CT scans of 180 cases of supratentorial infarction (including ischemic, lacunar and hemor-rhagic infarcts) were retrospectively analyzed. And other 12 cases were prospectively studied. On plain CT scans, the feature of isodensity of the cortex in some(18.4%) of ischemic infarction is called by the authors the "cortical sparing", and proved to be a constant phenomenon during the evolution of the infarcts. The mechanism and importance of the cortical sparing is discussed. Fogging effect was also discovered during the fourth week of infarctions. The first week after attacks could be one of the peak periods when the infarcts hemorrhaged. In view of the fact that hemorrhagic infarctions most frequently occured in cerebral embolism and some cases had not apparent changes of clinical manifestations when they hemorrhaged, the authors put forward that it is important to give the patients a timely CT reexamination.The general CT manifestations of cerebral infarction were also analyzed and discussed

Objective:To investigate MRI characteristics of normal rhesus uterus.Methods:Sixteen female rhesus were inspected in their breeding season and non-breeding season using MRI,in order to observe the shape and the MR signal characteristics of their uteri and to measure the size of the uteri;and the size of uteri was measured in 3 animals after laparotomy procedures in breeding season and non-breeding season,respectively.Results:On MRI,the shape of the uterus was elliptic in axial view and dumbbell shape in sagittal view in different season (breeding season and non-breeding season).The signal-intensity of the uterine body was similar to the pelvic muscle in T 1WI.In T 2WI, the signal-intensity of the uterine body muscle layer was higher than the uterine neck, and 2～3 different signal-intensity strips were observed in uterine body.On enhanced MRI,uterine cavity showed slightly low-signal-intensity,and uterine muscle layer and inner membrane showed homogeneous enhancement.The average size of the uteri was 4.9cm?2.6cm?1.9cm in breeding season, and 3.0cm?1.76cm?1.32cm in non-breeding season.There were significant differences between the average diameters and average sizes of the uteri in breeding season and that in non-breeding season ( P 0.05).Conclusion:MRI could clearly display the shape and size and signal-intensity characteristics of the uterus, so it is an appropriate approach to guide and follow up HIFU (high intensity focused ultrasound) study.

China ; Forecasting ; Gaucher Disease ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Rare Diseases

Postgraduate education is the highest leveled education in the national education hierarchy and bears the historic task of providing top-notch innovative personnel for the country and conducting independent innovation. At present,the medical degree is divided into two types: clinical scientific degree and clinical professional degree. Clinical scientific degree is different from clinical professional degree due to its importance and peculiarities. Therefore,education for postgraduates with clinical scientific degree faces many problems in enrollment,research and clinical capacity develop-ment and evaluation system. Through reforming enrollment plan,strengthening capacity building and establishing sound clinical education evaluation system can further improve training quality for post-graduates with clinical scientific degree.

Professional post means the personal capability certified by nation. Professional post has the function of choosing approriate person and helping to reform salary distribution system,and has beome an important lever to arouse the working enthusiasm of staffs.This article introduces the experience of using professional post to improve clinlical teaching work in the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing Medical University.

Based on the practical situations of higher medical education in china,the author discussesd the bottleneck problems in the development of medical bilingual teaching and proposed some measures to overcome these difficulties on the teaching objective,teaching staffs,textbooks,students' quality and evaluation mechanism of teaching quality.

BACKGROUND: MRI is a gold standard for imaging diagnosis of knee joint disease, but it cannot accurately quantitate effusion of knee.OBJECTIVE: To investigate different volume of contrast-medium in the cavity of knee with MRI scanning to provide objective evidence and quantitaive standard for clinical diagnosis of effusion in the cavity of knee.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Quantitative observation was performed in the MRI Room, the First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College from October to December 2008.MATERIALS: Ten samples of fresh normal adult knee joint.METHODS: Puncture with the needle retaining in the cavity of knee of normal adult corpse without effusion or pneumatosis was performed, and 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40 mL contrast-medium was injected into the cavity. Coronal section, vertical plane and transect were scanned with T2WI, 4 mm thickness and 1 mm interval by MRI.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The distribution of different amounts of contrast agent in the knee cavity and peripheral synovial bursa in knee coronal plane and sagittal cross-sections.RESULTS:?MRI scanning from coronal section: after 10 mL contrast-medium injection, in the center of medial knee joint, high visual signal was seen in the cavity of joint; after 15 mL contrast-medium injection, scanning between femora and patella, high visual signals were observed; after 20 mL contrast-medium injection, scanning by posterior internal and external condyle of knee, high visual signals were found in 80% of internal and external recess of posterosuperior of thighbone.?MRI scaning at 1.5 cm from internal vertical plane of middle knee: after 5 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal area appeared in intercondylar eminence, narrowing gradually, and 70% of posterosuperior internal condyle of tibia; after 10 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signals appeared at the 1/3 point under suprapatellar bursa; after 15 and 20 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal appeared in 80% of 1/3 point of suprapatellar bursa; after 30 and 40 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal was seen both internal and external recess of posterosuperior knee.?MRI scanning from inframarginal Apex of patella of knee transect: after 5 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal appeared in 90% area at 1/3 point posterior articular cavity; after more than 10 mL contrast-medium injection, high visual signal was seen in 70% area of anterior thighbone facet. CONCLUSION: By injecting different volumes of contrast-medium into the knee cavity and peripheral synovial bursa, reference standard can be constructed according to different volumes of effusion, which is significant for diagnosis of effusion of knee cavity and peripheral synovial bursa with MRI.

