Objective To discover the effects of the Prescription Administrative Policy in force on the quality of the prescriptions in a tertiary hospital in 2007. Methods The prescriptions of 400 cases were sampled systematically for evaluation, and 60 patients were interviewed. Results The average eligibility rate of the prescriptions was but 37. 2% in this hospital, which was mainly plagued by incompleteness, nonstandard and irrationality found in prescriptions. Implementation of the Policy contributed to a significant improvement of some indicators. For example, the eligibility rate increased by 12. 2% (P=0. 004) ,the percentage of the use of antimicrobial agents dropped significantly (P=0. 001),and the percentage of generic names used rose significantly (P = 0. 000). Conclusions The implementation of the Policy is highly positive for prescription quality.

Objective To investigate status of the intravenous use of antibiotics in outpatients and emergency patients of a tertiary first-class hospital, and provide a reference for developing management measures in next step. Methods By a retrospective method,all the prescriptions using antibiotics by intravenous administration in outpatients and emergency department patients from a tertiary first-class hospital in 2013 were extracted from the hospital information system. The categories of antimicrobial agents,proportion of intravenous use of antimicrobial drugs,ranking of the antibiotic consumption sum and defined daily dose,and the top 10 clinical departments or wards intravenously using antimicrobial drugs were chosen to analyze. The data in 2014 were extracted as a comparison. Results Outpatients and emergency department patients respectively used 8 categories 31 kinds and 8 categories 30 kinds of intravenous antimicrobial drugs, with high consumption of cephalosporins and restricted antimicrobials such as sodium cefoxitin.Intravenous use of antimicrobial drug prescription proportion in emergency department is higher than that in outpatient department. Conclusion After intervention in 2014, antibiotic consumption is effectively controlled as compared that in 2013. But management should be strengthened and appropriate interventions should be taken to ensure the use of intravenous antibiotics in a safe,effective and economical manner.

Objective:To study the effect of quality control circle(QCC)on the reasonable ratio of clinical prescriptions. Methods:The dispensed prescriptions in orthopedic emergency department were reviewed in our hospital,and the reasons of unreasonable prescriptions were analyzed. According to the QCC technique,the activities were implemented,the standardized work process was made out and the results were studied. Results:After the six-month QCC activities,the unreasonable ratio of emergency orthopedics prescriptions was reduced from 70% to 21% ,and the target yield rate was 140% and the improvement rate was 70% . Conclusion:The QCC has obvious effect on the improvement of reasonable ratio of emergency orthopedics prescriptions.

Objective To improve the accuracy of prescription checking and provide reference for rational drug administration. Methods Intervention mistakes exsisting in prescription checking in 2016 were retrospectively studied to analyze pharmacist' s misunderstanding during prescription checking. Results The error rate of prescription intervention was higher in department of cardiology, department of general internal medicine and department of neurology, accounting for 0.6％, 0.24％ and 0.23％, respectively.Inaccurate prescriptions for intervention, inaccurate medication and inaccurate repeat injections ranked the top 3 of erroneous prescriptions, with the proportions of 25.11％, 22.98％ and 17.45％, respectively. Conclusion Pharmacists should regularly summarize the misconceptions existed in the prescription audit, take individualized medication thoughts as guidance, strengthen the multi-disciplinary knowledge learning.

Objective To investigate the clinical application of perioperative human serum albumin(HSA)in cardiac surgery in multiple regions in China,and to evaluate the rationality of its clinical application in conjunction with the clinical guidelines,in order to provide a reference for promoting the rational application of HSA.Methods The medical records of patients who underwent cardiac surgery from April to June 2019 in eight hospitals across the country were retrospectively collected.The statistical information on patients'general information,the dosage,course of treatment,and cost of HSA,and the serum albumin level before and after medication was analyzed to evaluate the use of HSA.Relevant evaluation criteria were established,and the rationality of its medication was evaluated.Results Data from a total of 449 patients were included for analysis,the appropriate rate of medication was 81.1％.The course of medication was mostly＞2-5 days and the total amount of HSA was mostly 50-99 g.The main purpose of medicaiton were improving colloid osmotic pressure,reducing exudation to improve interstitial edema,postoperative volume expansion.Conclusion Clinical attention should be paid to ensure the rational application of HSA in cardiac surgery during the perioperative period and prevent the abuse of blood products.

