Objective To explore the activity of daily living in patients with schizophrenia and its related factors. Methods 200 patientswith schizophrenia were investigated with the questionnaire about general condition, the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)and Activity of Daily Living Scale (ADL) when hospitalized. The relationship between the scores of ADL and sexuality, age, education level,marital status, profession before the disease attacking, household, disease type, course of the disease, frequency of attacking and hospitalizationor scores of PANSS was analyzed. Results The score of ADL was significantly above the normal level (t=32.206, P=0.000) in theschizophrenics. The score of ADL was not significantly different among the patients in different gender, education level, marital status, profession,household and the frequency of hospitalization (P>0.05), but was significantly different among the ages (F=3.851, P=0.023) and diseasetype (F=19.793, P=0.000). The score of ADL positively correlated with the course of the disease (r=0.161, P=0.023), frequency of attacking(r=0.396, P=0.000) and the difference value between the numbers of attacking and hospitalization (r=0.425, P=0.000), so as the totaland each factors scores of PANSS (P=0.000), but did not correlated with frequency of hospitalization (r= 0.097, P=0.174). By multiple regressionanalysis, only 3 factors score of PANSS, the frequency of attacking and the difference value between the numbers of attacking andhospitalization entered into the regression equation (F=53.630, P=0.000). Conclusion The patients with schizophrenia generally fall in activityof daily living. The more serious the disease, the more frequent the attacking and the more the difference value between the numbers ofattacking and hospitalization, the poorer the activity of daily living was.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of olanzapine combined with ziprasidone in the treatment of refrac-tory schizophrenia in elderly patients. METHODS:120 elderly patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into control group and study group. Control group was orally treated with Olanzapine tablet 10-20 mg,once a day;study group was orally treat-ed with Ziprasidone hydrochloride capsule 80-120 mg,twice a day+Olanzapine tablet(the usage was the same as control group). The clinical efficacy in 2 groups was evaluated after 2 weeks,PANSS score,FPG,2 h PG,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,body weight, BMI before and after treatment and incidence of adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:There were no significant difference in the total efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the PANSS scores at different time point in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and 12 weeks<8 weeks<4 weeks<2 weeks,the differences were sta-tistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference between 2 groups(P>0.05). There were not signifi-cant differences in the indexes of blood glucose and lipid,body mass and BMI in study group before and after treatment (P>0.05);after treatment,the blood glucose after 8 and 12 weeks and LDL-C,TG,TC,body mass and BMI after 4,8 and 12 weeks in control group were significantly higher than before and study group same time,the HDL-C was significantly lower than before and research group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy and safety of both olan-zapine combined with ziprasidone and olanzapine alone in the treatment of refractory schizophrenia in elderly patients is similar, however,it is better than olanzapine alone in terms of controlling blood glucose and lipid.

Objective:To compare the pharmacoeconomics value of domestic olanzapine with imported olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia to provide reference for the rational drug use in clinics. Methods:Two hundred patients with schizophrenia were ran-domly divided into group A ( treated with domestic olanzapine ) and group B ( treated with imported olanzapine ) with 100 cases in each. The treatment course was 8 weeks. The patient’ s condition, adverse reactions, social function, quality of life and daily activity in the two groups were evaluated. Meanwhile, cost-efficacy analysis was performed. Results:The scores of PANSS, SDSS, SQLS and ADL after the treatment were all significantly lower than those before the treatment in both groups (P<0. 01). However, there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0. 05). In the 2nd and 4th weekend after the treatment, the scores of TESS in group A were all significantly higher than those in group B (P<0. 01). The effectiveness of the two groups was similar. The cost in group A was significantly lower than that in group B(P<0. 01). The efficacy-cost ratio in group A was higher than that in group B(P<0. 01). Conclusion:The domestic olanzapine is as effective and safe as imported olanzapine in the treatment of schizophrenia with lower treat-ment cost. Therefore, the pharmacoeconomics value of domestic olanzapine is much better.

