Introduction: Meloxicam is a NSAID which able to inhibit the cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). The purpose of this research is to explain the effect of Meloxicam in inhibit the growth of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) induced by benzopyrenes. The apoptosis and proliferation of OSCC, the p53, Ras and COX-2 expression used as indicator. Methods: male mice were induced by benzopyrene 10 mg/kg body weight was given topically on buccal mucosa 2 times a week for 4 weeks for induced the OSCC. Meloxicam was given orally with 3 different doses was 50mg/kg, 100mg/kg, and 200mg/kg.b.w given once a day for 60 days. The control groups were given with CMC-1% 0.1ml/10g body weight. The buccal mucosa then biopsy and staining with immunohistochemistry to analyzed the p53, Ras, COX-2 expression, apoptosis and proliferation of OSCC. Results: The increase of Meloxicam dose is proportional to the increase in wild p53 expression and apoptosis, and inversely proportional to the expression of mutant race, cox-2 and the proliferation of OSCC. Conclusion: Meloxicam able to inhibit the growth of OSCC induced by benzopyrenes.

Introduction: International students are exposed to multiple mental health crises due to social, environmental and culture shocks in foreign lands but it gets worse in presence of lifethreatening disease outbreak. This research was conducted to evaluate the homesickness, anxiety and depression among Pakistani international students in Indonesia during Covid-19 Outbreak. The Methodology conducted on 86 random students that are pursuing their studies in different public and private universities in Indonesia. The data were collected by distributing goggle forms via email and social media groups and the responses from the respondents were recorded and analysed statistically. Results: The study findings revealed that there is a correlation between Covid-19 pandemic and the development of various mental health crises where 33 students (38.37%) developed homesickness, 11 students (12.79%) developed anxiety and 2 students (2.33%) manifested low-grade depression. Homesickness was outstandingly observed in females (72.72%) whereas anxiety was highly reported in males (90.90%).The study findings demonstrated that there is a strong negative correlation between student financial statuses and the development of homesickness (r:-0.977, P:0.023) and anxiety (r:-0.944, P:0.056). Conclusion All in all, the fear to contract coronavirus, lockdowns, financial instability, death toll of citizens and medical professionals, run out of medical facilities and social media hoaxes are significant risk factors of mental health crisis among Pakistani international students in Indonesia.

Introduction: Anadara-granosa synthesization through hydrothermal-method produces beta-tricalcium(beta-TCP), a biomaterial that is able to provide a pathway for calcium-ions in dentin reparative formation thus qualifies TCP as pulp-capping material.Nanoencapsulation is needed as calcium-ions have shown its rapid solubility which is the main cause of high probability risk of tunnel defect.The present study aimed to understand the correlation between stirring time, particle size and level of calcium of beta-TCP nanoencapsulation synthesized from Anadara-granosa-shells. Methods: Anadara-granosa-shells powder was hydrothermically-processed for 18hours and sintered for 3hours. After homogenous beta-TCP powder mixed with aquadest in magnetic stirrer acquired, Na-alginate was added during the stirring process following CaCl2 drop by drop into the mixture.Sample divided into 6-test groups according to the stirring time; P1-one hours;P2-two hours;P3-three hours;P4-four hours;P5-five hours;P6-six hours.All samples centrifuged at 2500rpm for 6minutes and freeze-dried for 12hours.PSA-test and Calcium level-test were performed on the sample test groups, followed by ANOVA-test and post hoc with significance level of P-value=0,05. Results: Data showed average of particle-sizes P1=±336.44; P2=±325.7; P3=±340.94; P4=±452.6; P5=±556.6; P6=± 593.93.ANOVA-test result indicated a significant difference and backed up by Gomes howell test result.Significant differences were found between group first-second-third and group four-five-six also between group five and group six. Calcium level test result was P1=±10.41; P2=±9.53; P3=±9.87; P4=±5.52; P5=±5.33; P6=±5.25.ANOVA-test showed a significant difference and supported by post-hoc LSD-test.Significant differences noted between group one and other groups also between group-two-three and group-four-five-six. Conclusion: In the process of Nanoencapsulation of Anadara-granosa-shells, particle size gradually increased and calcium level gradually decreased along with the longer stirring time was performed.