Objective To study the effects of the multi-model analgesia for the old patients who received total hip replacement surgery.Methods Thiry-four patients who would received total hip replacement surgery were randomly divided into 2 group:Group E was the epidural analgesia group and Group M was the multi-model analgesia group.15min before the end of surgery,the load doses were given to the patients in both groups and the electric pumps for postoperative analgesia were connected.The multi-model analgesia was used for Group M:30min before the end of surgery,ropivacaine 7.5mg and morphine 1mg were given via epidural catheter,and at the end of surgery the catheter was pulled out.Intravenous analgesic pumb were used for Group M.Record the following data at different time point (T1 to T5):(1)the pain scores.(2)the scores of sedation and HR,MAP,RR and SpO2.(3)the numbers of the patients who suffered from adverse effects,such as nausea and vomiting and the numbers of patients who needed the rescue medicine were recorded in 48h after surgery.Results Compared to Group E,the scores of pain when the patients turned over in Group M,were lower significantly at T2.At T1 and T2 time point,the sedation scores of Group M were higher than those of Group E significantly.There was significant difference in the SpO2 change between groups at T1.Conclusion The multi-model analgesia of using long-acting local anesthetics and opioids for epidural analgesia once,then using sufentanil and tramadal for intravenous analgesia continuously,was safe and sufficient for the old patients.

OBJECTIVE To study the characteristics of articles,citations and authors in Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology(Chin J Nosocomiol).METHODS The data about articles,citations and authors of Chin J Nosocomiol from 2005 to 2006 were collected and analyzed in terms of bibliometric parameters.RESULTS There were 1365 papers published in Chin J Nosocomiol during 2 years and papers with funded projects accounted for 12.3%.The average number of articles per issue was 57,the average publishing cycle of the articles was 8.4 months;87.1% of which shared with co-authors;the cooperation ratio was 3.57.The authors comed from 31 provinces.The papers with citation accounted for 68.9%and 92.3% of all the citations came from journals.The Price's indicator was 82.0%.CONCLUSIONS Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology,an academic journal of high quality,with strong influence,pushes the subject of Nosocomiology in China forward.

Lower limb ischemia is common and refractory diseases,in severe cases,it can impact on life quality even threat life.The traditional treatment contain medical and surgical,but cannot obtain satisfactory results.And therapeutic angiogenesis has achieve satisfactory results in animal experimnents and clinical study as its put forward.In recent years,Cell Therapy as one of the research hotspot,the micle aims to introduce the research of progress about therapeutic angiogenesis in detail.

Objective To evaluate the clinical performance of porcelain laminate veneer in front teeth. Metheds 79 porcelain laminate veneers in front teeth in 38 cases were observed after finished repair and 18-month follow-up. The evaluator examined the restoration for shade, surface lubricity, marginal fit, plaque index and gingival index. Results Shade satisfaction was 82 % and 87 %, surface lubricity satisfaction was 100 % and 100 %, marginal fit satisfaction 84 % after restoration and 18-month follow-up. The plaque index of experince atal groups was 0.73?0.45 and the gingival index of experinceatal groups was 0.28?0.67. There was no statistically significant difference with regard 82 % and to plaque index and gingival index. Conclusion The effect of porcelain laminate veneer in front teeth is satisfactory.

So far,thoracoscopy(video-assisted thoracic surgery) has been maturely used in the field of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery,and already has achieved satisfactory results.In compare,the developing cardioscopy technique to perform intracardiac surgery,due to its own characteristics,was rarely applied as an supplementary clinical means over a long period of time.But more and more studies suggested that cardioscopy technique has it's own advantages in cardiovascular surgery,such as not extend the operation time and aortic clamping time,can provide a clearer operative field,and cause less tissue damage.Although there are a few cases reported completely cardioscopy technique treatment experience,it has not been widely used in clinical because of it's limitations.Even no such kind of research has been reported in China yet.This article aims to review the status of cardioscopy technique and its development prospects,to investigate the feasibility of its'widely clinical application in the future

Recently, vasculogenic mimicry, a new form of tumor blood supply has been discovered,which is completely different with the classic model of tumor blood supply. It has important significance which perfect the mechanism of tumor blood supply, improve the treatment and prognosis of tumor. In the paper, its structure, mechanism, and clinical significance of tumor treatment are reviewed.

