ObjectiveTo determine the principle and method of surgical management of acute colon obstruction caused by carcinoma in the elder patients. MethodsClinical data of 98 patients with acute colon obstruction caused by carcinoma were analyzed retrospectively. ResultsOf 98 patients undergoing operation,complications occurred in 8 cases,and 3 ( 3.1%)died postoperatively.The other patients were healed. ConclusionsThe management of acute colon obstruction caused by carcinoma in the elder patients depends on the patients,general condition and local condition of the carcinoma.If it is an indication, one-stage resection of the cancer and anastomosis of the colon may be safe and suitable .

Objective To investigate the preventive effect of complete Freund's adjuvant induced thymocyte apoptosis on NOD mice with type 1 diabetes.Methods Forty-two female NOD mice of 3 weeks old were randomly divided into complete Freund's adjuvant group(CFA)and phosphate buffer saline group(PBS)(21 each).Animals of CFA group received injection of 50?l CFA at hind foot-pad,and those in PBS group received 50?l PBS at the same location.Five mice of each group were sacrificed at the 6th and 12th week,respectively,and the remainders of each group were sacrificed at the 30th week for the examination of insular ? cell apoptosis,thymocytes apoptosis,insulitis severity and diabetes incidence.Results Both the insulitis severity score and the ? cell apoptosis declined(P

BACKGROUND: Aquaporin-4 may be one of the candidates for inducing the brain edema in ischemic stroke, however, it still has not been reported whether aquaporin-4 is involved in the formation of brain edema after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).OBJECTIVE: To observe the expression of aquaporin-4 of cerebral tissue in the pathologic course of hemorrhagic cerebral edema in rats, and investigate itsrelationship with the formation of brain edema following ICH.DESIGN: A randomized controlled experimental study.SETTING: Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Research Room of Neurobiology, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out in the Research Room of Neurobiology, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences between April and October 2003. Totally 120 adult healthy male Wistar rats, weighing 250-300 g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Chongqing University of Medical Sciences.METHODS: The experiment had four parts, each part (n=30) was divided into the control group (n=5) and operation group (n=25), and then the latter was subdivided into 6-hour, 1, 3, 5 and 7-day following ICH groups with 5rats in each group. In the operation group, ICH models were established by infusing collagenase into left caudate nucleus of rats unilaterally. The operative process in the control group was the same as that in the operation group except for infusing collagenase. Standards for successful model establishment: the paralytic forelimb flexed under abdomen after withdrawal,and the normal forelimb extended to the ground. ① The expression of aquaporin-4 was detected with immunohistochemistry. ② The expression of aquaporin-4 mRNA was assessed with in situ hybridizution. ③ The expression of aquaporin-4 mRNA was assessed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). ④ The pathological changes of hemorrhagic edema were observed under transmission electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① expression of aquaporin-4 mRNAand protein; ② pathological changes of hemorrhagic edema.RESULTS: The model establishments were all successful in the operation group, and all the rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. ① Comparison of the expression of aquaporin-4 mRNA and protein among the groups. There was no significant change in the control group. As compared with the control group, there was a significant increase of the expressions of aquaporin-4 mRNA and protein in the edematous tissue at 6 hours following ICH, and then reached the peaks at 3 days, and the expression of aquaporin-4 was still significantly higher than that in the control group at one week following ICH (t=12.65, P ＜ 0.01). ② The corresponding sequential pathological changes in the edematous tissue of rats in the operation group: There was a gradual increase of intracellular edema within 1-3 days following ICH, and then the brain edema became aggravated at 3 days, an emergence of vasogenic edema and local edema tissue degeneration and necrosis were observed.CONCLUSION: The increased expression of aquaporin-4 was obviously enhanced following ICH, suggesting that aquaporin-4 may play an important role in the pathological course of hemorrhagic brain edema, and inhibition of aquaporin-4 expression may be an effective pathway to prevent and treat brain edema.

