Thyroid hormones play important roles in growth, development, and metabolism of various cells and tissues. It has been assumed for a long time that thyroid hormones are lipophilic and enter cells by passive diffusion, but it has become increasingly clear that cellular uptake and efflux of thyroid hormones are mediated by transporters. The discovery of these thyroid hormone transporters will lead to a better understanding of the tissuespecific regulation of thyroid hormones.

[Summary] The incidence of thyroid cancer in China is increasing rapidly, at an annual percentage change (APC)of 20. 1%, while the APC of mortality of thyroid cancer is only 1. 6%, which is defined asoverdiagnosis by the experts of tumor field. This tendency is due to the over-screening for thyroid nodules and cancers with high resolution of B ultrasound equipments. The prevalence of latent thyroid cancer is 11. 5% in human-being as found by the autopsy. However, the prognosis of the majority of patients is good. The clinical doctors and health-care department of government in China should take actions to deal with the tendency of over-screening andoverdiagnosisfor thyroid nodules and cancers.

Objective To understand correctly the hook like effect of the immune transmission and transmission turbidity in the automatic biochemical analyzer and the prevention of the hook like effect .Methods First ,it had the function set of measurement linear range of the upper limit of the instrument and the instrument automatic dilution redo ,and then ,had determination of excee‐ding the upper limit of measurement range and artificial dilution before the sample setting .Results The group average value was 2 .49 g/Lbefore the determination setting ,3 .31 g/L after the determination setting ,and 3 .33 g/L artificial dilution determination . Conclusion High dose hook effect makes the strong positive to weak positive samples of measurement by error ,even false negative results ,and high concentration sample makes low value .So the set of samples and dilution to determination of instrument ,measured values are more close to the true value .

Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association (ATA) proposed two diagnostic criteria for subclinical hypothyroidism during the first trimester of pregnancy:criterion 1 was based on the pregnancy-specific TSH reference range and criterion 2 on serum TSH＞2.5 mIU/L level with normal serum FT4.According to the results of the Subclinical hypothyroidism during early pregnancy study,author proposed that criterion 2 is not appropriate for Chinese pregnant women because the TSH concentration has become significantly higher in whole Chinese population.By using criterion 2,the prevalence may be as high as 27.8％,which may result in over-diagnosis and over treatment.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy ofShenqi Unguent on sub-clinical hypothyroidism patients with qi-deficiency constitution.Methods A total of 60 patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The treatment group took the traditional Chinese medicine ofShenqi Unguent, while the control group took euthyrox orally for 6 months. Changes of carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), thyroid function (FT3, FT4, TSH, TG-Ab, TPO-Ab), and TCM syndrome integral before and after treatment of the two groups were observed. Results After treatment, the TCM syndrome integrals of the treatment group were significantly improved, compared with the control group (P<0.01). Similarly, CIMT of the treatment group were obviously increased, compared with the control group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, levels of serum TG-Ab and TPO-Ab were distinctly reduced than that of the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionShenqi Unguent has marked clinical efficacy on sub-clinical hypothyroidism patients with qi-deficiency constitution.

hypothyroidism is a common subclinical disease in endocrinology. Its diagnosis is based on an elevated serum TSH but normal FT 4 levels. The adverse outcome of subclinical hypothyroidism is progressing to overt hypothyroidism with an increased risk for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction . Two factors may affect the development of overt hypothyroidism: the levels of serum TSH and thyroid autoantibodies and both factors have additional effects on the outcome. The benefits of treatment with T 4for preventing the development of overt hypothyroidism is not yet certain; subclinical hypothyroidism is a strong indicator of risk for atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction, just like other known major risk fators such as hypercholestrolemia, hypertension, smoking and diabetes (odds ratio for aortic atherosclerosis 1.9; odds ratio for myocardial infarction 3.1). The treatment with T 4 for the patients could reduce the levels of serum cholesterol. The effects of subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnant women on the IQ of their children have been widely focused. According to the results from a published epidemiological study, the normal reference values of TSH, thyroid peroxidase antibody (TPOAb) and thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) detected by immunochemiluminesence assay (ICMA) method and the cut-off values of TPOAb and TgAb associated with thyroid diseases have been proposed.

Objective To analyse the clinical and X-ray manifestations of pulmonary infiltration in mediastinal malignant lymphoma in order to improve the knowledge of this disease. Methods The clinical and X-ray features of pulmonary infiltration in mediastinal malignant lymphoma confirmed by clinic and pathology were retrospectively analysed. Results There were Hodgkin’s disease (HD)in 9, Non-Hodgkin disease(N-HD)in 11 and no classified in 5. Imaging findings included: patch infiltration in pneumonic type(in 8 cases), reticular shadow in interstitial type(in 7 cases).Lobulated mass in mass type(in 1 case).Node(0.3~0.8 cm in diameter)in nodular type (in 1 case),patch infiltration together with reticular in mixed type (in 6 cases),and extremely small nodules distributed throughout the entire lung in milliary type (in 2 cases).After chemico-radiotherapy, 12 cases were improved, 9 cases were worse and 4 cases were no change.Conclusion The pulmonary infiltration in mediastinal malignant lymphoma is most seen in the pneumonic,interstitical and mixed type,chemico-radiotherapy is an ideal therapeutic method for this disease.

Recently, more and more attention have been paid to the impact of maternal thyroid hormones on neuropsychologic development of offspring. In the first 20 weeks of gestation, neuropsychologic development of the fetus is mostly dependent on thyroxine from the mother. Limited epidemiological data showed that full-scale WISC IQs averaged 7 points lower among children born to mothers with undiagnosed thyroid deficiency during pregnancy, in comparison with control children. The main cause of subclinical maternal hypothyroidism is autoimmune thyroiditis. Data from basic studies have confirmed the impacts of maternal thyroid hormones on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of offspring. In a Chinese female population, the positive rate of thyroid autoantibodies was 11.0%, and the prevalence of postpartum thyroiditis was 11.9%. Hence, it is necessary to set up a screening schedule for subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmne thyroiditis in pregnant women, which is of great value for the health of both women and children.

For the first time,the iodine-induced thyroid diseases group of China Medical University has finished a five-year prospective epidemiological study on the incidences of thyroid diseases in the three communities with various levels of iodine intake.The results indicated that increased incidences of subclinical hypothyroidism and autoimmune thyroiditis in the communities with more than adequate and excessive iodine intake.The individuals with positive thyroid autoantibodies at baseline more likely became hypothyroid due to more than adequate and excessive iodine intake.These adverse effects are mainly involved in the susceptible populations for thyroid diseases.Hence it appears to be reasonable that iodine supplementation should be conducted by localization and individualization.

OBJECTIVE:To develop a RP-HPLC method for determination of the content of berberine hydrochloride in the Fukezhidai tablets METHODS:HPLC was performed on Dimonsil C18 column with CH3CN-KH2PO4(30∶70)as mobile phase The detection wavelength was 347nm RESULTS:The linear range of berberine on calibration curve was 0 4 052～2 026?g/ml The average recovery of berberine was 98 18%,RSD=0 92%(n=5) CONCLUSION:The method was simple and accurate,and can be used for the quality control of Fukezhidai tablets