BACKGROUND:Studies have confirmed that nicotine affects the activity of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, fibroblasts and erythrocytes.
OBJECTIVE:To study the nicotine effects on osseointegration and the expression of osteoprotegerin and bone morphogenetic protein 2 after implantation of dental implants with surface treatment by sandblasting or acid etching.
METHODS:Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to two groups and received daily injections for 2 weeks as folows: Nicotine 2 mg/kg twice for experimental group, saline solution for control group. Then the titanium implants with surface sandblasting or acid etching were implanted into the tibiae folowed by continuous nicotine or normal saline injection. At weeks 2 and 4 after implantation, the implants and surrounding bone tissue were prepared for CT, X-ray and hematoxylin-eosin staining examinations to evaluate bone healing and expression levels of bone-related genes were measured by quantitative RT-PCR.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control groups, the degree of osseointegration and the expression of osteoprotegerin and bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the experimental groups were decreased significantly (P < 0.05), except that the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the experimental group with acid etching was not significantly reduced. In addition, the expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2 in the experimental group with acid etching was higher than that in the experimental group with sandblasting at 2 weeks after implantation (P < 0.05). The X-ray and CT show that the quantities of new generation bone and the degree of bone mineralization of the sandblasting group were significant lower than those of the acid etching group under the intervention of nicotine. Hematoxylin-eosin staining showed that the activity and quantity of osteoblasts around the implants down-regulated significantly, but acid etching-treated implants showed better outcomes than sandblasting-treated implants.

Intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (ICAS) is an important cause for the occurrence,development,and recurrence of ischemic stroke.Age,hypertension,diabetes,and smoking etc.are its traditional risk factors.Among them,symptomatic ICAS is the key of clinical intervention.Its treatments include intensive medical therapy,endovascular treatment,extracranial intracranial arterial bypass grafting,encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis,and external counterpulsation,etc.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of serum procalcitonin (PCT),C reactive pro-tein(CRP),and lymphocyte subsets CD +19 CD +23 in children with Kawasaki disease (KD).Methods From August 2013 to July 2015 in hospital,30 cases of acute phase KD were selected.According to cardiac color Doppler ultra-sound results,30 patients were divided into coronary artery disease (CAL)group and non coronary artery disease (NCAL)group.The intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG)before and after treatment,serum PCT,CRP,CD +19 CD +23 were detected.And 30 healthy children were selected as normal control group.Serum PCT was detected by chemilumines-cence immunoassay,CRP was determined by immune latex ratio method,CD +19 CD +23 was measured by flow cytometry. Results The levels of PCT,CRP and CD +19 CD +23 were (1.37 ±0.39)μg/L,(52.24 ±12.99)mg/L,(25.45 ± 11.06)% respectively in KD before IVIG treatment,which were significantly higher than those of KD after treatment [(0.49 ±0.24)μg/L,(37.48 ±6.27)mg/L,(17.23 ±1.97)%]and the control group[(0.05 ±0.00)μg/L, (16.08 ±5.21)mg/L,(15.76 ±2.39)%],the differences were statistically significant (t =6.108,5.983,8.172, all P <0.01).In CAL group,PCT[(1.75 ±0.53)μg/L,(65.95 ±14.55)mg/L]and CRP[(0.93 ±0.42)μg/L, (26.18 ±6.71)mg/L]were higher than NCAL group,the differences were statistically significant (t =5.504,5.621, all P <0.05).While CAL group CD +19 CD +23 [(24.70 ±11.86)%]and NCAL group[(25.79 ±10.59)%]had no statistically significant difference (t =0.559,P >0.05 ).Conclusion PCT,CRP and CD +19 CD +23 can be used as important index for early diagnosis and prediction of KD,the levels of CRP and PCT have clinical significance in the assessment of coronary artery lesions.