Objective To compare the mutation sites in human immunodefieiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vpr gene via of HIV-1 infected individuals from different regions in China with the previous studies, and to provide information for the further study on the relationship between HIV-1 vpr gene mutations and clinical conditions of the patients. Methods Reverse transcription-polymerasc chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested PCR were used to amplify HIV-1 vpr gene of 398 HIV-1 infected individuals. The amino acid sequences were analyzed to determine polymorphisms, deviation rate and common mutation sites of HIV-1 vpr gene. Meanwhile, the viral load, subsets of lymphocytes and clinical course of patients infected with mutated HIV-1 were analyzed. Results One hundred and fifty three positive samples which were obtained from 398 HIV-1 infected individuals were available for further analysis. The amino acids sequence typing of HIV-1 Vpr were showed that CRF01 AE was 51.63%, subtype C 24.84%, subtype B 17.65%, CRF03_ AB 3.92% and CRF08 BC 1.31%. Eighty four point three percent of 77th amino acid of HIV Vpr sequence was glutamic acid which was significantly different from what overseas researches reported that the R77Q mutation was correlated with long-term non-progression (LTNP) of AIDS. The mutations of the, 63th, 70th, 85th, 86th, 89th and 94th amino acids of HIV Vpr were likely related to the clinical remission of HIV-1 infected individuals. Conclusions M group is the main type of HIV Vpr typing in China, and CRF01 AE is predominant. Some amino acid mutation sites of HIV-1 Vpr are possibly correlated with clinical manifestations of HIV-1 infected individuals.

ObjectiveTo investigate the molecular mechanism of the anti-liver fibrosis effect of curcumol by observing the effect of curcumol on the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells. MethodsA total of 50 mice were randomly divided into blank group, model group, and curcumol group, and cells were divided into blank control group, LPS positive control group, curcumol intervention group, and PDTC group. HE staining and Masson staining were used to observe the change in liver structure; Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR) were used to measure the protein and mRNA expression of the key molecules TLR4 and NF-κB in the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway; immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the expression and nuclear import of NF-κB in cells. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple 　groups, and the least　significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups.　ResultsRT-PCR showed that compared with the positive control group, the curcumol intervention group had significant reductions in the mRNA expression of TLR4 and NF-κB (both P＜0.05). Western blot showed that compared with the positive control group, the curcumol intervention group had significant reductions in the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB (both P＜005). Immunofluorescence assay showed that compared with the positive control group, the curcumol intervention group had significant improvement in NF-κB nuclear import. ConclusionCurcumol can exert an anti-liver fibrosis effect possibly by inhibiting the activity of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Objective To understand the prevalence rate of genital Chlamydia trachomatis among a population with suspected-Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection,the distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis genotypes,assess changes in omp1 sequences among patients with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis coinfections.Methods Four hundred and one swabs were collected.Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae were detected by Roche Amplicor System.DNA were extracted from those samples and were amplified by nested PCR.PCR products were sequencing and analyzed by software Mega4.0.Results The prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection,Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection and coinfection with genital gonorrhoea and genital chlamydia were 82.3%,24.2% and 21.7% each.Eight genotypes were identified in 73 sequences,including E(27.4%),G/Ga(23.3%),D/Da(16.4%),F(13.7%),J (11.0%),H(5.5%),B and K(each 1.4%).Sequencing analysis showed that 3 cases(4.1%) had missense mutation,including genotype D/Da,E,G/Ga.Genotypes F,H,J and K were more variable,however,most of them were silent mutation.Conclusion The prevalence rate of genital Chlamydia trachomatis among a population with Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection was high.The most common genotypes were genotype E,G/Ga,D/Da and F; Sequencing analysis has provided a tool for the molecular epidemiology of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infections.

OBJECTIVETo explore the association of the polymorphism of homologue of dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 (ICAM-3) grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN related, DC-SIGNR) gene with the susceptibility to HIV-1 infection.

METHODSThe distribution of the DC-SIGNR variants in the tandem repeat region and their association with HIV-1 infection in a cohort composed of 345 HIV-1 seropositive and 468 high-risk HIV-1 seronegative individuals was examined.

RESULTSThere are 14 genotypes and 5 alleles in the DC-SIGNR repeat regions in the cohort. Although the most common DC-SIGNR allele among Chinese Han population and the Caucasian population is 7, it was found in a higher frequency in the Chinese than in Caucasians (67.1% vs.46.0%, P<0.01). HIV-1 seropositive individuals had a lower frequency of the genotype 7/7 than the high-risk seronegative individuals (38.55% vs. 48.29%, P=0.0057), but a higher frequency of genotype 9/5 (4.35% vs. 1.07%, P=0.0029).

CONCLUSIONThese results suggest that the tandem-repeat polymorphisms of the DC-SIGNR gene in the Chinese Han population exhibit unique genetic characteristics previously unrecognized in the Caucasian population. Genotype 9/5 seems to be a risk factor for HIV-1 infection in the Chinese population.

