The development of DNA chip has been strongly driven by modern approaches of life science and microelectronics. The broad of DNA chip applications include the detection of pathogens,the detection of mutations in genes involved in human diseases or affected during cancer progression, sequence analysis, the pattern of gene expression monitoring and pharmacy studies .This review explains the technology, its scope, and impact on medicine, as well as its cost and possible limitations.

Pem gene is one of the homeobox gene. Unlike members of Hox gene family, Pem gene is unique located at the proximal end of the X chromosome and its expression has been detected in several immortalized and transformed cells, placenta, embryos and reproductive tissues. Numeral studies showed that its expression is controlled by hormone such as androgen. This review discussed the possible role of Pem in regulating genes involved in the differentiation and development of extraembryonic tissue, spermatogenesis and sperm maturation.

Objective To explore the effect of depakine in the treatment of traumatic epilepsy relapse,and compared carbamazepine and lamotrigine combined with depakine in the treatment of traumatic epilepsy.Methods Open trial in 131 patients with traumatic epilepsy relapse treated with depakine,and all patients were aderministered with carbamazepine or lamotrigine combined with depakine.3 months before treatment,the epilepsy seizures frequency was compared,and 6 months after the treatment,the efficacy,adverse reactions and safety was compared between two mothods.Results Application of carbamazepine or lamotrigine combined with depakine treatment for 6 months,the seizure frequency significantly decreased compared with before treatment;The seizure frequency reduction( ≥50％ ) were 72.6％ and 91.3％,the difference was statistically significant between before and after treatment( P ＜ 0.01 ) ;The adverse reactions of carbamazepine combined with depakine was 37.1％,and it of lamotrigine combined with depakine was 8.7％.Conclusion Lamotrigine combined with depakine in the treatment of traumatic epilepsy recurrence was effective,and its side effects was light.

A variety of views and approaches were found in the appraisal and judgments of the people's courts in various provinces and cities,on medical disputes involving absence of a hand or foot of newborns,which result in different or event contradictory court decisions.This study made an analysis of the characteristics,nature,and classification of such cases as well as countermeasures of medical institutions,with recommendations on rational and appropriate handling of such cases,for the purposes of legitimate rights maintenance of both doctors and patients,and promotion of mutual understanding between the two parities,and establishment of a harmonious doctor-patient relationship.

AIM: To study the effect of Liuwei Dihuang Wan (LWDHW) on the expression of immune-associated genes in the aged rats using cDNA microarray. METHODS: Forty 20-months-old rats were divided into two groups equally. One group was treated with LWDHW for 5 weeks,another was untreated as control. Some biochemical assays were used to confirm the physiological differences between two groups. The mRNA from the spleens of twenty 4-months-old young rats were extracted and divided equally into two parts. Each part was conjoined with mRNA from drug treated aged rats and that from untreated control aged rats,respectively,and two experimental combinations for reverse transcription and cDNA microarray were formed. By comparing two groups of data from two combinations,the effects of LWDHW on the expression of the associated genes were evaluated. RESULTS: 13 down-regulated genes and one up-regulated gene were identified in the untreated control old rats,whose expression did not change obviously in treated old rats compared with young rats. The expressions of another two sequence were up-regulated distinctly in treated old rats compared with young rats. CONCLUSIONS: 16 immune-associated genes expressions were affected markedly by LWDHW. It will be helpful for understanding the molecular mechanism of LWDHW in ageing.

Objective The objectives of this study were to analyze the results of lung cancer screening from 9265 urban residents in Urumqi from year 2014 to 2016,and to evaluate the significance of early diagnosis and treatment of cancer for the lung cancer prevention.Methods A total of 31,177 people with high risk of lung cancer were assessed by cancer risk questionnaire surveyed from 40 to 69 years old residents in Urumqi.High-risk groups were assigned to low-dose spiral CT scan in Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University.Results 9,265 people were scanned with low dose spiral CT and overall completion rate was 29.7％.There had 11.9％ detection rate in 1,005 people who were scanned positive pulmonary nodules.The detection rate was 31.9％ for 2,955 people who were scanned solid nodules(＜5 mm) and 2.5％ for 236 people who had the non solid nodules(＜ 8 mm).After screening,14 patients were diagnosed by pathology and the detection rate was 0.2％.The emphysema,pulnonary cysts,pulmonary bullae and other related lung disease were detected in 4,095 people and the detection rate was 44.2％.Conclusion The lung health status of Urumqi residents was found by a wide range of lung cancer screening,and the awareness of lung cancer prevention and control was greatly improved.It provided the basis for the establishment of effective prevention and treatment system,which was helpful to improve the early diagnosis and treatment rate of lung cancer.

AIM:To determine the effect of rhBMP2 on the migration of human breast cancer cells MCF-7. METHODS:MCF-7 was induced by rhBMP2 (30 ?g/L) for 24 h. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to observe the changes in cell morphology. Cell migration and invasion abilities were assayed by scratch healing and transwell experiments. RESULTS:The formation of lamellipodia and cell polarity together with increased cell length were observed in the cells treated with rhBMP2,whereas lamellipodia of cells in control group were not obvious and the majority of cells tended to be rounder with shorter cell diameter. Compared to control group,scratch healing and transwell experiments showed that the migration and invasion capacity of rhBMP2-induced MCF-7 cells was markedly enhanced. CONCLUSION:rhBMP2 induces human breast cancer cell MCF-7 to present the phenotype of migration and enhances the invasion capacity.