Objective To compare the influence of different admission modes on quality of life of patients with chronic schizophrenia.Methods 200 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to discontinuous group and continuous group with 100 cases in each group. All patients were treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. A discontinuous hospitalization combined with home treatment was given to the discontinuous group and a continuous hospitalization to the continuous group for 1 year. The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) and the Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were respectively used to evaluate the patient's condition and quality of life before and after the intervention. Results The intervention methods on scores of PANSS and SQLS in both groups had a change trend with time. The scores of PANSS and SQLS were significantly lower in the end of 6 months and 1 year after intervention than before in both groups (F=2119.513, 390.981, P=0.000). There was a interaction effect between intervention method and time in both groups on the scores of PANSS and SQLS (F=17.660, 11.709, P=0.000). There was significant difference between 2 groups on the score of PANSS (F=19.673,P=0.000). The decrease range of those scores was greater in the discontinuous group than in the continuous group (P=0.000). Conclusion A discontinuous hospitalization combined with home treatment is more beneficial than a continuous hospitalization for the patients with chronic schizophrenia in controlling the syndrome and improving or keeping the quality of life.

Objective To analyze the cost-effectiveness of the rehabilitation of intermittent hospitalization combined with home treatmenton chronic schizophrenics. Methods 100 patients with chronic schizophrenia were randomly assigned to study group and controlgroup, 50 cases in each group. All patients in both groups were treated with atypical antipsychotic drugs. An intermittent hospitalization combinedwith home treatment was given to the study group and a continuous hospitalization to the control group for a year. Positive and NegativeSyndrome Scale (PANSS), Activities of Daily Living Scale (ADL) and Schizophrenia Quality of Life Scale (SQLS) were used to evaluatethe patient's condition and activity of daily living and quality of life before and after the intervention. In the meantime, a cost-effectivenessanalysis was made. Results The interventions had significant influence on the scores of PANSS, ADL and SQLS in both groups. Thescores of PANSS, ADL and SQLS were significantly lower 1 year after the intervention than before in both groups (FB= 540.577, 318.148,326.751, all P=0.000). There was a significant interaction effect between intervention method and time in both groups on the scores ofPANSS, ADL and SQLS (FAB=13.710, 10.918, 6.578, P=0.000, 0.001, 0.012). The decrease value of those scores was significantly greater inthe study group than in the control group (t=3.703, 3.304, 2.565, P=0.000, 0.001, 0.012). The ratio of cost-effectiveness was larger in thestudy group than in the control group (t=7.035, P=0.000). Conclusion Intermittent hospitalization combined with home treatment is morebeneficial for the patients with chronic schizophrenia in controlling the syndrome, keeping or improving the activity of daily living and thequality of life. Therefore its rehabilitation benefit is better than that of continuous hospitalization.

Objective To explore the depression and its related factors of the patients with craniocerebral injury during rehabilitation.Methods 111 patients with craniocerebral injury were investigated with the questionnaire about general condition. They were assessed withHamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD). The relationship between the general condition and the score of HAMD were analyzed. ResultsThere were 27 cases (24.32%) with score of HAMD≤7, 31 cases (27.93%) with the score from 8 to 17 and 53 cases (47.75%) with thescore≥18. The score of HAMD was significantly related to the patients' age, education, profession, economy status, economic compensationand the cause of injury (P<0.05). However, it was not related to the sexuality, marital status, registered residence, level of the injury, thecourse of disease and the coma time (P>0.05). Only economy state (x₁), education (x₂) and economic compensation (x₃) entered into the regressionequation by multiple regression analysis: y=22.782-6.879x₁+2.357x₂+3.54x₃ (F=75.609, P=0.000). Conclusion Patients with craniocerebralinjury generally depress during rehabilitation. The patients with a worse economy state, a higher education and no economic compensationappear more serious depression.