OBJECTIVE：To standardize and optim ize the clinical use of Trastuzumab for injection ，and to provide reference for rational use of drugs in the patients. METHODS ：The pharmacy intravenous admixture service （PIVAS）in our hospital took the lead in communication and coordination with financial ，information，medical insurance departments as well as clinicians and nurses，to set up dispensing ，charging and reimbursement mode by dose of trastuzumab. Under that ，doctors could give orders according to the clinical dosage of patients ；PIVAS dispenses drugs according to the actual dose ；the drugs were shared among patients；the charge and reimbursement of drugs are carried out according to the actual dose of patients. At the same time ，the questionnaire survey was conducted among 60 patients about the medical experience and cost savings before and after the implementation of the mode . RESULTS ：The questionnaire survey showed that in terms of solving the potential safety problems of trastuzumab and the inconvenience of patients ’medical treatment ，the solution rate of the mode was 100％；in terms of improving patients’feeling of seeking medical treatment and helping treatment ，the improvement rate was 100％；in terms of saving patients ’ treatment costs ，most（80％）of the patients thought that it could save less than 500 yuan each time ，and rest of the patients thought that it could save more than 500 yuan each time. CONCLUSIONS ：The mode of dispensing ，charging and reimbursement of Trastuzumab for injection in our hospital has solved the problems of drug waste ，occupational injury and inconvenient preservation in clinical use ，and has played a good role in drug safety ，cost saving and patient convenience.

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the role of clinical pharmacists in the individual anticoagulation of warfarin for the patients with lower extremity venous thrombosis （LEVT） and pulmonary arterial thromboembolism （PATE）. METHODS： Clinical pharmacists participated in individual anticoagulation of warfarin for the patients with LEVT and PATE. It was suggested to detect the gene type of the patient. According to the results of gene test [cytochrome P450 （CYP）2C9*1*1 and vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit Ⅰ] and the dose recommended by FDA based on the patient’s gene， the initial dose of warfarin （3.125 mg，once a day） was determined according to the patient’s living habits， height and body mass. Then the maintenance dose of warfarin （the maintenance dose of warfarin was 2.5 mg and 3.125 mg， once a day， alternately taken every other day） was calculated according to the warfarin maintenance dose prediction formula established by Warfarin Pharmaeogenetics Consortium. Pharmaceutical monitoring was conducted， such as INR， prothrombin time and bleeding event monitering. RESULTS： Physicians adopted the suggestion of clinical pharmacists. The maintenance dose of warfarin was 2.5 mg and 3.125 mg， once a day， alternately taken every other day. It was suggested to give Flucloxacillin sodium injection which had less influence on warfarin. The patient recovered well and was discharged. CONCLUSIONS： Based on pharmacogenomics， clinical pharmacists participate in the formulation of individualized anticoagulant regimens for patients， which promote TNR ralue of patients， reduce the risk of early postoperative thromboembolism， and further ensure the safety of drug use in patients.

OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy， safety and cost-effectiveness of tenecteplase in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke， and to provide a basis for clinical rational drug use and related decision-making. METHODS The related literature in the PubMed， the Cochrane Library， CNKI， Wanfang data and health technology assessment （HTA） databases were searched from the establishment of the database to June 30th， 2024. Systematic reviews/meta-analyses， pharmacoeconomic studies and HTA reports on tenecteplase in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke were collected. After data extraction and quality assessment， descriptive analysis of the included studies was carried out. RESULTS A total of 31 articles were included， involving 28 systematic reviews/ meta-analysis and 3 pharmacoeconomic studies. In terms of effectiveness， compared with alteplase， tenecteplase （0.25 mg/kg） could significantly increase the early neurological improvement； the 90 d excellent neurological recovery rate， 90 d good neurological recovery rate， and recanalization were not inferior to alteplase. For safety， compared with alteplase， tenecteplase did not increase the incidence of hemorrhage， symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage， 3-month mortality， or intracranial hemorrhage. In terms of cost-effectiveness， foreign research results showed that tenecteplase had economic advantages over alteplase. CONCLUSIONS Compared with alteplase， tenecteplase is effective and safe in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke， and it is cost-effective.