Objective To explore the effect and significance of AQP4 mRNA expression in bronchial epithelium of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on airway inflammation. Methods Bronchial epithelium was obtained by bronchoscopy in patients with COPD (n=30) and healthy controls (n=30) whose bronchial epithelium was confirmed to be normal by the pathologist. AQP4 mRNA were studied by RT-PCR method. Inflammatory cells infiltration was observed by HE staining; pulmonary function test was performed too before bronchoscopy. Results Compared with that in the healthy controls, AQP4 mRNA expression in COPD was reduced (P

Objective To study the photodynamic therapeutical efficacy of a novel photosensitizer DTP on sensitive gastric cancer cells (SGC7901) and vincristine-resistant gastric cancer cells (SGC7901/VCR).Methods The P-gp expression on the SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cell membrane was indirectly confirmed by fluorescence microscopy.The survival rates of SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells were evaluated by cell counting kit (CCK-8) after photodynamic therapy with DTP.The intracellular DTP uptake levels of two types of cell were determined using a fluorescence spectrophotometer,and the intracellular DTP distributions were observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy.Results The novel photosensitizer DTP has considerable photodynamic cytotoxic effect on SGC7901 and SGC7901/VCR cells.However,this effect on the SGC7901NCR cells was relatively weak (P＜0.05),and could not be enhanced by P-gp inhibitor verapamil or cyclosporine A(P＞0.05).The DTP uptake level in SGC7901 cells was higher than that in SGC7901/VCR cells (P＜0.05),and could not be enhanced by P-gp inhibitor verapamil and cyclosporin A (P＞0.05).It was found that DTP distributed in the lysosomes of SGC7901 cells and in the lysosomes and mitochondria of SGC7901/VCR cells.Conclusions The novel photosensitizer DTP is not the substrate of multidrug transporter P-gp,and its weaker photodynamic cytotoxic effect on SGC7901/VCR cells is independent of the P-gp overexpression on its cell membrane,which may be related to the distribution of intracellular DTP in the two types of cell.

Objective To develop liposome loaded with paclitaxel for the treatment of lung cancer,novel phosphatidyl polyethyleneglycol monomethyl ether liposomes were prepared and studied.Methods A series of phosphatidyl polyethyleneglycol monomethyl ether liposomes were synthesized.Liposomes with or without drug were prepared by ultrasound.The entrapment efficiency and size of drug loaded liposomes were evaluated.The influence of liposomes to A549 lung cancer cell was investigated by MTT method.The cell uptake of liposome was observed by laser confocal scan microscope.Results The liposome loaded with paclitaxel had an entrapment efficiency of 83％ and size of 100～200 nm.The MTT results showed phosphatidyl polyethyleneglycol monomethyl ether liposomes loaded paclitaxel have inhibition effect to A549 cells with long circulation,while liposomes without paclitaxel have not inhibition effect.Conclusion Drug loaded polyethyleneglycol monomethyl ether liposomes have sustained delivery to paclitaxel.They have potential application in the therapy of cancer.

Objective To explore photodynamic therapeutic efficiency and related mechanisms of a new porphyrin-typed photodynamic therapy (PDT) drug synthesized in our lab on HGC27 and MGC803 cells.Methods Two different kinds of gastric cancer cells, HGC27 and MGC803, were chosen as cell lines to evaluate the PDT efficiency of new porphyrin-typed PDT drug based upon four group experiments: control (no drug, no light) group, drug treated group (only drug, no light), light treated group (no drug, only light) and experiment group (with drug and light at the same time). Bleaching method was used to evaluate the photostability of new porphyrin-typed PDT drug upon repititive illumination. MTT assay was carried out to test the survival rate of tumor cells after PDT. Cofocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) was applied to observe subcellular localization of drug in HGC27 and MGC803 cells (mitochondria and lysosome). Results New porphyrin-typed PDT drug has good stability to light, no toxicity on HGC27 and MGC803 cells without light (P>0.05), while intense lethal effect was observed upon light illumination (P<0.05). The peak efficacy appeared when concentration is 3.12 μmol/L for both HGC27 and MGC803 cells and the new porphyrin-typed PDT drug localizes in lysosome other than traditional mitochondrion. Conclusion New porphyrin-typed PDT drug is a good photodynamic therapeutic sensitizer for HGC27 and MGC803 tumor cells.

Obstract:Objective To explore a more short and effective surgical treatment for macrostomia. Methods From August 2010 to July 2013,the data of 15 patients with macrostomia were collected. Macrostomia were treated by triangular flap combined orbicularis oris anatomi-cal aeduction. The surgical effect was observed. Results Fifteen cases were treated with satisfactory static and dynamic results. Conclusion The method for macrostomia correction was success,which has the advantange of minimal visible scar with satisfying results in both esthetics and functional aspects.

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical effect of nape acupuncture on post-stroke dysphagia by a meta-analysis.Method Domestic literature on clinical randomized controlled trials of nape acupuncture treatment of post-stroke dysphagia published from Jun. 2004 to Jun. 2014 were obtained by a computer search ofChina National Knowledge Internet(CNKI), Wanfang Data medical information system (WF), VIP information resource system (VIP) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM) combined with a manual search of Jinan University library journal database. Literature inclusion and exclusion criteria were established to extract data and the qualities of the included studies were assessed using a Jadad rating scale. A meta-analysis was made using the software ReviewManager 5.2.ResultA total of 17 articles were included with 1158 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that there were statistically significant differences in the total efficacy rate [OR=3.99, 95%CI(2.83, 5.63),P<0.00001] and the cure rate[OR=2.67, 95%CI(2.03, 3.53),P<0.00001] between the nape acupuncture and control groups.ConclusionNape acupuncture has clinically a good therapeutic effect on post-stroke dysphagia. Multi-center, large-sample and high-quality studies are still needed for validation because the qualities of the included articles are lower, which is one of the factors influencing the assessment.

