OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of Houttuynia Cordata on expression of human beta-defensin-2 (HBD-2) in pulmonary epithelial cells (SPC-A-1) in vitro; and to observe the correlationship between the level of HBD-2 mRNA and the concentrations or treatment times of Houttuynia Cordata. METHODS: The SPC-A-1 cells were cultured with different concentrations of Houttuynia Cordata in vitro, including 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 microg/ml. And then, the SPC-A-1 cells were cultured with the optimal concentration of Houttuynia Cordata in different lengths of time, including 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 24 hours. After the treatment, the mRNA level of HBD-2 in pulmonary epithelial cells was detected by means of semi-quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: After being cultured with Houttuynia Cordata, the expression of HBD-2 mRNA had positive correlation with the stimulus concentrations (rs=0.829, P=0.042) and stimulus time (rs=0.914, P=0.003). The highest expression of HBD-2 mRNA was induced by 100 microg/ml Houttuynia Cordata after 8-hour treatment. In comparison with the normal control group and the interleukin-1beta group, 100 microg/ml Houttuynia Cordata could significantly up-regulate the expression of HBD-2 mRNA in SPC-A-1 cells after 8-hour treatment (P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Houttuynia Cordata can up-regulate expression of HBD-2 mRNA in SPC-A-1 cells, and the highest expression level of HBD-2 mRNA can be obtained by culture with 100 microg/ml Houttuynia Cordata for 8 hours.

BACKGROUND:Spine, due to its complicated structure and special functions, is always the difficulty and emphasis in clinical practice and medical education. It is an interesting top how to apply modern software in clinical teaching. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the application of Spine Decide software in clinical teaching of spine surgery. METHODS:Teachers can actively guide students to learn the diagnosis of spine diseases and to design surgery program using Spine Decide software. Then the students wil participate in the surgical operation of the patients, which helps them better understand the diagnosis and treatment of spine surgery disease and the occurrence and development of spine diseases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The students actively participated in the process of learning through Spine Decide software, which helps them learn systematical y, structural y the pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of spine diseases in a short period. Application of Spine Decide into teaching activities has greatly improved the students’ abilities in self-learning and clinical analysis. Their enthusiasm to the learning and creativity has been greatly improved compared to traditional teaching methods;innovation and exploration have breakthrough improvement, final y achieving a good teaching effect.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of L -glutamine gung shimron acid sodium in combi-nation with esomeprazole in the treatment of pediatric peptic ulcer and its effects on immunological function and intes-tinal flora.Methods 120 patients of pediatric peptic ulcer meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into two groups equally.Besides conventional treatments,the control group was treated with esomeprazole,and the observa-tion group was treated with L -glutamine gung shimron acid sodium in combination with esomeprazole.After the course of treatment,the curative efficacy was compared after the eight -week follow -up.Before and after the treat-ment,T lymphocyte subpopulation (CD +4 ,CD +8 ,CD +4 /CD +8 )reflecting cellular immune function,intestinal flora and adverse reactions were compared.Results After the eight -week follow -up,the total effective rate of the observa-tion group was 96.7%,which was significantly higher than 86.7% of the control group (χ2 =3.93,P <0.05).After treatment,levels of CD +4 [(43.5 ±6.6)% vs (40.9 ±6.2)%],CD +4 /CD +8 [(1.72 ±0.38)vs (1.38 ±0.45)] were statistically higher and level of CD +8 [(26.2 ±3.7)% vs (30.1 ±5.0)%]was statistically lower in the obser-vation group in comparison with the control group (t =2.22,P <0.05;t =4.47,t =4.86,P <0.01).As to intestinal flora,the observation group had statistically higher concentration of lactobacillus [(7.5 ±1.3 )LonN /g feces vs (5.8 ±1.2)LonN /g feces],bifidobacterium[(8.3 ±1.1)LonN /g feces vs (6.6 ±1.4)LonN /g feces]in the feces in comparison with the control group after treatment (t =7.44,t =7.40,both P <0.05).During the treatment,there were no severe adverse reactions.Conclusion L -glutamine gung shimron acid sodium in combination with esome-prazole is effective for pediatric peptic ulcer,which can significantly increase curative efficacy,enhance cellular immune function and effectively regulate intestinal flora with minor adverse reactions.

Objective Study the National Natural Science Foundation investment of traditional Chinese Medicine R&D investment in common illnesses to understand the total investment as well as researching areas, agency and disease. Methods Filtered research data of common illnesses from National Natural Science Foundation website database with keywords. Quantitative analysis was made with the obtained data. Results National Natural Science Foundation of China invested a total of more than 50 million RMB in common illness R&D, of which nearly 400 million RMB was invested to traditional Chinese medicine. Cancer R&D investment was the highest, bone diseases R&D investment was less than 0.1% of the total investment. Conclusion Total investment in common illness increased year by year, but the investment in traditional Chinese medicine ratio was still low.

