Objective To study the value of CT virtual endoscopy(CTVE) and multiplanar reconstruction(MPR) in the diagnosis of small intestinal diseases.Methods The small intestines in 13 cases with small intestinal lesions were filled with enough air by means of gastro-duodenal tube,after CT volume scans of the small intestine with multi-detector row CT scanner,VE and MPR were reconstructed and analyzed retrospectively.Results 91%(10/11) of the space-occupying lesions of small intestine were found by VE,among them,100%(8/8) of tumors inside the lumen and 66.7%(2/3) of tumors outside the lumen were diagnosed.82%(9/11) of the space-occupying lesions of small intestine were found by MPR.100%(11/11) of the space-occupying lesions of small intestine were found by VE combined with MPR.2 cases with small intestinal inflammatory lesions were also well showed by CTVE and MPR.Conclusion CTVE and MPR are of significant clinical applied value in diagnosing the small intestinal diseases.

OBJECTIVETo analyze clinical information and efficacy of 602 cases of nevus of Ota, and investigate the histopathology and ultrastructure on the melanocytes before and after Q-switched Alexandrite laser irradiation.

METHODSClinical information of 602 cases of nevus of Ota were collected by applying clinical records, checking photos, and inquiry to patients by letters and telephones. Ten cases of biopsies were observed by light microscopy and 6 cases by electron microscopy before and after laser irradiation.

RESULTSNevus of Ota included congenital and acquired cases. Skin lesions mainly occurred in adolescence for the acquired cases. The main colours of lesions were brown and blue. The most local lesions were zygomata, temporal regions, and lower eyelids. According to multiple regression, the more treatment times, the better results. The effective rate was 85.20% and 100% after 6 and 9 treatment times, respectively, while the cure rate was 55.72% and 98.46%, respectively. The eyelids involved and Tanino types influenced the treatment times by COX models analysis. Electron microscopy showed many melanosomes in the dermal melanocytes. After laser irradiation, the outlines of the dermal melanocytes were observed, the melanosomes were broken to dense and tiny granules.

CONCLUSIONSQ-switched Alexandrite laser is safe and effective for the treatment of nevus of Ota. The results of treatment are correlated with the area and size of the lesion. The dermal melanocytes in nevus of Ota can be selectively destroyed by Q-switched Alexandrite laser with less injury around tissues.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Laser Therapy ; Male ; Melanocytes ; ultrastructure ; Melanosomes ; radiation effects ; ultrastructure ; Nevus of Ota ; radiotherapy ; ultrastructure ; Skin ; ultrastructure ; Skin Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; ultrastructure

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of the 308 nm excimer laser for the treatment of vitiligo.

METHODSWe treated 170 patients with stable vitiligo by using the 308 nm excimer laser. The lesions of vitiligo were treated one to two times per week for 10-30 times. Efficacies were evaluated every 7 days and 3 days after the treatments were completed. Patients were followed up for two months.

RESULTSThe rates of "remarkably improved" and "cured" were 67.97% and 32.03% in faces, 54.55% and 27.27% in necks, 63.26% and 26.53% in trunks, 38.84% and 15.70% in limbs, and 0 and 0 in hands and feet. The areas of faces had a better response than those of necks, trunks, or limbs (P < 0.01), and the areas of trunks or limbs had better response than that of hands and feet (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe 308 nm excimer laser is safe and effective in treating stable vitiligo and the efficacy varies in different lesion sites.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lasers, Excimer ; therapeutic use ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Risk Assessment ; Treatment Outcome ; Vitiligo ; radiotherapy ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of 585 nm flashlamp-pumped pulsed dye lasers (PDL) in the treatment of port-wine stains (PWS).

METHODSA retrospective review was performed in 2 317 patients with PWS who visited the Dermatology Laser Centre of PUMC Hospital and accepted treatment with 585 nm PDL. The correlation between the treatment efficacy and the treatment sessions, lesion types, and usage of other therapies were analyzed. The adverse effects were also observed.

RESULTSAll the 2 317 patients with PWS received 1-13 consecutive treatments with PDL at 2-3-month intervals. The median number of treatment was 4.93 and the median energy density was 8.29 J/cm2. The response rate after 8 treatments sessions were 84%. The response rate in patients whose lesions are characterized as purple plaques with proliferation and treated with isotope, CO2, cryotherapy, and other treatments was significantly lower than the total response rate (P < 0.05). Superficial scar, hyperpigmentation, and hypopigmentation were found in 5.2%, 2.5%, and 4.0% of these patients, respectively.

CONCLUSION585 nm PDL is effective and safe in treating PWS.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Port-Wine Stain ; radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Q-switched Alexandrite laser in the treatment of pigmentary skin, diseases ( PSDs).