The determination of plasma factor Ⅷ related antigen (ⅧR:Ag) is a new method to estimate the function of blood coagulation introduced only recently. The concentration of this substance of 50 patients ill with chronic renal failure, neoplastic diseases, diabetes mellitus, (all these diseases were complicated with vascular changes) and 60 normal persons were determined.The data obtained showed that the concentration of plasma factor Ⅷ related antigen was significantly increased in all the 50 patients in comparing with the normal, and the increase was most marked in those patients with malignant diseases. The clinical significance of this phenomenon was discussed and it was suggested that the increase of this plasma factor Ⅷ related antigen might reflect the severity of the damage of the vascular endothelial cells in these patients.

Objective To investigate the expression and its clinical significance of bronchial asthma treat-ment in different periods of peripheral blood lymphocyte CD +19 CD +23 .Methods Peripheral blood CD +19 CD +23 expres-sion and IgE levels in serum of 28 cases of children with bronchial asthma and 28 healthy children was detected by electrochemical detection and flow cytometry assay method,the detection results were analyzed.Results The results of serum CD +19 CD +23 in children with asthma,the level of total IgE were (32.51 ±5.08)%,(995.22 ±576.33)IU /L respectively,which were higher than those of the control group(21.29 ±8.68)%,(100.85 ±36.43)IU /L,there were significant differences between the two groups(t =5.846,8.334,all P <0.01);treatment after 1 months,3 months, 6 months CD +19 CD +23 expression rates were (29.37 ±4.82)%,(26.20 ±4.58)%,(23.69 ±4.54)%,total IgE lev-els were (745.41 ±452.89),IU /L(553.23 ±345.26),IU /L(405.87 ±267.96)IU /L,before and after treatment were decreased,the differences were statistically significant(CD +19 CD +23 :F =3.367,IgE:F =26.740,P <0.01 ). Conclusion Peripheral blood lymphocyte CD +19 CD +23 and IgE can reflect the condition of the asthma children,but compared to IgE,CD +19 CD +23 can better reflect the activation of eosinophils and airway inflammation,serum CD +19 CD +23 levels can be used as a diagnosis of asthma,disease status and guide the indicator to determine the treatment of inflammation.

Objective To observe the curative effect of head hypothermia combined with mouse nerve growth factor in the treatment of neonatal moderately severe hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).Methods 50 cases of severe HIE were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 25 cases in each group.Both two groups were given the conventional treatment.The observation group was given head hypothermia treatment in 6 hours after born,to maintain the nasopharyngeal temperature (34.0 ±0.5)℃,anal temperature (35.5 ±0.5)℃,72 hours continuously.At 96 hours after the birth,the nerve growth factor was given.The control group did not give the head mild hypothermia treatment.At 96 hours after birth,the nerve growth factor (methods,dosage and treatment were the same as the observation group)was treated with nutrition and brain nerve.After treatment,the improvements of heart rate,muscle tension,convulsions and disturbance of consciousness were observed in two groups.After 3 days,2 weeks and 4 weeks,the neonatal behavioral neurological assay (NBNA),1 and 3 months after birth,the outfit cranial MRI plain scan and brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP)were evaluated.Results NBNA scores of the two groups were compared in 3 days,2 weeks and 4 weeks after birth,the differences were statistically significant (t=2.53, 2.89,3.23,all P<0.05).In the observation group,the abnormal brain MRI was significantly less than the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =24.125,P<0.05).In the observation group,the number of abnormal auditory evoked potential was significantly less than that of the control group,the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =21.312,P<0.01 ).Conclusion Head hypothermia combined with mouse nerve growth factor therapy for the treatment of neonatal moderately severe HIE has protective effect,it can improve the treatment efficacy, reduce the long-term neurological sequelae,and without adverse reaction.