Adult ; Alleles ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; HIV Infections ; genetics ; transmission ; virology ; HIV-1 ; Humans ; Lectins, C-Type ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; genetics

Objective To investigate the role of miR-125b on hepatic angiogenesis,with the hope of providing new targets for the prevention and treatment of liver fibrosis.Methods The human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells were transfected with miR-125b mimics and inhibitors,and the mRNA and protein expression of vascular endotheli-al growth factor(VEGF),cluster of differentiation antigens 31(CD31),von Willebrand factor(vWF),collagenⅣ,and laminin(LN)were detected by qRT-PCR and ELISA,and the expression of nitric oxide(NO)was detec-ted by fluorescent probe,scanning electron microscopy detected the alteration of the window holes on the surface of human hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells,angiogenesis assay was performed to observe the neovascularization of each group,and dual luciferase reporter gene assay was performed to validate the targeting relationship between miR-125b and VEGF.Results qRT-PCR and ELISA showed that compared with the negative control group,the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF,CD31,vWF,Collagen Ⅳ,and LN significantly decreased after miR-125b mimic transfection(P＜0.05),while the mRNA and protein expressions of VEGF,CD31,vWF,CollagenⅣ,and LN were significantly increased after transfection with miR-125 b mimics(P＜0.05);fluorescent probe detection showed that compared with the negative control group,the average fluorescence of intensity expression NO decreased significantly(P＜0.05),while the average fluorescence intensity expression of NO increased significant-ly after miR-125b inhibitor transfection(P＜0.05);the number of fenestrations on the surface of human liver sinu-soidal endothelial cells significantly increased after miR-125b mimic transfection(P＜0.05),while the number of fenestrations on the surface of human liver sinusoidal endothelial cells decreased significantly after miR-125 b inhibi-tor transfection(P＜0.05);angiogenesis assay showed that compared with the negative control group,the number of angiogenesis significantly decreased after miR-125b mimic transfection(P＜0.05),while the number of angio-genesis significantly increased after miR-125b inhibitor transfection(P＜0.05);dual luciferase reporter gene assay showed that compared with negative control group,the expression of relative fluorescence intensity after transfection of miR-125b mimics in VEGF wild-typ significantly decreased(P＜0.05),while the expression of relative fluores-cence intensity after transfection of miR-125b mimics in VEGF mutant significantly decreased(P＞0.05).Con-clusion miR-125b can inhibit liver angiogenesis and thus play an anti-fibrosis role,which can provide a new ref-erence for the prevention and treatment of chronic liver disease and the development of new drugs.

BACKGROUND:In recent years,the development of liver organoids has made it a hot spot in the field of international liver disease research,but there is still no article on the bibliometric analysis of liver organoids. OBJECTIVE:To explore the hot trends in liver organoids in the last 20 years based on bibliometrics and visualization analysis. METHODS:We searched the articles about liver organoids in the Web of Science Core Collection from January 1,2002 to November 12,2022.Origin,Office,and CiteSpace software were used for bibliometrics and visualization analysis.We statistically analyzed the number of annually published articles,countries,institutions,authors,journals,and keywords of the articles by generating charts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of articles,citation frequency,institutions and personnel involved in the research about liver organoids showed an overall upward trend in the last 20 years,indicating that the field was growing rapidly and attention was increasing.The USA had published the most papers and had the strongest influence in this field.Although it had invested a lot of time and energy,the number of papers published by a single research institution in the USA was not the highest among many research institutions.China was second only to the USA in the number of publications,with the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Fudan University leading the list.Utrecht University in the Netherlands was the institution with the most publications.Clevers H was the author with the highest number of articles.The article with the highest co-citation frequency was"Long-term culture of genome-stable bipotent stem cells from adult human liver".The main fields of study for liver organoids were Molecular Science,Biology,and Immunology.The most frequently occurring keywords were stem cell,in vitro,and culture.The research hotspots in the liver organoids field were mainly focused on in vitro stem cell three-dimensional culture,differentiation and gene expression.

Sexual orientation is influenced by both environmental factors and biological factors. Family and twin studies have shown that genetic factors play an important role in the formation of male homosexuality. Genome-wide scan also revealed candidate chromosomal regions which may be associated with male homosexuality, but so far no clearly related genes have been found. This article reviews the progress of relevant studies and candidate genes which are related to male homosexuality.
Animals ; Aromatase ; genetics ; Catechol O-Methyltransferase ; genetics ; Homosexuality, Male ; genetics ; Humans ; LIM-Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; Male ; Receptors, Dopamine D1 ; genetics ; Transcription Factors ; genetics