Aim To explore the effect of connexin 43 ( Cx 4 3 ) on acquired gefitinib-resistance in human non small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) . Methods HCC827 GR, a gefitinib-resistant ( GR) NSCLC cell lines from their parental cells was established by gradually in-creasing the concentration of gefitinib. Gefitinib effica-cy in HCC827 and HCC827 GR cells was detected by MTT assay. Expression of Cx43 mRNA in HCC827 and HCC827 GR cells was determined by RT-PCR. The protein expressions of Cx43 and phospho-Akt ( p-Akt) in these cells were detected by Western blot. The func-tional gap junction intercellular communication ( GJIC ) was measured by parachute assay. The cellular locali-zation of Cx43 protein was evaluated by immunofluores-cence staining. Results MTT assay showed less ge-fitinib cytotoxicity in HCC827 GR cells than that in their parental cells with IC50 of (10. 84 ± 0. 021) μmol ·L-1 versus (0. 07 ± 0. 019) μmol·L-1 , respective-ly. Moreover, both mRNA and protein expressions of Cx43 in HCC827 GR cells were significantly lower than those in HCC827 cells ( P<0. 05 ) . However, the p-Akt protein in HCC827 GR cells was obviously higher than that in HCC827 cells ( P<0. 05 ) . Furthermore, treatment with LY294002 caused a significant reduced p-Akt expression, but a significant increased Cx43 ex-pression in HCC827 GR cells. Moreover, no detecta-ble GJIC was found in HCC827 and their GR cells with or without RA ( a well-defined GJIC enhancer ) treat-ment. Immunofluorescence staining clearly showed that Cx43 protein accumulated in the cytoplasm of HCC827 and their GR cells. Conclusion The down-regulation of Cx43 expression in cytoplasm of HCC827 GR cells may contribute to the acquired gefitinib resistance in NSCLC cells by GJIC-independent activation of PI3 K/Akt signaling pathway.

Objective To study the effects of unilateral graded facetectomy on lumbar spinal stability in biomechanics and to investigate the biomechanical characteristics of articular process and the safety of decompression produre for lumbar disc herniation.Methods The vertebral column L4/5 function spinal unit(FSU) of 5 adult cadavers was used and graded facetectomy was performed on left articular process of L4/5 resulting in 0,1/4,1/2,3/4,4/4 facetectomy of lateral small vertebral joints.The stability of each model was determined using three-dimension movement test machine of vertebral column.Results When more than 1/2 facetectomy of lateral small vertebral joints was carried out,the circuitation stability of left,right lateral flexion and the left,right axial direction of vertebral column and that of normal vertebral column had significant difference(P

Objective To identify the morphological characteristics of pelvic diaphragm hiatus in pregnant women with stress urinary incontinence ( SUI) by transperineal three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound.Methods From Oct.2008 to Mar.2009,145 pregnant women (third trimester group) at 37-41 weeks of gestation underwent transperineal 3-D ultrasound investigation at Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,the Sixth People's Hospital,Shanghai Jiaotong University,including 38 pregnant women with stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and the other 107 non SUI pregnant women.In the mean time,50 normal nulliparous healthy women were chosen as control group.The morphological characteristics of pelvic diaphragm hiatus,the diameter of pelvic diaphragm hiatus,pubovisceral muscle thickness and genitohiatal and levator ani angle were measured at rest,on maximum Valsalva and maximum pelvic floor contraction by 3-D ultrasound,respectively.Results Loosen connective tissue and pubococcygeus avulsion were observed in some pregnant women at third trimester.The area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus were (15.2 ±1.9),(16.4 ± 2.0) and (13.6±1.9) cm2,pubovisceral muscle thickness were (0.72 ±0.11),(0.68 ±0.14) and(0.77 ±0.11) cm,levator ani angle were (60 ±8) °,(57±10) ° and (64 ± 14)° at rest,on maximum Valsalva and maximum pelvic floor contraction respectively.These parameters were significantly increased than those in control group[(11.2 ±2.6),(14.5 ±4.5) and (9.2 ±2.6) cm2; (0.66 ±0.10),(0.67 ± 0.14) and (0.71 ±0.14) cm; (50 ±4) °,(51 ±5) ° and (46 ±5)°]at three maneuvers,respectively ( P <0.05).And those parameters of the anteroposterior hiatal diameter,lateral hiatal diameter,perimeter of pelvic diaphragm hiatus and area of pelvic diaphragm hiatus in SUI pregnant women were increased than those in non SUI pregnant women at three maneuvers,respectively (P < 0.05 ).Pubovisceral muscle thickness in SUI pregnant women was significantly lower than that in non SUI pregnant women at maximum pelvic floor contraction (P < 0.05 ),but there were not significant difference between SUI and non SUI pregnant women at rest and on maximum Valsalva in pubovisceral muscle thickness and genitohiatal and levator ani angle (P >0.05).Conclusions Pelvic floor anatomic remodeling is identified in late pregnant women.When compared with non pregnant women,the loosen pelvic floor connective tissue and the bigger diameters of pelvic diaphragm are observed in late pregnant women.It is observed that the increased diameters of pelvic diaphragm and decreased thickness of pubovisceral muscle in later pregnant SUI women than those in non SUI pregnant women.

