That at present medical and health services are both inaccessible and expensive is an issue that health departments in charge are predominantly concerned with and must provide a solution to. For this reason, the Health Bureau of Nanjing has devoted major efforts to the following aspects: rational allocation of health resources; vigorous development of urban community health services; earnest improvement of rural health work; active promotion of medical benefits to the masses of people; full adoption of drug purchases via bidding; energetic support for nongovernmental medical institutions; vigorous crackdown on corruptive trade practices; active promotion of highly civilized health industries and speedy improvement of the medical service environment.

Seventy dogs were irradiated -with 300. 325, or 350 rad of gamma rays from a 60Co sourse. Half of them were used as controls and the other 35 animals were divided randomly into four groups and were experimentally treated with different regimes.In the first group there were 9 treated, animals and an equal number of control animals 5 all the animals were irradiated with 300 rad. The treatment consisted of a blood transfusion on the 16th day after radiation exposure as well as several antibiotics and other medications. 8 out of the treated animals and one of the controls survived the gamma irradiation.In the second group, ten animals were exposed to 350 rad and 8 to 325 radand they were divided equally into treated and control groups. In spite of early use of blood transfusion and antibiotics, all the treated animals as well as those of the control group died of severe mycotic infections.In the third group, 325 rad was given to the dogs. All 7 dogs of the controls died and two out of the 7 treated dogs survived. The treatment was the same as that of the first group but no blood transfusion was used.In the fourth grou'p?ten animals were irradiated with 350 rad and another ten with 325 rad. They were divided equally into control and treated groups. All the ten controls died. The treated group was given the same treatment as the first group. In addition, tetracycline was given in case there was fever in 'the critical phase of the sickness, and the dosage of tetracycline was doubled whenever fever persisted or recurred. All the treated animals survived.Early blood transfusion was found to be better in its therapeutic effect than late transfusion.

Objective To delineate the m orp hology and ecology of a new human schistosome species. Methods (1)Adult schistosomes were obtained from infected mice and rabbi ts with cercariae shedding from snails which were infected with miracidia devel oping from the eggs in feces of acute schistosomiasis patients. (2)T he rabbits were dissected during 60-100 d infection period of cecariae, and thei r bladders were taken out for detecting eggs in the urine. (3)Schistosome eggs i n the feces of patients were examined with microscopy. Results (1)There were two types of male worms: one was with an average o f size 8.76 mm long and 0 43 mm wide while the other with an average size of 2 41 mm long and 0 091 mm wide and with undeveloped gynecophoral canal which ap peared in front of ventral sucker (2)There were two types of female worms: one was with an average of size 10 73 mm long and 0 74 mm wide while the other wi th an average of size 3 43 mm long and 0 12 mm wide and was fine, semitranspar ent and tape like with undeveloped ovary and vitellaria. Less than 10 eggs or none were found in t he uterus. (3)There were a lot of degenerated and black eggs in the feces of 2 p atients. (4) Schistosome eggs were detected in the urine and miracidia were hatc hed out from 8 out of 16 infected rabbits.(5) Others: 8 worms were detected in 1 mouse out of 12 dissected mice for evaluation of infectious water with sentry m ice in spite of that no Oncomelania snails were found in the area. Cercariae stayed on water surface in lying position like a c omma. The eggs returned forwardly a fter growing behind the ovary in female worm. ConclusionAccording to the primary investigation in morphology an d ecology, the new schistosome obtained is distinct from the 6 well defined ty p es of human schistosome. It is considered that a new schistosome species should be foun d and temporarily nominated as Schistosoma nanjingi( S.n.)

Vitamin C injections are a national essential drug with wide clinical applications and instable property. In order to pro-vide the reference for further analysis on the quality status of vitamin C injections and improve the quality,the research on the stability, quality control and analysis methods was summarized in the study.

Objective To investigate the biopathologic characteristics of transitional mucosa (TM) adjacent to rectal cancer and its relationship to the anastomotic recurrence after curative surgery of rectal cancer. Method The expression of p53,p21 ras and PCNA proteins was determined immunohistochemically in primary rectal adenocarcinomas (n=67), the proximal margins (n=67), the distal margins (n=67) and rectal mucosa 1～3?cm distant to the anastomosis in patients one year after radical resection (n=33), and two years after (n=31).Results The expression of TM, p21 ras and p53 proteins,and PCNA index in primary rectal adenocarcinomas was higher than that in two resection margins (P0.05). Positive TM was often found in the area of chronic inflammation. conclusion TM adjacent to the rectal cancer is a nonspecific, not cancer precursor event.

