OBJECTIVETo review the functional mechanism of apolipoprotein J (apoJ) in the process of atherosclerosis and the feasibility of apoJ as a therapeutic endpoint.

DATA SOURCESRelevant articles published in English from 1983 to present were selected from PubMed. The terms of "atherosclerosis, apolipoprotein J, clusterin (CLU), oxidative stress, and inflammation" were used for searching.

STUDY SELECTIONArticles studying the role of apoJ with atherosclerosis and restenosis after injury were reviewed. Articles focusing on the intrinsic determinants of atherosclerosis were selected. The exclusion criteria of articles were that the studies on immunologic vasculitis.

RESULTSApoJ, involved in numerous physiological process important for lipid transportation and vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation, including apoptotic cell death, cell-cycle regulation, cell adhesion, tissue remodeling, immune system regulation, and oxidative stress, plays a role in the development of clinical atherosclerosis. In the process of relieving atherosclerosis, apoJ can promote cholesterol and phospholipid export from macrophage-foam cells, and exhibit cytoprotective and anti-inflammatory actions by interacting with lots of known inflammatory proteins which may predict the onset of clinical cardiovascular events and may actually play a causal role in mediating atherosclerotic disease such as C-reactive protein, paraoxonase, and leptin. As known as CLU, apoJ has been identified to play central roles in the process of vascular smooth cells migration, adhesion, and proliferation, which can contribute significantly to restenosis after vascular injury.

CONCLUSIONSIntense effort and substantial progress have been made to identify the apoJ that relieves atherosclerosis and vascular restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention. More work is needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms of and the interrelationship between the actions of apoJ and to successfully achieve regression of atherosclerosis by regarding it as a therapeutic endpoint.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; genetics ; mortality ; Clusterin ; genetics ; metabolism ; Coronary Artery Disease ; genetics ; metabolism ; Coronary Restenosis ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans

BACKGROUND: The risk factors of surgical site infection after spinal surgery are diverse and complex. At present, there is still a great controversy on the study of the risk factors of postoperative infection of spine. OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the independent risk factors of surgical site infection after spinal surgery, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of surgical site infection. METHODS: Between January 2004 and June 2019, the Chinese and foreign databases were retrieved. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, we collected case-control and cohort studies on independent risk factors for surgical site infection after surgery. After extraction of available data, independent risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, smoking, history of surgery) for the merger OR value and 95%CI were calculated by using the fixed effect model and random effect model for meta-analysis. The consistency of the results was compared. The reliability of the merge result was analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 19 articles were included, with 1 008 cases of surgical site infection, and the control group contained 7 527 cases. (2) The independent risk factors for merger OR value (95%CI) from high to low in turn were diabetes (OR=3.24, 95%CI: 2.09-5.02), obesity (OR=2.99, 95%CI: 1.77-5.05), surgical history (OR=2.12, 95%CI: 1.79-2.50), hypertension (OR=1.90, 95%CI: 1.34-2.69), and smoking (OR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.39-2.48). (3) Results indicated that diabetes, hypertension, obesity, smoking and surgical history are all independent risk factors for the occurrence of surgical site infection after spinal surgery, and each independent risk factor is positively correlated with the occurrence of surgical site infection after spinal surgery.

Portulaca oleracea has the functions of clearing heat and removing toxin, cooling blood to stop bleeding and treating dysentery. It is a medicine and food homologous drug with no toxic effect, which is common to people. As a drug, it has high safety. P. oleracea has a variety of active ingredients and pharmacological effects. In order to fully exploit the purslane and accelerate the modernization of purslane research, this paper summarizes the research progress of purslane. On this basis, the correlation analysis of “composition-activity-CMM efficacy-disease” was carried out, in order to provide ideas for the modern research of P. oleracea.

Based on the concept of quality marker (Q-marker) and the application of Q-marker in traditional Chinese medicine, the quality control methods of Chinese materia medica injections were put forward, taking salvianolic acids for injection as an example. Through the analysis of components, efficacy and pharmacokinetics, it has been identified that the Q-marker of salvianolic acids for injection were salvianolic acid B, rosmarinic acid, lithospermic acid, salvianolic acid D, and salvianolic acid Y. The quality control system of multi-index content determination, fingerprint, near infrared on-line control, and biological quality control was established with Q-marker as the core. It provides a reference for the new ideas of quality control of Chinese materia medica injection.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the efficacy and mechanism of Fangchuan Mixture (FCM) in treating children with mild continuous asthma.