Objective To investigate the triceps skinfold thickness (TSF) of patients with stroke in community. Methods 42 hemiplegics after stroke and 42 normal persons in the same community were measured by a same doctor team, including height, weight, blood pressure, heart rate, waist circumference, hip circumference, and TSF. The grade of Brunnstrom and daily exercise time of the patients were investigated. Results The TSF was thicker in the non-affected side than in the affected side (P<0.05). The bilateral TSF was thinner in the patients than in the normal controls (P<0.05). In the patients, the TSF was thicker in those with function grade above Brunnstrom IV than those below (P<0.05), and in those who took part in exercise regularly than those did not (P<0.01). The body mass index was more in the patients than in the controls (P<0.05). Conclusion The TSF is thinner in the patients with stroke, which may associate with the motor function and daily exercise.

Objective To evaluate the curative and prophylactic effects of pulmonary surfactant (PS) on neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) by two different administration means. Methods 35 neonates with NRDS were divided into groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ randomly, prophylactic group were randomly divided into groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ, the means of administration in all patients was through tracheal tube. Neonates in group Ⅰ and Ⅲ, were given curosurf in several times with different posture, group Ⅱ and IV were given in one time with supine position. Blood gas analysis, index of mechanical ventilation, the duration of mechanical ventilation, hours of oxygen requirement and hospitalization between Ⅰ and Ⅱ group, the incidence of NRDS between Ⅲ, and IV group were analyzed and compared before and after treatment. Results After treatment for 6 and 24 hours, the oxygenation and lung function of group Ⅰ and Ⅱ improved respectively (P<0.05), the total times of assisted ventilation, Supplemental oxygen therapy and hospitalization were significantly decreased, the differences of those index were no significant between Ⅰ and Ⅱ group (P0.05), the incidence of NRDS have no different between Ⅲ and IV group. Conclusion Pulmonary surfactant is effective and safe for treating and prophylacting NRDS, and have no relationship with the means of administration.

In the present study, we investigated the roles of TGF-β signaling pathway in a rat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) model treated with cetrorelix. TGF-β1 and c-Myc expression were measured by qRT-PCR and Western blotting in the proximal and distal region of ventral prostatic lobes, respectively. We observed that treatment with cetrorelix led to a significant reduction of ventral prostate weight in a dose-dependent manner. In the proximal region, after cetrorelix treatment, the expression of TGF-β1 was dramatically increased (P<0.05), while the expression of c-Myc was significantly decreased (P<0.05). In comparison with the control group, the cetrorelix groups had more TUNEL-positive cells. Our findings strongly suggest that the TGF-β signaling pathway may be one of the major causes responsible for prostate volume reduction in BPH rats after cetrorelix treatment.

Objective To investigate the correlation between ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) R219K polymorphism and ischemic stroke in Chinese populations.Methods The case control studies of the correlation between Chinese ABCA1 R219K polymorphism and ischemic stroke published before May 2013 were collected using comprehensive literature search.The Stata 11.0 software was used to conduct metaanalysis.Odds ratio (OR) and its 95％ confidence interval (CI) was used to evaluate the strength of association between the gene polymorphism and ischemic stroke.Results A total of 10 studies met the criteria and were included in the analysis,including 1 619 patients in the patient group and 1907 in the control group.The selected literature had no obvious bias.Meta-analysis showed that the risk of ischemic stroke in patients carrying RK + KK genotype significantly decreased 8％ (OR 0.92,95％ CI 0.88-0.96; P =0.000)compared to those carrying RR genotype.The risk of ischemic stroke in patients carrying KK genotype significantly decreased 36％ compared to those carrying RR genotype (OR 0.64,95％ CI 0.44-0.94; P =0.02).The risk of ischemic stroke in patients carrying RK genotype significantly decreased 19％ compared to those carrying RR genotype (OR 0.81,95％ CI 0.69-0.95; P =0.009).The risk of ischemic stroke in patients carrying K allele significantly decreased 17％ compared to those carrying R allele (0R 0.83,95％ CI 0.69-0.99; P =0.036).Conclusions ABCA1 R219K polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility of ischemic stroke in Chinese.K allele may be a genetic protective factor for ischemic stroke in Chinese populations.