Recent studies have found that the incidence of diabetes with cognitive impairment increases significantly.This article reviews the clinical manifestation of diabetic cognitive impairment and expounds its potential pathogenesis from 4 aspects,including the toxic effect of hyperglycemia,and the changes of cerebrovascular pathology,neurotrophic factor and neuromodulation.

Objective: Self-enhancement is a kind of motive that urges people to attend exclusively to the positive aspects of himself,it is so intense that individuals even tend to distort the threatening information to some degree so that they can maintain a positive self-view. This research is to investigate the pattern of self-enhancement of Chinese people. Methods: Self-enhancement was measured by requiring participants to make self attribution as well as other attribution of their success and failure on eight factors. Results: There existed strong self-enhancement motive in Chinese individuals. Specifically,Chinese undergraduates attribute their success to inner factors such as personality and effort. This trends also evident in the conditions in which participants were asked to speculate the attribute pattern of other people like his/her mother on their own success and failure. Conclusion: Chinese undergraduates tend to enhance the self-image in other people's eyes.

[Objective]To observe the degradation process of PDLLA in the intervertebral fusion.[Method]Twenty goats were divided into 4 groups as experimental group,and their L_(3~4)intervertebal spaces were implanted with PDLLA cage containing pieces of graft bone.Animals were sacrificed at 4,8,12,16 wks and specimens were taken for observation of the degradation process and bone fusion by gross observation and electronic microscope.Another 12 goats were used as normal fusion control group.Their L_(3~4)space were grafted with bone block for fusion.[Result]The degradation rate was non-lineal.In the early stage of fusion,the main degradation and decrease of molecular weight was shown at the superficial decomposition.With the proceeding of fusion and degradation,as the kydrolyzation speeding-up,internal decomposition by self-catalyse resulted into the collapse and total disassemble of the PDLLA.The PDLLA cage maintained its shape in the early stage and its biomechanical strength decrease in late stage but was still enough to keep the structure from collapse,till the fusion was achieved in the bone implant area.[Conclusion]The velocity of degradation of PDLLA is slower than the speed of bone regeneration of bone fusion,so the PDLLA cage could provide sufficient support during the process of intervertebal fusion and is a suitable choice of degradative material for cage in the intervertebal fusion.

Objective To evaluate the role of protein kinase B (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway in ulinastatin-induced reduction of oxidative stress injury to cardiomyocytes of rats.Methods H9c2 cells were inoculated in 96-well plates at a density of 104 cells/well.The cells were divided into 5 groups using a random nomber table:control group (group C,n =12),H2O2 group (n=12),H2O2 plus ulinastatin group (group HU,n=12),H2O2 plus ulinastatin plus LY294002 group (group HUL,n=9) and H2O2 plus LY294002 group (group HL,n=9).In group H2O2,H2O2 (final concentration 200 μ mol/L) was added,and the cells were incubated for 12 h in the incubator.In HU,HL and HUL groups,ulinastatin (final concentration 50 U/ml),LY294002 (final concentration 10 μmol/L),and ulinastatin (final concentration 50 U/ml) plus LY294002 (final concentration 10 μmol/L)were added,respectively,the cells were incubated for 2 h,H2O2 (final concentration 200 μmol/L) was then added,and the cells were incubated for 12 h in the incubator.The cell survival rate was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay.The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were determined by using water soluble tetrazolium-1 and thiobarbituric acid colorimetric assays.Cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry,and apoptosis rate (AR) was calculated.The expression of Akt,phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt),mTOR,phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR),activated caspase-3 and activated poty-ADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) was detected by Western blot.The p-Akt/AKT and pmTOR/mTOR ratios were calculated.Results Compared with group C,the cell survival rate was significantly decreased,AR was increased,the SOD activity was decreased,the MDA content was increased,the expression of activated caspase-3 and PARP was up-regulated (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in p-Akt/AKT ratio or p-mTOR/mTOR ratio in group H2O2 (P＞0.05).Compared with group H2O2,the cell survival rate was significantly increased,AR was decreased,the SOD activity was increased,the MDA content was decreased,the p-Akt/AKT and p-mTOR/oTOR ratios were increased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 and PARP was down-regulated in group HU (P＜0.05).Compared with group HU,the cell survival rate was significantly decreased,AR was increased,and the expression of activated caspase-3 and PARP was up-regulated in group HUL (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which ulinastatin reduces oxidative stress injury to cardiomyocytes is related to activation of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in rats.