The cost accounting plays central role in enhancing financial management in the hospital. With the increasing hospital competition, conventional model of cost accounting is changing, and gradually replaced with a novel model of cost accounting-total cost accounting. With the wide spread of total cost accounting in all hospitals, it is found that the general operation of hospitals is limited by the original HIS information system. EPR system feathered with the advanced data administration and potent function of financial analysis holding promise in adoption and acceptance by hospitals, serving as information collector and analyzer following HIS system.

Purpose:To explore the effect of anti-FasL on ADM resistance of K562/ADM cell subline and its possible mechanism.Methods:Control group,untreated with VER or anti-FasL ,VER-treated group,anti-FasL-treated group and anti-FasL +VER-treated group were set up. MTT、FCM、TUNEL、S-P immunechemistry and RT-PCR assay were used for detection.Results:Anti-FasL or VER treatment was capable of strengthening sensitivity of K562/ADM cells to ADM,ID 50 of anti-FasL and VER was 200ng/ml and 6?g/ml,respectively;DNA content of apoptosis from cycling analysis curve of K562/ADM cell was 7.42%,32.10%,49.29%,56.26%,respectively,and positive rate in situ apoptosis was 4.5%,36%,45%,58%,respectively,which represented a tendency of gradual increase. Anti-FasL was capable of effecting FasL and bcl-2 expression,but not Pgp.Conclusions:Anti-FasL alone or synergically with VER was capable of reversing ADM resistance of K562/ADM cell,which may be used as a novel reversor of multidrug resistance.

Purpose:To evaluate the effects of p53 overexpression on the balance of in situ T helper cell 1 with T helper cell 2 in colorectal adenomas and carcinomas, with further study of the immunological mechanism of p53 overexpression stimulating colorectal cancer formation.Methods:Endoscopic colorectal mucosal biopsies were taken from 68 patients with colorectal tumors,including adenomas(n=30) and carcinomas(n=38),and their normal mucosas served as control(NS,n=68).Paraffin sections were examined immunohistochemically for p53 protein overexpression and four cytocine(IL-2,IL-4,IL-10,IFN-r) levels were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) with the culture supernatants of colorectal tissue.Results:IL-2 and IFN-r levels in culture supernants of the positive group were significantly lower (P0.05).Conclusions:p53 overexpression induced inbalance of in situ Th1 with Th2 levels,shown as a drift from Th1 toTh2.p53 gene inactivation may play an critical role in immunological mechanism of colorectal carcinoma carcinogenesis.

Objective Through comparision of Her-2 gene in invasive breast carcinoma tissues assayed by IHC, CISH and FISH respectively, to explore an optimal detective methods. MethodsIHC, CISH and FISH were used in detection for Her-2 gene of 100 cases, respectively.ResultsCISH identified no Her-2 gene amplification in IHC score negative rumors (6/6) and gene amplication in 7.1%(1/14) of IHC score (+) and in 32 % of IHC score (++) tumors(l6/50) and in 80 % of IHC score (+++) (24/80), Concordant rate between CISH and FISH was 100 %(20/20). ConclusionThere are advantage and disadvantage among IHC,CISH and FISH. CISH is an accurate and dependable methods and would be easy to apply for detection of Her-2 gene.

Purpose:To explore the relationship between the infection of Helicobacter pylori (Hp), cell apoptosis and the expression of EGFR,VEGF in gastric mucosa and the gastrocarcinogenesis in Changle city, where has a high incidence of gastric carcinomas. Methods:The status of Hp infection was detected by the serum Hp antibody detection and the Hp special staining. The in situ TUNEL method was used in the apoptosis index (AI) detection. The immunohistochemical method (with S P kit) was used in the detection of the EGFR, VEGF expression. Results:The present infection rate of Hp in the series of the gastrocarcinogenesis was 74.4%, and was highest in the objects with chronic atrophic gastritis and/or intestinal metaplasia (CAG IM, 92.5%) . The AI was highest in the subjects with CAG IM, and lowest in the subjects with chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), the data were 0.357 and 0.179 respectively. The expression rate of EGFR was highest in the subjects with CAG IM, and lowest in the subjects with CSG, the data were 51.35% and 75% respectively. The expression rate of VEGF was highest in the subjects with GC, and lowest in the subjects with AH, the data were 65% and 35% respectively ( P