METHODSOne hundred and seventy-five patients in the three groups were treated with FCM (A), Flixotide (B), and the combination of FCM and Flixotide (C), respectively for 12 weeks. Their condition of asthma and TCM syndrome were observed, peak expiratory flow (PEF) and serum levels of immunoglobulin (Ig), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) were determined.

RESULTSAll the indexes determined were improved significantly in the three groups after treatment (P <0.05). Paired comparison among groups showed that the improvements in non-asthma time, time required beta-receptor activator, expectoration, complexion, appetite, and increasing serum IFN-gamma after treatment were superior in Group C than in Group A and B (P <0.05); the improvements in hidrosis, faint pulse and decreasing serum IL-4 level in Group A and C were better than those in Group B (P <0.05), and the effect for alleviating symptoms of rhinitis such as nasal obstruction and nasal discharge in Group C was more significant than that in Group B (P <0.05).

CONCLUSIONFCM could attenuate the allergic inflammation of bronchi to improve its hypersensitive state in children with asthma, and shows a cooperative action with Flixotide.

Adolescent ; Androstadienes ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Bronchodilator Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluticasone ; Humans ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Treatment Outcome

Many studies indicate that lymphoid neoplasms are related with chromosome translocations and the molecular alterations involving in the cell cycle and/or apoptotic pathways. However, survival of B and T tumor cells also depends on interactions of these cells with the accompanying cells comprising the lymphoma microenvironment. Immune cells, stromal cells and numerous molecular together make up the microenvironment and have functional interaction with tumor cells, promoting tumor growth and drug resistance. Different types of lymphoma have various clinical courses, therapy responses and prognoses, which show a close relationship with the microenvironment. This review summarizes several components of lymphoma microenvironment including macrophages, adhesion molecules and chemokines and the roles of microenvironment in classic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, suggesting that the microenvironment influence the prognosis of lymphoma, targeting microenvironment may be a potential method in lymphoma therapy.
Apoptosis ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; Cell Cycle ; Chemokines ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Macrophages ; Tumor Microenvironment

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male

Adolescent ; Aminopeptidases ; blood ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Fatty Liver ; blood ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Obesity ; blood ; complications

Objective: To explore the influence of sports rehabilitation training on mental health, sports consciousness and sports behavior of disabled college students. Methods: A total of 108 students with mild to moderate physical disability from 6 universities in Tianjin City were selected as the research objects. They were divided into two groups ( n =54) by random number table method. One group was used as a blank control without any intervention (control group). The other group was used for sports rehabilitation training through sports prescription (experimental group). The changes of physical condition, mental health, exercise consciousness and exercise behavior of the two groups before and after intervention were compared. Results: The positive rates of anxiety, depression, interpersonal sensitivity (25.93%, 12.96%, 22.22%) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group( χ 2=6.64, 4.48, 16.80, P <0.05). Compared with that before intervention, the proportion of college students in the experimental group whose goal was to exercise willpower, assist in treating diseases, satisfy interests and promote health (29.63%, 24.07%, 35.19%) after intervention was significantly increased, and the proportion of college students whose goal was to deal with physical examination (14.81%) was significantly reduced ( χ 2=4.48, 5.65, 5.98, 32.04, P <0.05). Compared with that before intervention, the frequency and time of exercise per week in the experimental group increased significantly after intervention, and the proportion of the main forms of exercise in the experimental group increased, the proportion of low intensity exercise decreased, the proportion of high intensity and medium intensity exercise increased, the proportion of irregular exercise decreased, the proportion of regular exercise increased, the proportion of those who felt good after exercise increased. The differences of each group were statistically significant ( χ 2=17.84, 14.72, 16.34,15.15, 16.12, 9.44, P <0.05). Conclusion The exercise rehabilitation training for the disabled college students is helpful to strengthen their sports consciousness and improve their sports behavior, so as to effectively improve their physical health, reduce their negative emotions such as anxiety, self blame, allergy and depression, and promote their mental health.

Central venous catheters (CVCs) are now widely used in critical care for critical care, fluid resuscitation, drug infusion, parenteral nutrition, hemodynamic monitoring, chemotherapy, and continuous blood purification treatment. Although the application of CVCs can facilitate clinical medical care work, the proportion of patients with various catheter complications will exceed 15%, and the incidence of catheter blockage is about 25%. At present, adequate flushing and effective sealing are considered to be important means to reduce and prevent catheter blockage. This article reviews the prevention of central venous catheter occlusion with different sealing fluids, in order to provide reference for clinical nurses to prevent central venous catheter occlusion.