Objective To detect and compare the pH value of different locations in esophagus and trachea of mice.Methods 40 male Kunming mice of clean grade were randomly divided into two groups,of which the esophagus(esophageal group) and trachea(windpipe group) were measured,before the experiment two groups kept 12 hours abrosia.The esophagus and trachea of the rats in two groups were dissected and separated out,the distance from the central incisors were 0.3 cm,0.5 cm,0.7 cm,the incision was like 'T'.The sensitive grade of pH test paper was used for the determination,and the data was recorded in each group and analyzed.Results All the mice were measured successfully.The pH of the esophagus group were (6.10±0.17),(5.84±0.11),(5.44±0.11),and the pH value of the trachea group were(7.44±0.11),(7.19±0.11),(6.97±0.07),respectively.There was a significant difference in the same segment between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion The results showed that the differences in the pH values of trachea and esophagus and the pH values of different segments,which provides a theoretical basis for the design of model mice by intragastric administration of pH to identify the value of trachea and esophagus.

Objective To study the influence of Annao tablet on the expression of transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) murine and to explore the interventional mechanism of TGF-β1 on aGVHD. Methods Hematopoietic stem cells of male Balb/c mice were transplanted to female C57BL/6 mice for the development of aGVHD murine model. Recipient mice were divided into Annao group and blank group randomly and respectively administrated with Annao soup (a kind of Chinese herb) and 0.9% sodium chloride intragastrically. Clinical symptom, survival time and body weight were recorded at 14th and 30th day and some sections of liver, small bowel and skin were taken for histological changes. Serum level of TGF-β1 were measured by enzyme-labeled immunosorbent assay (ELISA), splenocyte protein of TGF-β1 by Western Blot and TGF-β1 mRNA by fluorescent quantitation polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Serum level of TGF-β1 in both groups had no statistical difference (P = 0.305), but it rose to (148.31 ± 7.95) ng/mL at 14th day and (183.48 ± 5.91) ng/mL at 30th day in Annao group, which had significant difference when compared with that in blank group (P = 0.000). IOD/IODβ-actin value of TGF-β1 protein in Annao group was 0.33 ± 0.05 at 14th day and 0.56 ± 0.04 at 30th day, which was higher than that in blank group (P = 0.000) and the expression of TGF-β1 mRNA of splenocyte in Annao group was 1.24 ± 0.04 at 14th day and 2.14 ± 0.33 at 30th day which was much higher than that in blank group (P = 0.000). Conclusion Annao tablet helps to relieve symptoms of acute GVHD by raising serum level of TGF-β1 and intensifying expression of protein of TGF-β1 and its mRNA.

Objective To report the endoscopic and hispathology characteristics of the intestinal schistosomiasis, and arose enough attention to avoid missed or misdiagnosis. Methods Clinical and endoscopic and hispathology data of the intestinal schistosomiasis in 72 patients were included in this study with Olympus CF-240 colonoscopy and biopsy.Results Endoscopic appearance showed acute enteritis in 16 cases, chronic enteritis in 27 cases and a mixed type of acute and chronic enteritis in 29 cases. In acute enteritis ova were deposited intactly with lots of eosinocyte infiltration, in chronic enteritis ova were calcified and deposited with lots of lymphocytes,plasma cells infiltration and submucosal fibrosis,while in the mixed type enteritis had both acute and chronic histopathologic appearence. Five of 72 cases were found colorectal cancer simultaneously. And 14 of 72 patients had misdiagnostic history,including ulcerative colitis 7 cases, ileocecum cancer 5 cases, and colonrectal tuberculosis 2 cases.Conclusion Intestinal schistosomiasis is classified into three types of enteritis acute,chronic and the mixed type, the latter was an important and indepent type.Colonscopy findings and repeated biopsy from the suspected lesions were essential for getting correct diagnosis.