3-phosphoinositide dependent kinase-1 (PDK1) has been shown to be a critical regulator of the PI3K-Akt pathway.PDK1 can activate Akt and participates in the activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway to promote tumor development,invasion and metastasis.At present,it has been found that PDK1 is highly expressed in head and neck cancer,multiple myeloma,pancreatic cancer,esophageal cancer,colon cancer and other malignant tumors.Thereby inhibiting PDK1 overexpression may provide a new breakthrough for the treatment of malignant tumor.At present,many kinds of PDK1 inhibitors have been put into production,which plays an important role in tumor therapy.

Status epilepticus (SE) is one of the common medical emergencies of the pediatric age group.It may lead to serious and even irreversible neurological abnormalities,even death,if not diagnosis and treatment properly.To recognise etiology,rise factors,seizure type,treatment,outcome and the correlation between each other of children with status epilepticus are significant for management.This paper aimed to review recent epidemiological studies on children with status epilepticus,in order to provide evidences for the current clinical practice and further research.

ObjectivesTo investigate the effect of thyroid hormone on the expression of deiodinase and myelin basic protein in brain tissue of neonatal rats with germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (GM-IVH), and its nerve protective effect.Methods Sixty premature rabbits of gestational age 29 days were randomly divided into control, model and intervention groups. The prema-ture rabbits in model and intervention groups were given intraperitoneal injection of 50% glycerol to establish GM-IVH animal model and the premature rabbits in control group were given the same dose of saline. The GM-IVH was screened by cranial ultrasound. The premature rabbits with GM-IVH in intervention group were given intraperitoneal injection of triiodothyronine and the other two groups were given the same dose of saline. At 3 days, 7 days and 14 days after birth, the premature rabbits were killed and the brain tissue were quickly separated. The expression of type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase (D2) and type 3 iodothyronine deiodinase (D3) of periventricular zone tissue were detected by western blot method. The expression of myelin basic protein (MBP) were detected by immunohistochem-ical method.ResultsThe expression of D2 in brain tissue increased gradually in three groups. At the same time point, the expression of D2 was the lowest in the model group, the highest in the control group, and the middle in the intervention group. The differences of D2 among three groups were statistically signiifcant (allP<0.001). The expression of D3 increased gradually in the control and model groups, while it was the highest in the intervention group at day 7. At the same time point, the expression of D3 in the control group was the lowest, it was higher in intervention group than that in the model group at 3 days, then it was higher in the model group than that in the intervention group. The differences of D3 among three groups were statistically signiifcant (allP<0.001). The expression of MBP increased gradually in the control and intervention groups, and it decreased gradually in the model group. At the same time point, the MBP was the lowest in the model group, it was the highest in the control group, and it was the middle in the intervention group. The differences of MBP among three groups were statistically signiifcant (P<0.001).ConclusionsThe expressions of D2 and MBP in the brain tissues of premature rabbit with the GM-IVH increased while the expression of D3 decreased in some extent after thyroxine intervention.

Objective To study the correlation of personality characteristics and plasma cortisol levels in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder.Methods According to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-Ⅳ), 38 patients with generalized anxiety disorder and 39 normal controls were assessed with Hamilton anxiety scale (HAMA) , generalized anxiety disorder scale (GAD-7) , penn state worry questionnaire (PSWQ) , symptom checklist-90(SCL-90) and eysenck personality questionnaire (EPQ).Electrochemiluminescence was used to test plasma cortisol concentration.Results The EPQ-N score in the patients was significantly higher than that in normal controls(t=14.307, P＜0.01).Furthermore,N score in the patients showed a significantly positive correlation with HAMA total score, SCL-90 total score, somatization score, interpersonal sensitivity score, depression score and anxiety score (r=0.492-0.977, P＜0.01).Plasma cortisol levels in patients with generalized anxiety disorder((668.50±60.22) nmol/L) were significantly higher than those ((345.35±58.91) nmol/L) in normal controls (t=23.802, P＜0.01).Plasma cortisol concentrations displayed a significantly positive correlation with N score, GAD-7, PSWQ, HAMA total score, SCL-90 total score, somatization score, interpersonal sensitivity score, depression score, and anxiety score (r =0.501-0.995, P＜ 0.01).Conclusion Plasma cortisol levels in the patients with generalized anxiety disorder are higher than those in normal controls.Plasma cortisol levels are related to the mental health.Patients with generalized anxiety disorder tend to be neuroticism.

