin column methods,Wujia-Shenghua capsule with 60% ethanol extraction was separated for water elution part, 20% ethanol elution part, 40% ethanol elution part, 60% ethanol elution part. Then each elution part was respectively mixed into concentration of 10mg/ml,1mg/ml, 0.1mg/ml, 0.01 mg/ml and acted on the MCF-7 cell to have, MTT test and rate of PR calculation.Results Compared with the blank control group(100%), when the concentration was 0.1 mg/ml, water elution part, 20% ethanol elution part and 60% ethanol elution part(98.10%, 101.06%, 106.04%)had no effect on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, there was not statistically significant(P>0.05), while the 40% ethanol elution part(108.22%)can promote the proliferation of MCF-7 cells,there was a statistically significant(P<0.05). When the concentration was 1 mg/ml, 20%, 40% and 60% ethanol elution part(111.72%, 122.48%, 115.35%)can distinctly promote the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, there was a significant difference between four groups(P<0.01).ConclusionThe 40% ethanol elution part ofWujia-shenghua capsule has the strongest estrogen activity on plant.

Objective To analyze the long-term results of rituximab combined with whole brain radiotherapy and 3-dimentional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) in treatment of patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). Methods 23 postoperative patients younger than 60 years old were treated. Whole brain radiotherapy with dose of 32.4 Gy were performed and lesions were followed by 3D-CRT with dose of 18 Gy.A dose of rituximab (375 mg/m2) was infused on day 1 (once a week for six weeks).The overall survival was analyzed by using Kaplan-Meier.Results 19 patients(82.6 ％) was complete remission 3 patients (13.0 ％) was part remission,14 patients (60.9 ％) was progression-free survival was 26 months (17-34 months). The overall survival was 40 months (29-55 months). Toxicity was moderate without grade 3-4 neurotoxicity toxic events. Conclusions Radiotherapy (whole brain radiotherapy with sequential 3D-CRT)combined with rituximab seems to yield substantial long-term survival with moderate toxicity for the treatment of the younger patients with PCNSL.

Objective To determine the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α,interleukin (IL)-17,IL-22 and IL-17F in patients with palmoplantar pustulosis (PP),and to estimate their relationship with disease activity in PP.Methods Venous blood samples were collected from 30 patients with PP at both active stage and stationary stage and from 20 healthy human controls.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was conducted to determine the serum levels of TNF-α,IL-17,IL-22 and IL-17F.The paired Wilcoxon signed rank test was carried out to compare the serum levels of cytokines between patients at active stage and at stationary stage,and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare those among different groups.Results The median serum levels of TNF-α,IL-17 and IL-22 in patients with PP at active stage were 186.35 (range,113.48-412.69) ng/L,420.45 (range,278.55-748.73) ng/L and 106.48 (range,69.13-251.86) ng/L respectively,significantly higher than those at stationary stage (42.52(18.83-95.37) ng/L,48.11 (36.43-80.04) ng/L,20.32 (10.55-48.75) ng/L,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05) and those in the controls (24.30 (12.0-61.56) ng/L,10.49 (6.24-24.44) ng/L,2.58 (1.41-5.78) ng/L,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).Moreover,the patients at stationary stage showed a significant elevation in serum levels of TNF-α,IL-17 and IL-22 compared with the controls (u =2.71,3.53,2.18,respectively,all P ＜ 0.05).No statistical difference was noted in the serum level of IL-17F among the patients at different stages and controls (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The circulating levels of TNF-α,IL-17 and IL-22 were associated with disease activity in PP,hinting that they may be involved in the development of PP.