Objective:To study the effect of varicocele(VC)on Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?)and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)in germ cells of adolescent rats,and investigate the mechanism of the infertility resulting from varicocele.Methods:The varicocele model was created by partial ligation of the left renal vein in adolescent male Wistar rats,a total of 50 rats were randomly divided into four groups,namely varicocele group,sham operation group(SOG),At 30 days and 60 days were completed,left orchiectomy was performed the expression of HIF-1? and VEGF were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results:The expression of HIF-1? and VEGF in left testes of varicocele group is significantly higher than of sham operation group.With the duration of varicocele mode1,HIF-1? and VEGF expression in experiment group was decreased,but was higher compared with that in control group.Conclusion:Experimental varicocele could change Expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1?(HIF-1?)and VEGF in germ cells of adolescent rats.

Objectire To investigate female urogenital fistula on the cause,diagnosis and treatment.Methods Thirty nine cases of patients were diagnosed ashaving genitourinary fistula by cystoscopy,intravenous urography,and blue methvlenelest.In 51%of cases were uretero-vaginal fistulas(20/39),one of them were trated byrenal ostomy.17 cases by early emergency ureteroneocystomy,2 cases by ureteralcatheter.In two complex patients with vesico.uretero-vaginal fistula(2/39),the repairwas associated with badder approach vesicovaginal fistula and early emergencyureteroneocystomy.In 44%of cases with vesicovaginal fistula(17/39)were trated bybladder approach after 3～27 months.Results 36 cases of patients were cured after surgery in one time,2 cases of ureteral intubation,1 case of nephrostomy and nephrectomy later with renal infection,1 case of uroclepsia complication.Conclusion Surgical repair of genitourinary fistula will have high rates of success if performed in proper time and appropriate approaches on the basis of patientinf eirmation and urinary fistula pathological type by experienced hands.