English translation of three-character pathogenesis TCM terms was investigated in this paper from the perspective of accuracy and systematization,two main principles of terminology translation. The terms were classified into five categories according to the three-character syntactic structure, i.e. attributive-modifier structure, adverbial-modifier structure, subject-predicate structure, subject-predicate-object structure and verb-object structure. Further study was conducted to investigate the English translation of attributive-modifier structure terms by comparing four prominent national and international standards of TCM terminologies.

Objective Random allocation concealment is important in ensuring high-guality randomized controlled clinical trial.In this paper , we aimed to design a more convenient and effective two couplet random allocation method through improving the random allocation concealment technology which uses the envelope method . Methods According to the randomized sequence , a two-couplet random allocation should be prepared for every subject and bound into a book in order , which named random assignment book with cover and instructions .The first couplet is to collect the enroll information and the second couplet is to show the allocation informa -tion.The serial numbers of the two couplets which around sealant are the same , and leave blank at the same areas of the two couplets for signing the enter information .The content of the first couplet can be completely copied to the second couplet .In order to avoid expo-sing the allocation information in advance , the back of the second couplet should be black-printed. When the subjects are sure qualified, the researchers selected the corresponding two couplet in a sequential order .Exposing the allocation infromation in the second couplet, and the subjects will be allocated to the group designated on the second couplet .This random allocation book should be entrusted to professional printing mechanism ,printing according to the random assignment sequence table and in the strict quality control .For the multicenter clinical trials , it can be printed in parts . Results The method has been implemented in nearly ten randomized controlled trials and obtained the consistent high praise . Conclusion The random allocation book method is easy to produce , simple operation and convenient in monitoring , which can effectively achieve the random allocation concealment in a clinical trial as well as having a sig -nificantly practical value in ensuring the quality of randomization .

Objective To evaluate feasibility and reliability of using Simplified Acute Physiology Score Ⅱ (SAPS Ⅱ)in predicting mortality in critically ill patients with neurological diseases.Methods All 653 patients hospitalized in neurological intensive care unit (N-ICU) from Jan 2005 to Dec 2007 were retrospectively studied.SAPSⅡ scores were scaled upon admission at 24,48 and 72 h,and possibility of hospital mortality (PHM) was calculated based on SAPS Ⅱ score.Neurological diseases diagnosis made initially at time of hospitalization was classified into five categories:intracranial hemorrhage,cerebral infarction,neurologic infection,neuromuscular diseases and other neurologic diseases.At each of four time points,the SAPSⅡscores were compared between the survival group and death group,and the relationship of SAPS Ⅱ score and prognosis were analyzed.The calibration of the SAPS Ⅱ were accessed with the Hosmer-Lemeshow goodness-of-fit chi-squared statistic and the discrimination with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC).Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between disease category and prognosis.Results SAPS Ⅱ scores in the death group (46.53±12.22,47.28±13.84,48.58±14.18 and 49.06±14.61)at each time point were significantly higher than those in the survival group (34.70±11.78,30.28±12.24,29.79±12.36 and 29.69±12.96;t=11.12,14.02,14.43 and 13.49 at 0,24,48 and 72 h,respectively,P＜0.01).Furthermore,univariate logistic regression analyses demonstrated that SAPS Ⅱ score was correlated with prognosis (OR=1.080,1.100,1.109,1.100 at 0,24,48 and 72 h,respectively,P＜0.01).The scores at 48 and 72 h were more accurate in predicting mortality.SAPS Ⅱ had good calibration at each time points (x2=5.305,7.557,6.369 and 8.540,P＞0.05),however,the consistency of expected mortality with observed mortality was satisfactory only at 48 and 72 h(82.6%,83.4%),so was the discrimination ( AUROC=0.825,0.847 respectively).There was no correlation between disease categories and outcome.Conclusion SAPS Ⅱ scoring,best evaluated at 48 and 72 h after hospitalization,can be used as a reliable predictor of probability of mortality in patients hospitalized in N-ICU and prediction can be applied in these patients with all different neurology diseases.

