This paper reports the method for detecting the antibodies to epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF), compared with the method of IFA. The results were satisfactory, We found that the antibody positive rate detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the patients with early EHF was significantly higher than that by IFA. It was noticed that the antibody titer of those patients who were in the early stage of fever was twice to four times higher than that by IFA. The method reported here might be a useful technique for clinical diagnosis and epidemiological reseach and for the country doctors.

The immunoporoxidase staining technics (IPST) was used in 37 patients with epidemic hemorrhagic fever (EHF) for detecting the specific IgM antibodies to EHF and compared with the method of IFA-IgG. The sera obtained at the early stage of the disease were ana- lyzed. In two cases, the results were negative by using the method of IPA-IgM antibodies. In 35 cases, the results were significantly higher than those by means of the method of IFA-IgG. But, the sera obtained at the late stage showed no difference between the two methods. The inhibition test and 2-ME tolerance tcst showed that the antibodics detected by the IPST technics were specific IgM ones, which could be found in the patient's serum on the second day of onset. The results showed that the IPA-IgM method is sensitive and highspecific and the results can be read under the light microscope. Thus, this method is convenient for the country doctors to use.

This paper recommends the early diagnosis of epidemic hemorrhagicfever with immunoenzymatic direct staining (IDS) to study the patient'speripheral white blood cells. The samples of blood smears from 63 patientswere examined under the microscope with this metbod. In 54 patients, the results were positive (85. 71%). We systemically observed 10 blood sam-ples from the patients in different courses of the disease, and found thatduring the period of recovery the results were negative. This method wasalso used to observe the blood smears from both 22 patients infected withother viruses and 20 healthy persons, and a negative result was obtained.It was demonstrated that IDS had stronger specificity. The advantages ofthis method are that blood samples are easily taken, carried and preserved,and that the experimental method is simple. Thus, IDS is of practical signifi-cance in preventing and treating the disease.

The goats were injected with hepatitis B virus-transfer factor (HBV-TF), which was made from the immune spleen of the same spacies goats immunized with HBsAg After that, we measured the goats cellular immunity and humoral immunity by cheching up the serum anti-HBs level and lymphocyte transformation assay by ~3H-Thymidine (~3H-TdR) incorporation assay. The experiments showed that HBV-TF has the capacity of passing the specific cellular immunity from immune animals to no immune animals. The animals receiving HBV-TF showed a typical skin delay hypersensitivity to specific antigen and augument the effect of lymphocyte transformation in the presence of HBsAg. HBV-TF can also remove the inhibition of lymphocyte transformation caused by HBsAg, Both HBV-TF and N-TF can increase the number of goats blood leucocytes. However HBV-TF and N-TF have no effect on animal's humoral immunity.

The antigen of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) virus in the infected suckling mouse brains was purified by a combined method—Protamin sulfate sedimentation and sucrose cushion uhracentrifugation. The Purified antigen was labeled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP). A kind of IgM antibody capture ELISA that used HRP—labeled antigen of HFRS Virus, i.e, direct ELISA, was successfully established for the detection of specific IgM antibody in sera from patients with HFRS. Compared with IgM antibody capture ELISA that used HRP—labeled IgG antibody to HFRS virus ,direct ELISA was similar in sensitivity to it,but direct ELISA could completely avoid the interference caused by rheumatoid factor (RF) as well as could reduce one step immune reaction. 87 serum samples from patients with HFRS(diagnosed clinically) in various stages, including 37 from Patients with HFRS in early stage(from 1 to 5 days after the onset of HFRS)were detected by direct ELISA . The positive rates of specific IgM antibody were 96.5% and 91.8%, respectively. We think that direct ELISA that uses HRP—labeled antigen provides a more specific,simpler and faster method for early di—agnosis of HFRS.

IFA was used to observe the distribution and the alteration of T-lymphocyte subtypes in the peripheral blood of 20 patiens with condyloma acuminata for 31 times. The murine antibody was the first antient and the antient of rabbit against IGFITC the second. The results showed that the percentage of CD_3 cell in the patients decreased significantly(P