Objective: To provide an effective hGM CSF gene transferring vector mediated by gene gun and a basis for study of hGM CSF gene modified tumor cell vaccines. Method: The gastric tumor cell line (SGC) was transfected with eukarytic expression plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid containing the human granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating (hGM CSF) gene using the gene gun. The SGC cell clones (SGC GM CSF 1～5)secreting high hGM CSF level were obtained after G418 resistance selection. The hGM CSF gene had been integrated into chromatosome of SGC by the assay of RT PCR.Results: There was hGM CSF production whose lane was about 30 kD in the culture medium of SGC GM CSF by the assay of SDS PAGE and Western blot. SGC GM CSF had the ability of the high level of GM CSF for a long time(mean 247ng/(10 6 cell?24 h).Conclusion: The hGM CSF gene transferring vector mediated by gene gun was effective and safe. These results provide a basis for study of GM CSF gene therapy for cancer.

Purpose　To study the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical characteristics of mantle cell lymphomas(MCL). Methods　Six cases of MCL in lymph nodes were collected and immunohistochemical stains for CD45,CD20,CD79,CD45RO,CD30,CD68,CD43,CD5,cyclinD1,bcl-2,c-myc,IgD and IgM performed. Results　According to the histological pattern, MCL could be divided into 4 subtypes, mantle zone type(1 case), nodular type (1 case), diffuse type (2 cases) and blastoid type (2 cases). The tumor cells were pan-B+, IgD+, CD43+, cyclinD1 + (5/6),CD5+(4/6). Conclusions　MCL is a kind of special immunophenotypic B cell lymphoma. The different histiological subtype may have a different prognosis. The differential diagnosis includes the others B cell lymphomas, for instance, marginal zone B cell lymphomas (MZL),follicular lymphomas(FL), and choronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphomas (CLL/SLL).

Purpose　To study the pathological characteristics, diagnostic criteria and differential diagnoses of the lymph node marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (LMZL), for the clinical treatment and prognosis. Methods　Histopathology and immunohistochemistry(ABC method) were used in ten cases of LMZL. Results　There were six male and four female. Lymphadenopathy was the main symptom in all of the cases, of which none had hepatosplenomegaly and abnormal lymphocytes in the peripheral blood. Two of them were marginal zone type, four nodular type, two diffuse type and two blastic type morphologically. Five of them were central cell like (CCL) type, six monocytic B-cell (MBC), two of them lymphoplasmacytic and two blastic histopathologically. Immunophenotyping was done in ten cases and supported the diagnosis. Conclusions　LMZL and MALT-type lymphoma have similar appearance, immunophenotype and cell origin. Based on the structural features, LMZL is a special entity.

Objective To investigate the expression of CD40-CD154 co-stimulatory pathway in peripheral circulation and intestinal mucosa in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),the difference between the expression of CD40-CD154 in patients with IBD and that in healthy controls,and the correlation between CD40-CD154 levels and disease activity. Methods A total of 62 patients with Crohn's disease (CD),64 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and 56 healthy controls were enrolled. Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA),SYBR-green real time PCR and immunohistochemical assay were respectively applied to evaluate expression of CD40-CD154 in plasma,mononuclear cells of peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa. Results Levels of CD40 (P=0. 000) and CD154 (P=0. 001) in plasma,mononuclear cells of peripheral blood and intestinal mucosa were significantly higher in patients with CD and UC than in healthy controls. However,no correlation between disease activity and CD40-CD154 expression in peripheral circulation or intestinal mucosa was detected (P ＞ 0. 05 ). Conclusion CD40-CD154 pathway activation is found in plasma,peripheral blood mononuclear cells and intestinal mucosa in patients with IBD,but is not correlated with disease activity.

Assessment mode is a bottleneck in medical education reform nowadays.Although traditional assessment tools,such as written examination,are still widely used in medical education assessments,they have obvious limitations.With the enhancement of requirements in physicians' abilities,assessments on some basic abilities of physicians are still insufficient.The United States and Europe not only focus on the curriculum reform but also the development of appropriate assessment tools,therefore,some new assessment tools are invented.These assessment tools are applicable to the formative assessment and are student-centered,being able to promote the development of education and provide new options for medical education assessments.