Objective To investigate the accuracy of serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE)predicting malignant middle cerebral artery infarction(mMCAI).Methods A total of 40 patients with acute massive cerebral infarction within 24 hours after symptom onset were recruited.Blood samples were collected at 24,36 and 48 hours after symptom onset.Serum NSE concentration was determined by automatic electrochemiluminescence analyzer.mMCAI was defined as hernia signs in clinical practice,and CT/ MRI showed mass effect.The receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the accuracy of serum NSE concentration in predicting mMCAI at 3 time points.Results Sixteen patients(40%)developed mMCAI.The serum NSE concentration for predicting the accuracy of mMCAI was poor at 24 hours after symptom onset;the serum NSE concentration for predicting the specificity of mMCAI was high (96%)at 36 hours after symptom onset,but the sensitivity was lower(69%);the serum NSE concentration for predicting the specificity(92%)and sensitivity(88%)of mMCAI were high at 48 hours.Conclusions The serum NSE conoentration and its dynamic changes may predict the occurrence of mMCAI,and the predicting time points are appropriate from 36-48 hours after symptom onset.

Objective:To investigate reflectance confocal microscopic features of childhood scabies, and to analyze clinical significance of reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood scabies.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed in 77 children with confirmed scabies at Department of Dermatology, Tianjin Children′s Hospital from April 2018 to October 2019. These patients were divided into negative treatment history group (61 cases) and positive treatment history group (16 cases) . All the patients underwent RCM and microscopic examination of skin scrapings.Results:Among the 77 children with scabies, positive microscopic examination results were found in 33 (42.86%) , including 28 in the negative treatment history group and 5 in the positive treatment history group. Burrows, sarcoptid mites or their eggs and fecal pellets were observed in 56 cases (72.73%) by RCM, including 49 (80.33%) in the negative treatment history group and 7 in the positive treatment history group. RCM showed a significantly increased overall positive rate compared with microscopy of skin scrapings ( χ2=14.08, P<0.05) . In the negative treatment history group, RCM also showed a significantly increased positive rate compared with microscopy of skin scrapings ( χ2=15.53, P < 0.05) . Conclusion:RCM is of high clinical value to the diagnosis and treatment of childhood scabies.

Coronary heart disease is a kind of heart disease that is caused by atherosclerosis. The lipid deposition in the vessel wall results in occlusion of coronary artery and stenosis, which could induce myocardial ischemia and oxygen deficiency. Intervention therapies like percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary stent improve myocardial perfusion using catheter angioplasty to reduce stenosis and occlusion of coronary artery lumen. Accordingly, intervention therapies are widely applied in clinic to treat ischemic cardiovascular disease, arterial intima hyperplasia and other heart diseases, which could save the patients' life rapidly and effectively. However, these interventions also damage the original endothelium, promote acute and subacute thrombosis and intimal hyperplasia, and thus induce in-stent restenosis (ISR) eventually. Studies indicated that the rapid reendothelialization of damaged section determined postoperative effects. In this review, reendothelialization of implants after intervention therapy is discussed, including the resource of cells contributed on injured artery, the influences of implanted stents on hemodynamic, and the effects of damaged degree on reendothelialization.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Coronary Artery Disease ; therapy ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Endothelium, Vascular ; pathology ; Humans ; Myocardial Ischemia ; prevention & control ; Stents ; Thrombosis ; prevention & control