BACKGROUND:Dynamic hip screws have been considered as a classic method for intertrochanteric fracture. However, migration of the hip screw resulting in cut-out of the femoral head remains the most common mechanical failure, which requires secondary surgery. OBJECTIVE:On the basis of the traditional dynamic hip screw, we modified the lag screw, designed new internal fixation system as cemented dynamic hip screws to explore the feasibility and the biomechanical properties for the treatment of osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture. METHODS:A total of 24 hip samples were harvested from fresh cadavers with osteoporosis. Bone density was measured. According to the standards, the specimens were made into intertrochanteric fracture models of AO31-A1 type. Of each specimen, one side implanted with cemented dynamic hip screws served as experimental group, and another side implanted with traditional dynamic hip screw served as control group. Axial compression, twisting and fatigue load biomechanics were tested. Their biomechanical functions were compared. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stress intensity, axial stiffness and horizontal shear stiffness were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). At torsion angle of 3°, torsional moment was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Fatigue load was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (P<0.05). Results suggested that cemented dynamic hip screw internal fixation system in the treatment of senile osteoporotic intertrochanteric fracture can effectively enhance the hip screw holding force and prevent femoral cutting. Biomechanical property, stiffness, endurance resistance and stability of cemented dynamic hip screw are better than traditional dynamic hip screw.

Objective To sum up clinical experiences of intractable temporal lobe epilepsy by microsurgery. Methods A retrospective review was conducted in 50 cases with epilepsy,and temporal lobe was resected by microsurgery from June 1996 to Oct. 2003. Results Follow-up patients from six months to five years.The follow up showed healing outcome in 25 cases,good results in 13 cases,unsatisfactory outcome in 9 cases,no improvement in 3 cases.Slight paresis 6 cases,divagation 8 cases,psychosis 5 cases and no death case. Conclusions Application of microsurgery can obvously improve the clinical result of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy and decrease the complication after operation.

Tablet 912 - II. active ingredients from Fructus Tribuli, was applied for treating 40 cases of cerebral vascular disorders. After a course of 3 months, it was found that the tablet markedly improved the clincal symptoms, lowered the blood viscosity, regulated platelet functions, ameliorated the microcirculation, increased the cerebral blood flow. When compared with Carlan tablet, the action of improving clinical manifestations was basically the same, while for that of correlated clinical indices, 912-II is better than the latter tablet.

0.05), and there was no significant difference in instable contraction occurring at filling period. As compared with those before stimulation, the cervicitis model group had increased basic pressure and per-micturition pressure and significantly decreased micturition pressure, vesical volume and vesical compliance lowered (P0.05), but the changes were significant after stimulation (P

OBJECTIVE To explore the clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by coagulase negative staphtylococci(CNS) and their drug resistance to common antibiotics.METHODS The clinical data and drug resistance of CNS of 37 nosocomial infection cases and 68 cases with colonization of lower respiratory tract by CNS were analyzed retrospectively,and the study mainly was focused on the risk factors and basic clinical features of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS.The resistance to common antibiotics of CNS was also summarized.RESULTS The risk factors were determined,which included long duration,age more than 65 years old,chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,the use of antibiotic suchs as carbapenems,the third generation cephalosporin,fluoroquinolones and concurrent infection of fungus.The mortality rate of infection was higher than after colonization.The clinical characteristics of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS included that the temperature of patients was focus on 37.5-38.5 ℃,peripheral blood routine of patients appearsed normal mostly and the lung imaging displayed the bilateral exudation changing near 50% the total.The 105 isolates of CNS were resistant to multi-antibiotics,the drug resistance rate to rifampicin and sodium fusidate was relatively low and resistant strains to vancomycin and teicoplanin were not detected.CONCLUSIONS The toxemia symptoms of nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS are mild and the clinical manifestation is atypical.It is more likely to catch nosocomial infection of lower respiratory tract by CNS for the patients who are with low immunity and applied with broad spectrum antibiotic for long-term.