Objective To investigate the value of quantitative analysis of spectrum CT in the differential diagnosis of lung cancer and tuberculosis in unenhanced phase.Methods Data of 51 patients with solitary pulmonary nodules or masses confirmed by pathology who underwent chest unenhanced spectrum CT were retrospectively analyzed.There were 36 cases of peripheral lung cancer (lung cancer group) and 15 cases of tuberculosis (tuberculosis group).The differences of 40～ 140 keV single energy CT value,shape and slope of energy spectrum attenuation curve,different base material of concentration values and effective atomic number (Eff-Z) between the two groups were compared.Results The single energy CT values of 40～70 keV in lung cancer group were higher than those in tuberculosis group (all P＜0.05),while no significant difference of the single energy CT values of 80～140 keV were found in both two groups (all P＞0.05).The shape of energy spectrum attenuation curve of lung cancer group was fast express reduction (36/36,100％).The energy spectrum attenuation curve of tuberculosis group showed walked straightly (11/15,73.33％) and back up type (4/15,26.67％).The slope of the energy spectrum attenuation curve in lung cancer group (K40～ 65 key,K65～90 kev,K90～140 kev)were higher than those in tuberculosis group (all P＜0.01).The calcium (water) concentration of lung cancer group was higher than that of tuberculosis group (P＜0.01),while the lipid (water) concentration of lung cancer group was lower than that of tuberculosis group (P＜0.01).The water (calcium) concentration in both groups was not statistically different (P=0.10).The Eff-Z of lung cancer group was higher than that of the tuberculosis group (P＜0.01).Conclusion The peripheral lung cancer and the tuberculosis have different energy spectrum CT quantitative parameters in unenhanced phase,which can provide valuable informations for diagnosis.

Objective To assess the additional diagnostic value of mesenteric CT angiography (MCTA) for localization of intestinal diseases detected by 64-slice helical CT. Methods Pretreatment abdominal CT data from 60 cases of intestinal diseases confirmed surgically and pathologically were analyzed retrospectively. Two radiologists blindly evaluated the images in group A (including axial and multi-plane reconstructive images) and group B (including images in group A and CT angiography). Both the localization and qualitation of intestinal diseases were evaluated by comparison of the surgical and pathological findings. Results The accuracy of localization of intestinal diseases in groups A and B was 83.3% and 98.3%, respectively. Conclusion Mesenteric CT angiography can obviously increase the accuracy in localization of intestinal diseases.

90 without intestinal canal whirl sign was used as the diagnostic standard for whirl sign.Two experienced physicians evaluated the mesenteric vessel whirl sign and its morphological characteristics(including its site,rotation direction,rotation angle,distance between the start and end points of rotating vessels,and rotation radius) and associated signs.The difference in characteristics of whirl sign was compared between volvulus and non-volvulus patients.Results Mesenteric vessel whirl sign was found in 72 out of the 626 patients,including 64(10.4% ) in volvulus group and 8(88.9% ) in non-volvulus group.Mesenteric vessel whirl sign was complicated by intestinal canal whirl sign in 8 volvulus patients,complicated by superior mesenteric artery stricture in 6 volvulus patients.Mesenteric vessel whirl sign complicated by intestinal canal whirl sign was observed in only 2 non-volvulus patients with no superior mesenteric artery stricture.A difference in rotation angle and the start and end points of rotating vessels was found between the two groups(P