Objective To explore effects of Naikan cognitive therapy on improving clinical symptoms in patients with convalescent schizophrenia. Methods The 69 convalescent schizophrenic patients with convalescent clinical state were consecutively recruited. All the patients were divided into Naikan cognitive therapy ( NCT) group an control group at random and were pretreated with antipsychotic agent therapy. In NCT group,the patients received NCT for successive 7 days. In control group,the patients only received antipsychotic agent therapy. Pre-and post-treatment positive and negative syndrome scale( PANSS) , Nurses'observation scale for inpatient evaluation (NOSIE) were administered to all subjects. Results ① A significant decrease occurred in PANSS total score, negative symptom score, positive symptom score, compound scale score, general psychopathology score, reaction retardation score and paranoid score in NCT group ( t = 2. 672～7. 370, P < 0. 05). In the post-treatment, PANSS total score, negative symptom score, positive symptom score, compound scale score, reaction retardation score and thought disorder score were significantly lower in NCT group than those in control group ( t ' = 2. 696, P = 0. 009; t = 5. 186, P=0.000; t = 3.757, P = 0.001; t = 2.634,P = 0.011; t ' =2.376, P = 0.021). ②A significant decrease occurred in NOSIE total negative score( 10.43 ± 9. 24 vs 13. 87 ± 8. 03, t = 3. 463 , P = 0. 002) , irritation score(3. 13 ±0.43 vs8.53 ±4.98, t = 6. 139, P=0.000) and retardation score(1.07 ± 1.64 vs 2. 20 ±2.85, t = 2.067, P = 0.048) in NCT group. Conclusion NCT can possibly improve part clinical symptoms of patients with convalescent schizophrenia to a certain extent,especially negative symptom,but need to further prove the effect of NaiKan cognitive therapy.

Objective To study the expression of aquaporin-4 (AQP-4) in core and marginal region of the contusion brain tissues from patients with severe traffic brain injuries. Methods Thirty patients with severe traffic brain injuries (frontal-temporal brain contusion) admitted into our department from January 2007 to July 2009 were enrolled in the study and divided into three groups according to the period from injury to operation, ie, 0-4 hours (Group A), 5-8 hours (Group B) and 9-12 hours (Group C). The tissue was collected from core and marginal regions of brain contusion in each group. Ten parts of normal brain tissues obtained from the cerebellum to gain good exposure of CPA region tumors were used as control. The expression of AQP-4 in the normal brain tissues and in the tissues from core and marginal region of brain contusion, with GAPDH used as a control. Results The expression of AQP-4 in the marginal region was distinctly higher than that in normal tissues and in the tissues from core region. The AQP-4 expression in the tissues of the core region was lower than that in normal tissues. Conclusions AQP-4 is highly expressed in the tissues from the marginal region early after injury in a time-dependent fashion. Low expression level of AQP-4 in the core region is possibly correlated with early damage of blood brain barrier and peripheral structures.

Objective To identify the genotypos of extended spectrum β-1actamase (ESBLs)-producing of Escherichia coli ( E. coli) clinical strains isolated from the Macao and compare the results with the genotypes of clinical strains collected in the first Clinical College, China Medical University (CMU) in Shengyang. Methods The clinically isolated E. coli strains including 209 strains from Macao and 150 strains from CMU were collected. Based on the standard of CLSI2006, the ESBLs-producing strains was identified and its isoelectric point(pI) value was detected by isoelectric focusing (IEF) method. The pI values were used to design the primers for PCR amplification. The amplified DNA sequences were then compared with the GenBank and the ESBL genotypes were confirmed. Results ( 1 ) The positive rate of ESBLs-producing strains of E. coli was 30. 1% (62/209) from Macao and 54. 0% (81/150)from CMU. (2)The genotype of 56 (90. 5% ) β-lactamase(ESBLs)-producing E. cull strains from Macao was CTX-M56. Most of them were CTX-M-14 (76. 2% ), other genotypes including CTX-M-9 (4. 8% ), CTX-M-22 (3.2%), CTX-M-24(3.2%), CTX-M-27(1. 6% ), and CTX-M-15( 1.6% ) were found. Six strains were unidentified. (3)The genotype of 74(91.5% )β-lactamase(ESBLs) -producing E. coli strains from Shenyang was CTX-M. Most of them were CTX-M-14 (65.4%), other genotypes including CTX-M-3 ( 13.6% ), CTX-M-24 (4. 9% ),CTX-M-22(2.5%), CTX-M-15(2.5%), CTX-M-9(1.2%) and CTX-M-28(1.2%) were found. Seven strains were unidentified. Conclusions CTX-M genotypo was the mostly identified ESBL-preducing E. Coli strains from Macao and the results were similar with that from CMU. Among them, the CTX-M-14 was the major genotype. Other genotypes included CTX-M-9, CTX-M-15, CTX-M-22, CTX-M-27, and CTX-M-24.However, two genotypes of CTX-M-3 and CTX-M-28 were not found in the clinical isolates in Macao and one genotype of CTX-M-27 was not found from the CMU clinical isolates.