Objective To study the relationship between the dose indicator of computed radiography (CR) and the entrance surface dose (ESD),and to build a model for estimating ESD based on this relationship.Methods Taking Kodak CR system as the research object,a theoretical model for estimating the ESD was established according to theoretical derivations,and the key parameters in the model were determined through experiments in a CR system.Further experiments in another CR system were also conducted to verify the model.Results The ESDs were not only dependent on the dose indicator provided by the CR system,but also influenced by other factors,such as tube potential,patient's body thickness and energy response of the imaging plate.The estimation results of the model agreed well with the experiment results,and the relative deviation was confirmed within 20％.Conclusions The dose indicator based model can provide a relatively fast and easy way for evaluating the doses of patients undergoing X-ray diagnoses with the CR system.

Objective To study the photodynamic therapy (PDT) mediated by a novel porphyrin-typed photosensitizer on human hepatic carcinoma HepG2 cell and the mechanisms.Methods Experiments were derided into four groups:control group,PDT group,photosensitizer group and photosensitizer+PDT group.The photostability of novel photosensitizer upon repetitive illumination was evaluated by bleaching method,and cell survival rate was determined by MTT assay.Cellular uptake of novel photosensitizer was measured with luminescence spectrometer,and cellular localization ofphotosensitizer was observed by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM).Furthermore,apoptotic cell was detected with Hoechst 333342 staining.Results Novel photosensitizer was stable after repetitive light irradiation,and PDT or photosensitizer alone showed no dark cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cell (P＞0.05),but intense killing was observed in photosensitizer+PDT group (P＜0.05).The IC50 is 1.21 μmol/L.Cellular uptake of novel photosensitizer was concentration-dependent and the highest uptake is at concentration of 12.5 μmol/L.Novel photosensitizer localizes in lysosomes of HepG2 cell,and the death mode of HepG2 cell was mainly apoptosis.Conclusions Novel photosensitizer exerts profound cytotoxic effects on HepG2 cell mainly through the initiation of secondary cell apoptosis by lysosome destruction.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of combined needle-embedding and SSRIs for depressive sleep disorder. Method: Upon admission, 71 depression cases were randomized into needle-embedding group of 24 cases, using combined needle-embedding and SSRIs, acupuncture group of 21 cases, using combined acupuncture and SSRIs, and medication group of 26 cases, using SSRIs alone. After 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment, the HAMD sleep scores were compared. Result: The HAMD sleep scores in the needle-embedding and acupuncture group were remarkably superior to the medication group and there was significant statistical difference after 1, 2 and 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.01). However, there was no statistical difference after 6 weeks of treatment. Conclusion: SSRIs can improve HAMD sleep scores. The combined needle-embedding or acupuncture with SSRIs can work faster and better than medication alone. There was no statistical difference between needle-embedding and acupuncture group, however, needle-embedding can reduce the treatment frequencies and therefore has more active clinical meaning.

Objective To study the radiation protection effect of sugar polyphenols A obtained by structured modification using mouse model of radiation injury induced by 137Cs γ-ray.Methods Total 42 male Kunming mice aged 4-6 weeks were randomly divided into six groups:negative control group (NCG),positive control group (PCG),irradiation control group (ICG) as well as three irradiation experimental groups.The radiation injury model was developed by once whole-body irradiation with 6.0 Gy 137Cs γ-ray.The mice in three experimental groups were fed sugar polyphenols A respectively with doses of 0.05,0.10 and 0.20 g/kg,for 14 d before irradiation,and continuously fed with the drug for 7 d after the irradiation.After that the mice were sacrificed,and the organ index,hematological parameters,spleen colony number,bone marrow DNA content and nucleated cells in bone-marrow were tested to evaluate the effect of sugar polyphenols A.Results Compared with the ICG,the irradiation experimental groups with the sugar polyphenols A doses of 0.05,0.10,0.20 g/kg showed reductions in irradiation injuries of immune system and hematopoietic system,which makes the significant increases of the spleen indexes (Z=-2.364,-3.003 and -2.747,P＜0.05) and the number of endogenous spleen colony (Z=-2.458,-2.141 and-2.206,P＜0.05).In the groups with the doses of 0.05 and 0.2 g/kg,the number of white blood cells were significantly increased (Z=-2.652 and-2.139,P＜0.05).Besides,in the group with the dose of 0.2 g/kg,the level of red blood cells (Z=-2.364,P＜0.05),bone marrow DNA content (Z=-2.492,P＜0.05) and nucleated cells in bone-marrow (Z=-2.492,P＜0.05) were also increased compared with the ICG.Conclusions Sugar polyphenols A has the positive effects on the recovery of immune and hematopoietic function of mice through improving the organ index,endogenous spleen colony number,peripheral white blood cell number,bone marrow DNA content and nucleated cells in bone-marrow,which can reduce the injury induced by ionizing radiation.