METHODSTotally 4 656 patients with PSDs were treated with Q-switched Alexandrite laser. These PDSs included nevus of Ota, seborrheic keratosis, tattoo, naevus fusco-caeruleus zygomaticus, cafe-au-lait-spots, lentigo, naevus of Ito, and spilus naevus. The outcomes and adverse events after treatment were oberserved.

RESULTSThe response rate was 92.31% and the cure rate was 55.39% for nevus of Ota after six times of treatment, and the cure rate was 100% after nine times of treatment. The response rate was 100% for freckles, seborrheic keratosis, and naevus fuscocaeruleus zygomaticus after four times of treatment. The response rate was more than 77.18% and the cure rate was more than 50% for tattoos after three times of treatment, including amateur tattoo, artificial eyebrow, eyelid lines, and traumatic tattoo. However, after four times of treatment, the response rate and the cure rate were only 50. 00% and 21.43% for cafe-au-lait spots, and 50.00% and 25.00% for spilus naevus, respectively. The response rate was 35.29% for lentigo and 25.00% for naevus of Ito/ spilus naevus after four times of treatment.

CONCLUSIONQ-switched Alexandrite laser is effective in the treatment of nevus of Ota, seborrheic keratosis, tattoo, and naevus fusco-caeruleus zygomaticus, but has limited efficacy for cafe-au-lait-spots, lentigo, naevus of Ito, and spilus naevus.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pigmentation Disorders ; radiotherapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Abstract：Objective To optimize the production process of inactivated vaccine of Aeromonas veronii（AV）CA07 strain. Methods The fermentation culture process of AV CA07 strain liquid was determined through the optimization of the culture time（2～16 h），medium（optimized fermentation medium，LB medium and NB medium）and fermentation conditions（in⁃ oculation amount of 1%，5%，10% and 15%；ventilation rate of 2，4，6 and 8 L／min and fermentation time of 6，8，10 and 12 h）. The optimal inactivation process was determined through the comparison of the final concentration of formalde⁃ hyde solution（0. 10%，0. 20%，0. 30% and 0. 40%），inactivation temperature（28 and 37 ℃）and inactivation time（24， 48 and 72 h）. The large⁃scale production process of inactivated vaccine of AV CA07 strain in 500 L fermentor was estab⁃ lished and the prepared vaccines were tested for safety and immunogenicity. Results The optimal inoculation amount of AV CA07 strain was 5%，ventilation rate was 4 L／min and culture time was 10 ~ 12 h. The optimal inactivation condition was adding formaldehyde solution with final concentration of 0. 30% incubating at 37 ℃ for 24 h. The number of viable bacteria in the fermentation broth of AV CA07 strain prepared in 500 L fermentor was more than 8 × 109 CFU／mL. All crucian carps immunized with the inactivated vaccine by abdomen survived. After challenge，the relative immune protection rate was more than 90%. Conclusion AV CA07 strain inactivated vaccine prepared by optimized production process showed good safety and immunogenicity.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of long-pulsed Alexandrite laser for hair removal.

METHODSHair removal was performed in 1702 hirsute patients with long-pulsed Alexandrite laser. Among them 1603 patients received two or more operations.

RESULTSIn patients who received 2, 3, 4, 5, and > or =6 operations, the effectiveness rates were 9.79%, 18.33%, 29.10%, 37.64%, and 82.68%, respectively. The number of operation correlated with the effectiveness, and > or =6 operations resulted in superior outcomes. Pigmentation occurred in 0.94% of the patients (16/1702).

CONCLUSIONThe long-pulsed Alexandrite laser system is effective and safe in removing hair.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Hair Removal ; methods ; Hirsutism ; radiotherapy ; Humans ; Low-Level Light Therapy ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Armillaria gallica is a symbiotic fungus in the cultivation process of Gastrodia elata and Polyporus.The rhizomorph of A. gallica invades the stalk of the G. elata or the Sclerotium of the Polyporus,and is digested and utilized by the latter,becoming their important source of nutrition. Different nature of A. gallica affects the growth of G. elata and Polyporus. The authors collected A. gallica from 13 commercially available regions and screened two A. gallica,A and B,at the genetic and metabolic levels,in order to distinguish between the two A. gallica market. We have established convenient and effective DNA molecular identification method.By comparing the sequence differences between the A. gallica type A and type B invertase genes,PCR-RFLP primers were designed based on differential fragment. Primer ZTM.F/ZTM.R can amplified A. gallica type A and B,producing a band of about 304 bp in length. The restriction endonuclease EcoR V could recognize the difference sequence of A and B types of A. gallica. The type B was digested to form two fragments,thereby specifically identifying the A. gallica as type B. The established methods of PCR-RFLP is an accurate identification method for A. gallica. Therefore,in the cultivation process of G. elata and Polyporus,suitable strains can be selected according to different needs of variety,growth stage and ecological environment,and the yield and quality can be improved according to local conditions.
Armillaria ; classification ; Gastrodia ; microbiology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Polyporus