Objective To develop the software for the assessment of radionuclide concentration and doses from atmospheric dispersion. Methods Based on procedures for radionuclide atmospheric dispersion and dose assessment in IAEA publications (safety series reports No. 19), a parameter database was constructed using Microsoft Access, and the dispersion model and dose assessment methods were computerized using Microsoft Visual Basic 6.0, then we got the dose assessment software for radionuclide atmospheric dispersion. Results Atmospheric radionuclide concentration and public effective dose in a year could be estimated rapidly with the present software. Conclusion The present software provides a practical and rapid tool for evaluation and assessment the influence of radionuclide atmospheric dispersion, which can be used in the evaluation of atmospheric radionuclide concentration in routine monitoring or nuclides/radiological emergency, and also can be used as the screening evaluation in environmental surveillance.

Objective To establish a method for estimating internal dose from aerosol inhalation in non-uranium miners.Methods Aerosol samples in a tunnel in Dongchuan Copper Mine in Yunnan Province were collected by portable high flux air sampler.Radionuclides collected at the sampler filters were analyzed by the gamma spectrometry.Annual committed effective dose due to inhalation of the aerosol dust was estimated using the formula provided by ASTM.Results Radionuclides collected in two aerosol samples were anlayzed,the annual committed effective doses due to inhalation of 1 μm and 5 μm aerosol were estimated.Conclusions The method of using high flux air sampling and gamma spectrometry is explored to estimate the dose from aerosol inhalation.

Objective To estimate the dose to non-uranium miners from external exposure.Methods Ore samples of non-uranium mines were collected in site and analyzed with gamma spcetrometry,then annual dose to the miners was estimated based on the measured radioactivities of radionuclides.Results Thirty-two ore samples in thirteen mines in seven provinces were collected and analyzed.Among them,radioactivity concentrations in two samples were higher than others,and the annual doses from external exposure to the radionuclides in the two ore samples were estimated to be higher than 1 mSv/a.Conclusions Gamma spectrometry is fit for determining the radionuclides concentrations and its results can be used for estimating dose from external exposure in non-uranium mines.

Objective To compare the cosmic radiation doses to air crew (including pilots and flight attendants) between polar route and non-polar route flights. Methods A typical polar flight route (Beijing-New York) was selected and compared with non-polar route, non-polar route was selected as control group. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dosimeter and CR-39 solid track detector were used to measure the cosmic radiation dose to air crew. Results The annual mean effective dose to air crew from polar route and non-polar route was (5.79 ± 0.92)mSv/a and (2.14 ± 0.64)mSv/a, respectively.The 1000 h effective dose to air crew was (3.10 ± 0.27)mSv/kh and (2.21 ± 0.46)mSv/kh,respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups in either annual mean effective dose (t=30.25, P＜0.05) or 1000 h effective dose (t =7.60, P＜0.05). The doses of pilot groups were higher than that of flight attendants for either polar route ( t = 7.96, P ＜0.05) or non-polar route (t=4.70, P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The effective dose to air crew from galactic cosmic radiation during polar route fight might be higher than that of non-polar route fight, however, it did not exceed 20 mSv/year,which is the limit of national standard.

Objective:To evaluate the impact of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine included in an expanded immunization program on the reported incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu province.Methods:Information on the reported incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu province from 1987 to 2019 was collected through the National Population Health Science Data Center and the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. In addition, the trend of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate in Gansu province before and after the inclusion of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine in the expanded immunization program was analyzed using an interrupted time-series design.Results:The annual reported incidence rate of Japanese encephalitis in Gansu province from 1987 to 2019 was 0.448/per 100 000. However, after the inclusion of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine in the expanded immunization program in Gansu province in 2008, the amount of change in the level of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate was -2.223/per 100 000 ( t=-2.90, P=0.007), the amount of change in the slope of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate was 0.082 ( t=2.87, P=0.008) with the slope of Japanese encephalitis reported incidence rate as 0.071 ( β1+ β3=0.071). Conclusions:The Japanese encephalitis vaccine has achieved good prevention and control effects in Gansu province in the short term after its inclusion in the expanded immunization program, but outbreaks of Japanese encephalitis have still occurred. Therefore, in the future, Gansu province should promptly adjust the immunization strategy of the Japanese encephalitis vaccine, and strengthen the vaccination of the adult population, especially the rural adult population in the southeastern region of Gansu province, based on the continued focus on the works on Japanese encephalitis vaccination for children and adolescents.